广东省清远市高考英语单项选择和阅读理解一轮选练（3）.doc

广东省清远市2016高考英语单项选择和阅读理解一轮选练（3）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中，选出最佳选项。have you ever looked toward the sky on a fall day and witnessed a group of migrating birds? if so, you probably noted the v-shaped formation of the birds or the birds flying in a ball-like formation. why do birds fly this way? many theories have been developed to explain the formation patterns of different types of birds. one theory is that birds fly in certain formations to take advantage of the laws of nature. the birds know that flying in a v-shaped pattern will save energy. like the lead cyclist in a race who decreases wind force for the cyclists who follow, the lead bird cuts wind force for the birds that follow. this decrease in wind force means that the birds use up to 70 percent less energy during their flight. when the lead bird becomes tired, a more rested bird takes over that position. but saving energy is important for more than one reason. sometimes food is short during migration flights. keeping energy enables the birds to fly longer distances between meals. when food is sighted, the birds guide one another in a different way. when a bird identifies a familiar feeding area, it might turn around in order to signal the group to change direction. then, this bird becomes the new leader. it helps guarantee that other birds will know exactly where it is going. then the whole group makes a change in direction, gently streaming from the sky down to the ground. this formation is like an arrow pointing to the location of food. scientists have also studied the birds that sometimes fly in a ball-like formation. researchers believe that the birds come together if a predator（天敌） is spotted. the predator may then become impatient waiting for a single bird to fly away from the group. the birds will often dip and dive as a group, frustrating even the most persistent enemy. scientists report that this is a very effective method of defense against an attack. the birds care for their fellow fliers through teamwork. as transportation expert henry ford once said, “if everyone is moving forward together, then success takes care of itself.” when it comes to teamwork, these feathered fliers are a soaring success!1. according to the passage, we can learn that birds _. a. move faster than cyclists b. prefer to fly in a v formationc. are smarter than other animalsd. play different roles in a formation 2. when food is sighted, _.a. the group follows the discoverer b. the lead bird decides what to doc. the discoverer leaves the group d. the whole group forms a stream3. to protect themselves from attack, birds will _ .a. break into groupsb. come close together c. change directionsd. fly up and down4. which is the best title for the passage?a. a birds-eye view of teamwork.b. success takes care of itself. c. the strongest will survive.d. a science behind flying.【参考答案】14、dab a阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项。【2013界江苏省盐城中一模】antidepressant（抗忧郁）drugs such as prozac were viewed in the early 1900s as wonder pills that would remove depressive blues for good. but in the past five years, growing scientific evidence has shown these drugs work for only a minority of people. and now a research journal says that these antidepressants can make many patients depression worse. this alarming suggestion centres on the very chemical that is targeted by antidepressants-serotonin（血清素）. drugs such as prozac are known as selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors（or ssris）. their aim is to increase the level of this “feel-good” chemical in the brain. but the new research, published in the journal frontiers in evolutionary psychology, points out that serotonin is like a chemical swiss army knife, performing a very wide range of jobs in the brain and body. and when we start changing serotonin levels purposely, it may cause a wide range of unwanted effects. these can include digestive problems and even early deaths in older people, according to the studys lead researcher paul andrews. “ we need to be much more cautious about use of these drugs,” says andrews, an assistant professor of evolutionary psychology at mcmaster university in ontario, canada. previous research has suggested that the drugs provide little benefit for most people with mild depression, and actively help only a few of the most severely depressed. famous psychologist irving kirsch has found that for many patients, ssris are no more effective than a placebo pill. a research in 2010 on danish children found a small, but significant, increase in the risk of heart problems among babies whose mothers had used ssris in early pregnancy. the key to understanding these side-effects is serotonin, says andrews. serotonin is also the reason why patients can often end up feeling still more depressed after they have finished a course of ssri drugs. he argues that ssri antidepressants disturb the brain, leaving the patient an even greater depression than before. “after long use, when a patient stops taking ssris, the brain will lower its levels of serotonin production,” he says, adding that it also changes the way receptors in the brain respond to serotonin, making the brain less sensitive to the chemical. these changes are believed to be temporary, but studies indicate that the effects may continue for up to two years. most disturbingly of all, andrews review features three recent studies which, he says , show that elderly antidepressant users are more likely to die earlier than non-users, even after taking other important variables into account. one study, published in the british medical journal last year, found patients given ssris were more than 4 per cent more likely to die in the next year than those not on the drugs. “serotonin is an ancient chemical,” says andrews. “it is regulating many different processes, and when you disturb these things, you can expect that it is going to cause some harm.”stafford lightman, professor of medicine at the university of bristol, and a leading uk expert in brain chemicals and hormones, says andrews review highlights some important problems, yet it should also be taken with a pinch of salt. “this report is doing the opposite of what drug companies do,” he says. “drug companies selectively present all the positives in their research, while this search selectively presents all the negatives that can be found. nevertheless, andrews study is useful in that it is always worth pointing out that there is a downside to any medicine. ” professor lightman adds that there is still a great deal we dont know about ssris-not least what they actually do in our brains. when it comes to understanding why the drugs work only for a limited part of patients, u.s. scientists think they might now have the answer. they think that in many depressed patients, its not only the lack of feel-good serotonin causing their depression, but also a failure in the area of the brain that produces new cells throughout our lives. this area, the hippocampus, is also responsible for regulating mood and memory. research suggests that in patients whose hippocampus has lost the ability to produce new cells, ssris do not bring any benefit. 