【优化方案】（陕西专用）高考英语总复习 课时作业四 Unit4　Earthquakes 新人教版必修1.doc

unit 4earthquakes.单项填空1my daughter came first in the english speech contest.did she？_！acheer upbgood luckcbest wishes dcongratulations2though we had never seen each other before，we talked_we had been friends for many years.aas if beven thoughcbecause dafter3the car was not seriously_in the accident and it wont cost much to get it repaired.adestroyed bruinedcdamaged dsuffered4believe it or not，the ancient chinese painting is worth more than_dollars!atwo million btwo million ofctwo millions dtwo millions of5_the end of last year，we had learned over 2,000 english words and phrases.aat bincby dfrom6hearing the old mans_experiences in africa，we all couldnt help_laughing.aamused；bursting outbamusing；bursting intocamused；bursting intodamusing；bursting out7my cousin will_his chances of getting a pay rise if he doesnt work harder this year.ainjure bwoundcruin dharm8_from what he has been doing，mr.smith seems to be a person we can depend on.ajudge bjudgingcjudged dto judge9tom has become good friends with some of the volunteers in guangzhou_he met in the asian games.awho bwherecwhen dwhich10mr.black didnt know the other guests at the party.luckily，the hostess came to his_by introducing him to a few people.asense battentioncmind drescue11you must learn how to communicate with others.learning to_yourself well is an important part of education.aexpress bfindcintroduce drecognize12nowadays，people usually think if you enter a key university，you are your parents_apride bluckcvalue dcheer13i was riding along the street and all of a sudden，a car cut in and knocked me down.you can never be_careful in the street.avery btoocso dmuch14having a chat with an old friend you havent seen for ten years is a pleasant thing，_i prefer very much.ait bthatcwhat done15some parents are just too protective.they want to_their kids from every kind of danger，real or imagined.aspot bdismisscshelter ddistinguish.完形填空(2012原创题)autumn leaves show their true colorsas days grow shorter and nights grow cooler in boulder，colorado，the green leaves of summer have been putting on party colors.some do have their theories about the autumnal_1_of the color of the tree leaves.“ive heard that the reason_2_the leaves change throughout the seasons is that god likes to see different colors all over the world，”says one girl，“so that he can_3_ what season it is.”“_4_legend，”says a woman，“three hunters and their dog chased the great bear into the sky，slaughtered(屠杀)it and its blood _5_onto the leaves，turning them red.”dave sutherland，a naturalist with boulder mountain parks，_6_the explanation he heard in childhood.“my mom told me it was because at night，_7_everybodys asleep the fairies come out and _8_ them.”it turns out the scientific explanation for_9_ leaves change color is almost as magical as artistic fairies.the story begins in summer，when leaves are green_10_a pigment(色素) known as chlorophyll(叶绿素)it captures just the right color from the suns light，to power the_11_ known as photosynthesis(光合作用)“_12_the chlorophyll is grabbing that sunlight，its_13_ water from the soil and carbon dioxide from the air and energy from the sunlight and shoving it together to make sugar，” sutherland says.that helps the tree blossom and grow.as the days _14_shorter in autumn，leaves_15_making chlorophyll，revealing a dazzling secret.