高考英语一轮总复习 第一部分 教材知识梳理 Unit 3 Computers练习 新人教版必修2.doc

unit 3computers (60分钟81分)part a一、阅读理解(共8小题;每小题2分,满分16分)achichi weighs only 13 pounds.“hes so tiny,i can carry him with one hand,” says mary lane.“most people see him and think hes useless.”but last october,chichi proved to be more than just a pretty face.mary and her husband,rick,were relaxing on the beach one afternoon while on vacation in north carolinas outer banks.as usual,chichi was lying on his blanket in his own little beach chair.“we had our noses buried in books,”recalls rick,“when suddenly the dog became extremely uneasy.his bark was different from anything we had heard before.and he would not let us ignore him.”chichi ran back and forth in front of his chair as if to run down the beach.the lanes sat up to see two elderly women in the ocean,about 100 yards down the beach and 10 feet off shore.one was on her back,her head under the waves.the other was struggling hard to keep her friends head above the surface.the lanes rushed across the sand and into the surf.rick went to the woman in danger of drowning,while mary held fast on to the other one and pulled her up on the beach.“then i went back to help rick,” mary says.“the sand dropped off steeply,and a riptide(激流)was beating the woman under.she was completely helpless.”not getting well from recent knee surgery,the woman had been unable to turn over or push herself up.“her friend had been in danger too,” mary says.“the waves were pushing her around.theres no way she could have held on much longer.”the women hadnt called out for help.“they were struggling so hard that there was no time for screaming,” mary recalls.“but chichi had sensed their danger.”duty done,chichi was back in his chair,asleep,by the time the two women were on dry ground and the lanes had returned to their blankets.luckily,the women were fine,though shaken.they thanked the lanes for saving their lives.back home in greensboro,north carolina,the lanes ordered a special collar with the words “hero dog” on it.1.when the two women were struggling in the ocean,what were the lanes doing?a.they were sleeping soundly.b.they were absorbed in reading.c.they were wiping their noses.d.they were bathing in the sun.2.why did chichi run back and forth in front of his chair?a.it sensed that a danger was upon them.b.it smelled there was a storm on the way.c.it was trying to draw its masters attention.d.there was something wrong with its master.3.why couldnt the woman get out of the water?a.she was bitten by a shark.b.her friend didnt offer help.c.she was too weak to stay awake.d.there was something wrong with her knee.4.what is the passage mainly about?a.how chichi became a “hero dog”.b.a pet dog was saved by two women.c.what is the best place to go on holiday?d.the lanes helped two strangers out of trouble.【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一只名叫chichi的宠物狗挽救了两名落海妇女的故事。1.b细节理解题。根据第三段首句可知,正当两个女人在大海中挣扎之时,lanes夫妇二人正在专心看书。故选b项。2.c推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“he would not let us ignore him”以及第四段中的“the lanes sat up to see two elderly women in the ocean”可知,chichi当时在海滩上跑来跑去,目的是吸引主人的注意。故选c项。3.d细节理解题。根据第六段第一句可知,那个女人的膝盖最近刚做过手术,所以她行动不便,不能摆脱困境。故选d项。4.a主旨大意题。纵观全文,文章主要讲述了一只名叫chichi的宠物狗挽救了两名落海妇女的“英雄事迹”。故选a项。bas internet users become more dependent on the internet to store information,are people remembering less?if you know your computer will save information,why store it in your own personal memory,your brain?experts are wondering if the internet is changing what we remember and how.in a recent study,professor betsy sparrow conducted some experiments.she and her research team wanted to know how the internet is changing memory.in the first experiment,they gave people 40 unimportant facts to type into a computer.the first group of people understood that the computer would save the information.the second group understood that the computer would not save it.later,the second group remembered the information better.people in the first group knew they could find the information again,so they did not try to remember it.in another experiment,the researchers gave people facts to remember,and told them where to find the information on the computer.the information was in a specific computer folder(文件夹).surprisingly,people later remembered the folder location(位置) better than the facts.when people use the internet,they do not remember the information.rather,they remember how to find it.this is called “transactive memory(交互记忆).”according to sparrow,we are not becoming people with poor memories as a result of the internet.instead,computer users are developing stronger transactive memories;that is,people are learning how to organize huge quantities of information so that they are able to access it at a later date.this doesnt mean we are becoming either more or less intelligent,but there is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing.