大三写作高级词汇表.doc

大三写作高级词汇表Educationparenting n. 家长对小孩的教育schooling n. 学校对学生的教育cultivate vt. 培养awareness/ sense/ recognition n. 意识creative/ original adj. 有创意的physical adj. 身体的psychological adj. 心里的peers n. 同龄人motivation n. 动力adapt to 适应discipline n. 学科，纪律memorize vt. 记忆acquire vt. 获得stimulating adj. 有趣的，令人思维活跃的Mediaprevalent/ pervasive adj. 无处不在的objective adj. 客观的biased adj. 不客观的celebrity n. 名人journalists n. 记者the press 新闻界coverage n. 报道misleading adj. 有误导性的dependable adj. 可靠地up-to-the-minute adj. 非常及时的sway vt. 媒体影响公众常用sway后面加宾语的结构informative adj. 信息量大的entertaining adj. 娱乐性强的Technologytransform vt. 改变，代替changebreakthrough n. 突破advance v./n. 发展potential n. 潜力information overload 信息爆炸enhance/ boost vt. 提高，增强innovation n. 创新，发明telecommunications n. 远程通讯productive adj. 高生产率的Governmentpriority n. 首要任务stability n. 稳定establish vt. 建立alleviate/ ease/ relieve vt. 减轻，缓解allocate money for sht. (or to sb.) 对拨款the authorities 当局ban/ forbid/ prohibit vt. 禁止scrutinize/ monitor vt. 监督regulate vt.规范，管理impose vt. 强加给（impose sth. on sb.）tax revenue 税收democratic adj. 民主的efficient adj. 高效率的demand vt./ n. 需求Tourismexpand ones outlook/ enlarge ones vision 开阔人的眼界conflicts/ clash n. 冲突explore vt. 探索promote/ facilitate vt. 促进tourist attraction 旅游点local residents 当地居民mutual understanding 相互了解enrich ones experience 丰富人的经历 Language the proliferation of 的大量扩散plays a dominant role in 在占统治地位go extinct 灭绝lesser-known languages 小语种the widespread use of 的广泛使用Cultureancestors n. 祖先descendants n. 后代cultural assimilation 文化同化indiscriminate adj. 盲目的time-honored n. 历史悠久的cultural heritage 文化遗产cultural diversity 文化多样性cultural identity 文化特征ethnic minorities 少数民族Developmentthe pace of life/ the tempo of life 生活节奏the gap between urban area and rural area 城乡差距eliminate vt. 消除inferior adj. 质量差的facilities n. 设施alienate adj. (人与人之间)疏远的materialistic adj. (人)物质化的，功利的the present situation/ the current situation/ the status quo 现状exterior n. (建筑的)外观function n. 功能Globalizationsweeping trends 席卷一切的潮流synthesize the Asia and the Western cultures 有机的结合东西方文化erode vt. 侵蚀（本土文化）universal adj. 普遍的isolated adj. 孤立的import vt./ n. 进口export vt./n. 出口Women domestic violence 家庭暴力gender equality 性别平等discrimination n. 歧视an enlightened society 一个开明的社会household chores 家务事be tied down by 被所拖累Familyfamily members 家庭成员personality clashes 性格冲突household n. 家庭的另一种写法affluent adj. 富裕的impoverished adj. 贫穷的community n. 社区family values 家庭观念generation gap 代沟family bond 亲情harmony n. 和谐Crimecrime/ offence/ criminal act n. 犯罪commit a crime 犯罪stringent adj. 严厉的punishment/ penalty n. 惩罚the crime rate/ the incidence of crime 犯罪率rampant adj. 猖獗的violate the law 违法restrict vt. 限制（自由等）impulsive adj. 冲动的consequence n. 后果circumstance n. 处境，状况reform/ rehabilitate criminals 改造犯罪Animalspreserve vt. 保护（某种资源）inhumane adj. 不人道的biodiversity n. 生物多样性companion n. 伙伴replacement/ alternative n. 替代物habitat n. 栖息地endangered species 濒危动物hide n. 兽皮Environmentsustainable development 可持续发展exploit/ harness (natural resources) 开采（自然资源）the ecosystem 生态系统disposable adj. 一次性的conserve vt. 节约deteriorate vt. （某种现象自身）恶化aggravate vt. （某种事物导致别的现象）使恶化discharge vt. 排放（污染物）contamination n. 污染consume/ deplete vt. 消耗（资源）eco friendly adj. 有益于环保的scarcity/ shortage n. 