“green leaves are yellow.you _16_ dont see the yellow，”sutherland says.“the yellow pigments are there_17_，hidden beneath the mask of_18_.theyre just waiting for a/an _19_for the chlorophyll to start breaking down_20_the yellow color can start shining through.”1a.transformationbconsistencecacceleration dinvention2a.how bwhycas dfor 3a.speak btellcsay dforetell 4a.according to bbecause ofcas a result of din view of5a.flowed bdrippedcrushed dsprayed6a.memorizes bremindscrecalls dforgets 7a.then bnowcwhen dwhich8a.collect bchangecpaint dreplace 9a.why bwhichcthat dhow 10a.as well as bin addition tocthanks to das to11a.process bfunctioncaction deffect 12a.since bascbecause dfor13a.pulling bcarryingcsending dcatching14a.grow bchangeclast ddecrease15a.stop bcontinuecinsist dstart16a.right bexactlycjust dreally17a.in the end ball in allcall along dalong with18a.pigments bgreencyellow dleaves 19a.situation boccasioncchance dcase 20a.but borcso dhowever .阅读理解 (2012武汉市武昌区高三调研)scientists who try to predict earthquakes have gotten some new helpers recentlyanimals.thats right，animals.scientists have begun to understand what farmers have known for thousands of years.animals often seem to know in advance that an earthquake is coming，and they show their fear by acting in strange ways.before a chinese quake in 1975，snakes awoke from their winter sleep early only to freeze to death in the cold air.cows broke their halters (缰绳) and tried to escape.chickens refused to enter their cage.all of this unusual behavior，as well as physical changes in the earth，warned chinese scientists of the coming quake.they moved people away from the danger zone and saved thousands of lives.one task for scientists today is to learn exactly which types of animal behavior predict quakes.its not an easy job.first of all，not every animal reacts to the danger of an earthquake.just before a california quake in 1977，for example，an arabian horse became very nervous and tried to break out of his enclosure (围栏)the australian horse next to him，however，remained perfectly calm.its also difficult at times to tell the difference between normal animal restlessness and “earthquake nerves”a zoo keeper once called earthquake researchers，saying that his cougar had been acting strangely.it turned out that the cat had an upset stomach.a second task for scientists is to find out exactly what kind of warnings the animals receive.they know that animals sense far more of the world than humans do.many animals can see，hear，and smell things that people do not even notice.some can sense tiny changes in air pressure，gravity，or the magnetism of the earth.this extra sense probably helps animals predict quakes.a good example of this occurred with a group of dogs.they were shut in an area that was being shaken by a series of tiny earthquakes.