(2015安徽高考)1.the passage begins with two questions to.a.introduce the main topicb.show the authors attitudec.describe how to use the internetd.explain how to store information2.what can we learn about the first experiment?a.the sparrows team typed the information into a computer.b.the two groups remembered the information equally well.c.the first group did not try to remember the information.d.the second group did not understand the information.3.in transactive memory,people.a.keep the information in mindb.change the quantity of information c.organize information like a computerd.remember how to find the information4.what is the effect of the internet according to sparrows research?a.we are using memory differently.b.we are becoming more intelligent.c.we have poorer memories than before.d.we need a better way to access information.【文章大意】本文是议论文。人们越来越依赖网络了。网络可以存储大量的信息,人们还需要用大脑去记忆吗?是不是我们的大脑记事情越来越难了?科学家对此进行了一些实验,来验证我们记忆内容和方式的变化。1.a推理判断题。文章主要讲述了网络是否引起了人们记忆内容和方式的变化。作者首先运用两个问题来导入要讲述的话题,因此a项正确。2.c细节理解题。根据第二段中的“people in the first group knew they could find the information again,so they did not try to remember it.”可知,因为知道电脑可以储存信息,第一组人员就没有去记忆这些信息。3.d细节理解题。根据第三段中的“when people use the internet,they do not remember the information.rather,they remember how to find it.”可知,在交互记忆中,人们更容易记住如何找到信息,而不是信息本身。4.a推理判断题。根据文章最后一句中的“but there is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing”可知,因为网络的使用,现在人们记忆的方式有很大改变。二、语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)scientists have discovered that 1.(stay) in the cold could help us lose weight.researchers at the university of california found that exposure to the cold increases levels of a protein that helps form brown fatthe type of fat that produces heat and keeps us warm.brown fat burns energy,2. helps us lose weight.white fat stores extra energy,which results 3. weight gain.the researchers said that because air conditioning and heating give us constant,4.(comfort) temperatures,our bodys need for brown fat has decreased.they found that outdoor workers in northern finland who 5.(expose) to cold temperature have 6. significant amount of brown fat when 7.(compare) to same-aged indoor workers.8. group was injected with the protein that helps create brown fat.this group later gained 30% less weight after both groups were fed high-fat diets.the researchers say this could be good news in the fight against obesity.people who are obese have 9.(low) levels of brown fat than thinner people.head researcher hei sook sul said,“this protein could become an important target for research into the treatment and prevention of obesity and obesity-related diseases.” she added,“if you can somehow increase levels of this protein,you could 10.(possible) lose more weight even if eating the same amount of food.”(2015太原五中二模)1.staying。用动名词staying作宾语从句的主语。2.which。关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句。3.in。result in是固定词组,意为“导致,引起”。4.comfortable。此处应用形容词作定语,修饰名词temperatures。5.are exposed。定语从句中缺少谓语。be exposed to为固定搭配,意为“暴露的,直接接触的”。6.a。a significant amount of为固定搭配,意为“许多,大量”。7.pared作状语从句中的谓语。compare to“与相比”。8.one。根据下文的“this group”以及“both groups”可知,应填one。9.lower。由后面的than可知应用比较级。10.possibly。此处应填副词possibly修饰动词lose。part b一、完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)due to a long series of unfortunate events,my mother is in a serious debt,a burden was left on her as a result of her divorce.because of the divorce,the legal and medical 1 it has left her with,she was unable to 2 a loan.she has done everything in her 3 to help keeping the house for my sisters and herself.since i was a child,my mother had always been the type of woman to 4 others needs before her own.for 13 years she 5 abused and neglected children to find a sanctuary(避难所) through foster care in our house.this was no 6 task as many of these children had 7 years of physical and emotional abuse from their parents.not long after my father became abusive,our mother was being physically and emotionally 8 daily before our