短缺Education培养 v. cultivate/ foster/ nurture身体的发育 physical growth/ physical development智力的发育 brain development/ mental development心里的发展 emotional development 心理健康 psychological well-being/ emotional health促进（某种发展）v. promote/ facilitate/ contribute to上学 attend school学习能力（先天的）n. aptitude the innate ability to learn sth.技能（后天培养的）an acquired skill学习知识 acquire knowledge/ obtain knowledge青少年 n. adolescent/ youngster/ youth小、中、大学教育 primary-level, secondary-level and tertiary-level education职业教育 vocational education (or vocational training)只有男生或女生的学校 single-sex school人文学科 n. humanities社会学科 n. social sciences自然学科 n. natural sciences工程学 n. engineering 艺术 n. arts大学里的学科（通称）discipline基础学科 basic sciences应用学科 applied sciences通才 n. generalist专才 n. specialist 全面的发展 adj. well-rounded/ versatile学校里面各门功课的总称 n. curriculum广泛的 a wide range of/ a wide variety of/ a wide array of理论知识 theoretical knowledge通过实验或者实践学到的知识 empirical knowledge科学实验 scientific experiment提供灵感 provide inspiration for sb./ sth.正面的榜样 a positive role model辛劳的任务 an arduous task/ a painstaking task/ a laborious task教学方法 a teachers approach to teaching/ a teaching (or pedagogical method)作业 homework/ assignment传授知识（或技能）impart knowledge (or skills) to students读写技能 literacy对某种技能掌握得非常熟练的 be proficient in sth./ be adept at sth.实践技能 practical skills/ hands-on skills就业技能 job skills/ employment skills/ employable (or marketable) skills招聘 recruit/ recruitment刚毕业的学生 fresh graduates很专业的知识与技能 highly specialized knowledge and skills/ expertise灌输（某种观念）instill (or inculcate) into students给学生动力 give the students motivation to do sth./ motivate the students to do sth.（家长或教师的）期望n. expectations(学生自身的)志向，追求 n. pursuit/ aspiration/ ambition竞争非常激烈的 adj. competitive 自信 n. self-confidence尊重学生的个性 respect students individuality/ respect individual differences in the classroom集中精力于某事物 focus on sth./ concentrate one sth.在理解的基础上学习 learn things through understanding应用 apply/ application结合vt. combine/ integrate/ incorporate独立的思考 think independently鼓励学生用辩证的眼光看问题 encourage students to think critically学生们对老师所教知识的掌握 students grasp (or command) of what has been taught评价老师的教学 appraise (or evaluate) teachers performance来自学生的反馈 students feedback/ students input激发（兴趣、想象力等）vt. kindle/ spark/ stimulate记忆某方面的知识 learn sth. by heart/ commit sth. to memory方程式、公式、定理、定律 equations, formulas, theorems and laws死记硬背 learn sth. by rote盲从 follow sth. blindly/ follow sth. indiscriminately用填鸭式教法教学生 force-feed the students限制孩子们创造力的发展 extinguish (or stifle/ constrain) childrens creativity打击学生们的积极性 dampen (or sap) the students enthusiasm/ frustrate the students抱怨、吐槽 complain about sth./ complaint (n.) about sth. 产生不必要的压力 cause unnecessary pressure/ create undue stress同龄人 peers来自同龄人的压力 peer pressure学生不应该只是被动接受知识的容器 Students should not be treated as passive receptacles of predigested ideas把学生们按不同的学习能力分班 assign students to different classes based on their abilities/ divide students according to their academic performance性格特征 personality traits/ character traits逆境 adverse circumstances/ adversity/ hardship 塑造某人的性格 mould (or shape) ones character适应 adapt to sth./ adjust oneself to sth./ become accustomed to sth.适应能力 n. adaptability责任感 a sense of responsibility (or duty/ obligation)合群的，善于社交的adj. sociable/ gregarious人际交往能力，沟通能力 interpersonal skills/ communication skills能够很好地适应社会生活的人 a well-adjusted individual参加