(several small quakes often come before or after a large one.) before each quake a low booming sound was heard.each boom caused the dogs to bark wildly.then the dogs began to bark during a silent period.a scientist who was recording quakes looked at his machine.it was acting as though there were a loud noise too.the scientist realized that the dogs had reacted to a booming noise.they also sensed the tiny quakes that followed it.the machine recorded both，though humans felt and heard nothing.in this case there was a machine to monitor what the dogs were sensing.many times，however，our machines record nothing extraordinary，even though animals know a quake is coming.the animals might be sensing something we measure but do not recognize as a warning.discovering what animals sense，and learning how they know it is a danger signal，is a job for future scientists.1through the passage the writer hopes to explore_.awhy animals send a danger signal before an earthquakebhow animals know when an earthquake is comingcwhy animals not humans have a good sense of dangerdhow much animals know about an earthquake2during an earthquake in china in 1975，_.achickens refused to go out of their cagebsnakes were frozen to death in their cavescsnakes awoke from their winter sleep earlierdcows broke their halters and escaped from their sheds3which of the following is one of earthquake nerves according to the passage?aan arabian horse tried to escape from his enclosure.ba cougar had an upset stomach unexpectedly.can australian horse was perfectly calm.da cat acted very strangely in a zoo.4the scientists did an experiment with a group of dogs to_.afind out that the machine could record unusual happeningsbcompare the reactions of animals and those of humanscprove that animals could sense more than humansdfind out what exact warnings animals sendunit 4earthquakes.单项填空1【解析】选d。得知对方女儿比赛获奖，应表示祝贺。2【解析】选a。句意为：尽管以前从未见过面，但我们谈得很投机，就好像是多年的老朋友似的。as if在此引导方式状语从句。3【解析】选c。damage多指对无生命物体的损害，造成降低价值、破坏功能等后果；destroy多指彻底地、毁灭性地破坏，不能或很难再修复；ruin多指因外部原因而受到严重破坏或毁灭，侧重破坏的彻底性。故选c项。4【解析】选a。hundred，thousand，million等数词与具体数字连用时，不能用复数，后也不跟介词of。5【解析】选c。“by过去时间”作状语时，句子用过去完成时。6【解析】选d。amused被逗笑的；amusing逗人笑的。如：burst inton.burst out doing sth.突然起来。burst into laughterburst out laughing突然大笑起来。7【解析】选c。此处ruin表示“毁掉(希望、机会)”。injure，wound，harm多指对“身心”的伤害、损伤。8【解析】选b。judging from/by.是固定短语，表示“根据来判断”。此种固定短语作状语，不需要与句子主语一致。9【解析】选a。根据句意可知定语从句的先行词是volunteers，故选a项。10【解析】选d。此处come to ones rescue表示“前来帮助某人”之意。11【解析】选a。express表示，表现，表达。后句句意：学会把意思表达清楚是受教育的一个重要方面。12【解析】选a。考查词义辨析。句意为：如果你考入一所重点大学，你就是父母的骄傲。pride骄傲；luck运气；value价值；cheer欢呼。由句意可知选a项。13【解析】选b。never be too careful to do sth.表示“无论多小心都不过分；越小心越好”。14【解析】选d。逗号后面的部分可以用which来引导非限制性定语从句，但选项中没有which。此处可用代词one作a pleasant thing的同位语。one后面跟有一个定语从句，由于引导词在从句中作prefer的宾语，故省略了。15【解析】选c。考查动词辨析。句意为：有些父母的保护性太强了，他们想保护自己的孩子免受任何形式的危险，不管这种危险是真实存在的还是想象的。shelter作动词可表示“保护，庇护”。spot“看见；注意到；发现”；dismiss “开除”；distinguish“区别”。.