63. according to paragraph 2, serotonin, like a chemical swiss army knife, can .a. make many patients depression worse b. cause a wide range of unwanted effectsc. affect human body and brain in various ways d. provide little benefit for most depressed people64. in stafford lightmans opinion, .a. drug companies dont know the negative effect of antidepressantsb. andrews focused on different things from the drug companiesc. scientists have found what ssris do in the braind. andrews research has no medical value65. which of the following is true about ssris?a. they are used to increase the “feel-good” medical in the brain. b. they can work even when the hippocampus cant produce new cells. c. they create a risk of heart problems in pregnant women. d. they are responsible for controlling mood and memory.66. what is the text mainly about?a. the aim of drug companies. b. the function of ssris. c. the side-effects of antidepressants. d. the cause of depression. 【参考答案】6366、cbac 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项。【2013界江苏省盐城中一模】detective keeling took his client a good-looking lady into the back yard of the store together. the lady opened a door in the wall and they entered the small room behind the store. they crossed the room to a locked door.the detective went quickly to the policemans house. then the two men hurried to the jewellery store. they looked through the window. the policeman was surprised. he spoke to mr. keeling. “i dont understand. you told me, robbins took a young woman to a restaurant. where is she?”“there she is !” said mr. keeling. he pointed through the window.“do you know the lady with robbins?” asked the policeman.“thats his secret friend,” said mr. keeling.“no! youre wrong! thats robbins wife,” said the policeman. “ive known her for fifteen years.”“what ?” the detective shouted. his face became pale. “who is under the table in the store?”he started to kick the door of the jewellery store.mr. robbins came to the door and opened it. the policeman and the detective ran into the store.“look under that table!” shouted the detective. “be quick!”the policeman lifted the cloth and put his arm under the table. he pulled out a black dress, a black veil and a womans wig(假发).“is this young lady your wife?” mr. keeling asked the jeweler. he pointed at the woman.“yes! she is my wife !” said mr. robbins angrily. “why did you kick my door? why are those clothes under my table?”“please check all the jewellery in your store, mr. robbins,” the policeman said. “is anything missing?”some diamond rings and some expensive necklaces were missing. the missing jewellery was worth 800.later that night, mr. keeling was sitting in his office. he was looking through a big book of photographs. they were photographs of criminals. the policeman had brought the book to the detectives office. suddenly, mr. keeling stopped turning the pages. he looked at a picture of a handsome young man with a familiar face.the next morning, mr. keeling paid the jeweler 800, and then closed his office.67.at the beginning, the lady was able to go into the jewellery store because _.a. she went to the back yard and found the wayb. she was the owner of the store and had the keyc. two men helped her together to enter the stored. mr. keeling unlocked the back door to the store68.the young lady who stayed with mr. robbins in the jewellery store was actually _.a. mr. robbins sisterb. mr. robbins secret friendc. mr. robbins wifed. a clever thief69.it can be inferred from the passage that mr. keeling cooperated with his client _.a. so that he could get some jewellery from the storeb. because he thought he was helping the ladyc. because he wanted to play a joke on mr. robbinsd. so that he could get a job as a policeman70.the missing jewellery worth800 was in fact taken away by _.a. a young womanb. a young manc. a detectived. a policeman【参考答案】6770、dcbb2015高考英语（附解析答案）.单项填空1now most of the computers look_to each other in appearance，but in fact they are quite different.afamiliar bsimilar csame ddifferent解析考查形容词辨析。be familiar to为熟知；be similar to与相似。答案b2_around the fire，the tourists danced with the local people.agatherbto gathercgathering dto be gathering解析 句意：那些旅行者们聚在篝火周围和当地人一起跳舞。本句没有连词，可判断本题考查非谓语动词作状语，故首先排除a项；不定式作状语且置于句首时常作目的状语，不符合句意，故排除b、d两项；本题设空处作伴随状语，只有c项符合要求。答案 c3although she said it was nothing serious，i insisted that a doctor_at once.amust be sent for bbe sent forcis sent for dshould send for解析考查虚拟语气。insist表示“坚持”时，后面的宾语从句要用(should)do，该句为被动式。答案b4its not what we do once in a while _shapes our lives，but what we do consistently.awhich bthatchow dwhen解析 考查强调句型的用法。句意：影响我们生活的不是我们偶尔做什么，而是我们一贯做什么。强调部分是句子的主语，空格部分应是强调句型中的that，故选b项。答案 b5once he is_to do something，nothing can make him give it up.asatisfied bworriedcmade ddetermined解析考查形容词的辨析。句意：他一旦决定做某事，什么事情也不能让他放弃的。此处be determined to to sth意为“决定做某事”，符合句意。satisfied意为“满意的”；worried意为“不安的，担心的”；made意为“使，让”，均不符合句意。答案d6he trusts you，so only you can_him to give up that crazy idea.atempt bpersuadecadvise dtry to persuade解析句意：因此只有你能说服他放弃。persuade sb to do sth说服某人做某事。答案b7 in many peoples opinion，that company，though relatively small，is pleasant_.ato deal with bdealing withcto be dealt with ddealt with解析 在“主语beadj.不定式”句型中，作状语的不定式常用其主动形式表示被动意义，常用于此句型的形容词有：hard，difficult，easy，comfortable，interesting，heavy，dangerous，possible，pleasant等，be pleasant to deal with相处起来很融洽。答案 a8he thinks only of himself；he doesnt_other people.acare about bcare forccare of dcare to解析句意：他只想着自己，不关心别人。care about sb关心某人，符合句意。答案a9no matter what you do，you must_your mind_it.aput；to bke