eyes.the abuse 9 for some time before she was able to file for a divorce,10 to finally put an end to her 11.unfortunately,the divorce was not as 12 as one would expect.after ten years,the divorce was finalized and my mother was 13 to continue her life.due to 14 problems with her knee caused by the abuse,my mother was unable to work.the 15 left her with huge amounts of medical,legal and now property tax debts.she 16 her last bit of money into saving the house for my younger sisters and herself.as a 17 mother,she is the most inspirational woman i have ever met.despite the continuous turmoil(混乱),she has 18 formed a way to stay positive and 19.i am hoping to help her get back on her feet and 20 some much needed financial and emotional support.(2016安徽“江淮十校”联考)1.a.accidentsb.debtsc.teamsd.research2.a.take outb.put outc.make outd.think about3.a.dutyb.companyc.websited.power4.a.compareb.improvec.placed.support5.a.helpedb.remindedc.beatd.taught6.a.difficultb.easyc.merryd.casual7.a.feltb.takenc.stoodd.accepted8.a.inspiredb.criticizedc.blessedd.hurt9.a.pausedb.startedc.continuedd.argued10.a.refusingb.hopingc.regrettingd.managing11.a.painb.fatec.lifed.confusion12.a.slowb.practicalc.bitterd.quick13.a.proudb.ablec.unwillingd.tired14.a.mentalb.medicalc.technicald.energetic15.a.marriageb.journeyc.divorced.debate16.a.pouredb.wastedc.avoidedd.stole17.a.singleb.learnedc.nobled.lazy18.a.neverb.alwaysc.evend.hardly19.a.gratefulb.enjoyedc.optimisticd.patient20.a.reduceb.cancelc.confirmd.provide【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者的母亲历尽生活磨难,终于成功离婚后却还面临着沉重的债务,然而她依然乐观,不忘帮助他人。1.b由上文的“.my mother is in a serious debt,a burden was left on her as a result of her divorce.”可知本空应该填写debts。2.a由前文可知,母亲欠下很多债,因此不能得到贷款。take out a loan是固定短语,意为“贷款,借贷”。3.d由下文可知,母亲很坚强,她“竭尽所能”来保住房子。do everything in ones power是固定词组,意为“尽某人所能”。4.c此处意为“母亲总是把别人的需要放在自己的需要之前”,place.before.“把放在之前”。5.a由下文可知,母亲在家里照顾那些受到虐待和被忽视的孩子,帮助(helped)他们找到一个避难所。6.b由下文“.as many of these children had stood years of physical and emotional abuse from their parents.”可知这项任务“不容易”。7.c此处意为“这些孩子已经忍受了他们父母多年的身心虐待”,stand“忍受”,与abuse搭配,表示“忍受虐待”。8.d由下一段的“due to14problems with her knee caused by the abuse,my mother was unable to work.”可知母亲在心理上和身体上都受到了伤害。9.c句意:这种虐待持续了(continued)一段时间,后来母亲起诉离婚。pause“暂停”;argue “争辩”。10.b母亲起诉离婚时带着早日结束不幸婚姻的“希望”。现在分词作伴随状语,又表主动。11.a母亲精神和身体均受到伤害,所以希望结束这种痛苦。fate“命运”;confusion“困惑”。12.d根据本句中的“unfortunately ”以及下文的“after ten years”可知“不像预料的那么快”。13.b由上文的“the divorce was finalized”可知,母亲能够继续她的生活了。14.b由下文的“.problems with her knee caused by the abuse”可知本空应选b项。15.c由第一段可知,离婚后母亲欠下很多债务。16.a由上文可知,母亲乐于帮助他人。此处句意为 “把最后一点钱用在房子上,以便妹妹们和她自己有落脚处”。“pour ones money into”为固定词组,意为“把某人的金钱大量投入到”。17.a由上文的“after ten years,the divorce was finalized”可知母亲是单身妈妈了。18.b句意:尽管生活一直混乱不安,但是她总能找到办法保持积极乐观。19.c由空前的and可知,所填词与positive为并列对等关系,其他三个词均不符合语境。20.d由前一句的“i am hoping to help her get back on her feet”可推断,为母亲提供一些经济上和情感上的支持,是“我”想做的事情。二、七选五阅读填空(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)building trust in a relationship againtrust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences.1trust is a risk.but you cant be successful when theres a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.unfortunately,weve all been victims of betrayal.whether weve been stolen from,lied to,misled,or cheated on,there are different levels of losing trust.sometimes people simply cant trust anymore.2its understandable,but if youre willing to build trust in a relationship again,we have some steps you can take to get you there.3having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.4if youve been betrayed,you are the victim of your circumstance.but theres a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”.at some point in all of our lives,well have our trust tested or violated.you didnt lose “everything”.once trust is lost,what is left?instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle,look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life.5instead,its a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.(2015新课标全国卷)a.learn to really trust yourself.b.it is putting confidence in someone.c.stop regarding yourself as the victim.d.remember that you can expect the best in return.e.theyve been too badly hurt and they cant bear to let it happen again.f.this knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.g.seeing the positive side of things doesnt mean youre ignoring what happened.【文章大意】本文是说明文,介绍了如何在人际交往中再次建立信任。1.b根据空前一句及后文可知,这里是进一步说明信任的含义:信任就是对别人