完形填空1【解析】选a。由首段内容可知，此处表示“秋天树叶颜色的变化”；故用transformation表示“改变”之意。而consistence是“一致性”，acceleration是“加速”，invention是“发明”。2【解析】选b。先行词是the reason，故用why引导定语从句，why在定语从句中作状语。3【解析】选b。“这样上帝就会识别现在是什么季节了。” tell是“识别，判断”之意；符合语境。4【解析】选a。“根据流传”，according to是“根据”之意，符合语境。而because of是“因为”，相当于as a result of；in view of 是“鉴于，考虑到”。5【解析】选b。drip是“滴落”，此处表示“血液滴到树叶上”。而flow是“流淌”，多与介词down连用，表示“沿着流淌”；rush是“急奔；急冲”；spray是“喷洒”。6【解析】选c。由后面的语境“.he heard in childhood.”以及“my mom told me it was because at night，”可知，此处是回忆以前的情况；recall是“回忆起；回想起”。而memorize是“记住”，remind是“提醒”，forget是“忘记”。7【解析】选c。先行词是night，故用when引导定语从句，相当于during which。8【解析】选c。“当人们睡着时，仙女们会出来而且粉刷它们。”paint 是“粉刷”之意，此处表示改变树叶的颜色。9【解析】选a。“对于树叶为什么改变颜色的科学解释。” why引导的是介词for的宾语从句，why在从句中作状语。10【解析】选c。“因为叶绿素的影响，叶子变为绿色。” thanks to“因为，由于”，符合语境。而as well as “也，和”；in addition to“除了外”；as to“关于，至于”。11【解析】选a。“叶绿素吸收太阳的光线从而加速光合作用的过程。” process是“过程”之意，符合语境。而function是“功能”，action是“活动”，effect是“效果；影响”。12【解析】选b。as引导的是时间状语从句，表示“当时候，在期间”，表示与主句动作同时进行。13【解析】选a。pull是“从中汲取”之意，此处表示“从土壤中汲取水分，从空气中汲取二氧化碳，从阳光中吸收能量。”而carry是“携带”；send是“输送”；catch是“抓住”。14【解析】选a。“随着白天在秋天越来越短，树叶停止进行光合作用”。grow是“变得”，为系动词，后面接形容词作表语。15【解析】选a。由“as the days.shorter in autumn.”可知，叶子应该是停止进行光合作用。16【解析】选c。“绿色的叶子其实是黄色的，你只是看不见而已。” just是“只是”之意；符合语境。17【解析】选c。“黄色色素其实一直都是存在在那里的。” all along 是“一直，自始自终” 之意，符合语境。而in the end是“最终”；all in all是“总而言之”；along with是“和一起”。18【解析】选b。由上文语境“green leaves are yellow.”以及“the yellow pigments are there all along，.”可知，“黄色一直存在，只是隐藏在了绿色的面纱下。”19【解析】选c。“它们只是在等叶绿素分解的机会”；chance 是“机会”，后面多接to do表示“干某事的机会”；而situation是“局势”，occasion是“场合”，case是“情况，案例”。20【解析】选c。“叶绿素被分解掉，所以黄色开始闪耀着光亮”；前后表示因果关系，故用so连接并列句。.阅读理解【解题导语】利用动物进行地震前的预测不失为一种好方法，种种事实表明，动物在地震之前往往先知先觉，它们的异常表现也许就是地震的征兆。1【解析】选b。作者意图题。文章开门见山地指出科学家们找到了预测地震的帮手动物，下文则详细分析了动物在地震前的异常反应，再结合最后一段中的内容可知作者希望探寻动物如何知道地震将要发生。2【解析】选c。细节理解题。根据第二段中的内容可知在1975年发生在中国的一次地震中，蛇提前从冬眠中苏醒，结果被冻死。3【解析】选a。细节理解题。根据第三段中的“.an arabian horse became very nervous and tried to break out of his enclosure.”可判断a项正确。4【解析】选c。推理判断题。第四段中提到动物的感觉比人类更敏锐，下文则用狗的实验进行例证，由此可推断c项正确。unit 5nelson mandelaa modern hero.单项填空1【解析】选a。答语的后一部分是委婉的拒绝，礼貌的说法是对于对方的建议先给予肯定。因而正确答案是a项。2【解析】选b。have an idea of.对了解；人名前面或后面有限制性的修饰语，前面可加不定冠词，表示在某时的状态。3【解析】选a。后面的信息felt helpless暗示“无人可求助”，因而选turn to。turn on打开；turn off关掉；turn over 翻转，移交。4【解析】选d。where引导的定语从句修饰先行词cases。当先行词为case，point，stage，position等抽象名词时，定语从句用关系副词where引导。5【解析】选d。only修饰时间状语从句，并位于句首时，主句要倒装，故选d项。6【解析】选a。devote time to sb.把时间花在某人身上。表示“花费(时间)”时，spend与介词in/on搭配。7【解析】选b。此处表示被动意义，be highly thought of意思是“受到高度评价”。8【解析】选c。escape表示“逃避，避免”时后接动词ing形式作宾语。此处逻辑主语the drunken driver与punish之间为被动关系，因而使用其被动形式。9【解析】选d。由前后句的转折意义看，d项正确，意为“事实上，实际上”。前后分句并无因果关系，因而排除a项。in a word总之；in return作为报答。10【解析】选b。reward报酬，奖金，符合句意。salary薪水；prize表示各种竞赛中获胜者所得到的奖励；pay工资，常作不可数名词。11【解析】选b。句意为：无论如何我都不能欺骗他这违背我做人的原则。本题考查名词辨析。principle常用复数形式，意为：(行为的)准则、规范。如：principles of conduct行为的准则。emotion情感，情绪；regulation规章，规则；opinion意见，看法，主张。12【解析】选c。accessible可接近的；reliable可靠的；generous慷慨的；potential潜在的。根据语境可知，c项正确。generous financial support慷慨的资金支持。13【解析】选d。先行词situation表示“情况”时，用关系副词where来引导定语从句。14【解析】选b。根据句意可知，whose指代先行词an earthquakes，表示人们依然深受