六级翻译写作班讲义.pdf

根据教育部最新的六级考试大纲中公布的评分标准 汉译英翻译 部分共设 5 题 考试 时间 5 分钟 分值占考试总分数的 5 要求译文全局结构正确 自然 通顺 流畅且符合 英语表达习惯 恰当把握与处理句子的难点 达到翻译的要求 例如词组 被动语态 特殊 句型 从句的翻译等 一个句子是否能够正确翻译 取决于这个句子中的一些关键词 词组 句型以及语法结构的正确理解与自然表达 翻 译 1 四级翻译真题考点亦应全面掌握 2 规律性考点 语法和搭配 3 语法书应具备的特点 1 全面 包括最基础语法的讲解 2 有练习 非中 高考应试练习 商务印书馆 英语语法手册 薄冰修订第 5 版 上海外语教育出版社 大学英语 系列教材之 语法与练习 补充资料之汉译英专项练习 4 关键词与搭配考查范围及重点 大学英语积极词汇 1 动词 介词 2 动词 名词 3 介词 名词 二 大纲样题 Directions Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets 72 It was essential that 我们在月底签订合同 73 To our delight she 进大学一个月就适应了校园生活 本资料由五千网友情提供 请支持正版 w w w 5000w n e t 2 74 The new government was accused 未实现其降低失业率的承 诺 75 The workmen think 遵守安全规则很重要 76 The customer complained that no sooner 他刚试着使用这台机器 它 就不运转了 参考答案 参考答案 72 we sign the contract before the end of the month 73 adapted herself to campus life a month after entering college 74 of failure to fulfill its promise to reduce the unemployment rate 75 it very important to comply with follow the safety regulations 76 had he tried using the machine than it stopped working 三 汉译英评分标准三 汉译英评分标准 对译文的主要要求是 正确 和 表达清楚 对英语译文的其他方面不做过高的要求 具 体细节如下 1 整体内容和语言均正确 得 1 分 2 结构正确 但整体意思不确切或信息不全 得 0 5 分 3 整体意思正确但语言有错误 包括用词不当 得 0 5 分 4 整体意思完全错误 即使结构正确也不得分 5 添加不必要的词语时 如不影响句义 不扣分 如影响句义 应扣分 6 大小写错误及标点符号忽略不计 7 一题二译时 只按第一个译文给分 例 例 2007 年年 12 月月 82 题题 But for mobile phones 我们的通信就不可能如此迅速和方便 1 分分 1 our communication couldn t wouldn t be so fast and convenient 2 our communication couldn t wouldn t have been so fast and convenient 3 we couldn t communicate so fast and conveniently 4 it would be impossible for our communication to be so quick rapid and convenient 5 we could not get in touch with each other so quickly and conveniently 0 5 分分 1 our communication won t be so fast and convenient 2 our communication had not been so fast and convenient 3 the communication between us would not have been so fast and convienent 4 our communications won t be ripaid and convenient 0 分分 1 our information doesn t so fast and confent 本资料由五千网友情提供 请支持正版 w w w 5000w n e t 3 2 our mobile transfer can t so quickly and candy 四 汉译英应试原则和做题程序四 汉译英应试原则和做题程序 1 应试原则 手法灵活 如遇难译之处 换用其它相近说法表达 语法正确 避免时态 语态 单复数等语法错误 内容忠实 必须把原文的内容准确而完整地表达出来 不得有任何歪曲 遗漏或增删 语言闪光 译文符合英语表达习惯 且用词准确 多样 2 做题程序 1 理解 通读并透彻理解原文含义 2 翻译 确定译文句子的时态 句型 结构和用词 3 审校 首先检查译文是否正确地转述了原文内容 是否有错译和漏译 其次 检查是否 有语言上的明显错误 如时态 语态 单复数 拼写 大小写 标点符号等 发 现错误 及时改正 五 汉译英历年真题五 汉译英历年真题 2010 年 12 月 2010 年 12 月 82 There is no denying that you 越仔细越好 in dealing with this matter 83 Only when I reached my thirties 我才意识到读书是不能被忽视的 84 Much 使研究人员感到惊讶 the outcome of the experiment was far better than they had expected 85 Oh my I can t find my key 我一定是把它放在哪儿了 86 I 宁愿加入你们去做义工 than go to the beach for a holiday 2010 年 6 月 2010 年 6 月 82 他们的独生儿子从未想过 to leave them and strike out on his own though he is in his late twenties 83 Before you take any action please remember to 权衡你的决定会产 生的后果 84 He assured his friend that under no circumstances 他会违背还钱的承诺 85 Most educators advise that kids 不要沉溺于电脑游戏 86 Business major as he is he has 从未考虑过从事推销员的工作 2009 年 12 月 2009 年 12 月 82 How long does a jacket like this last me 这要看你多长时间穿一次 83 The theory he advanced has proved 对许多传统观念的一种挑战 84 The manager 本可以亲自参加会议 but he was called away by some urgent business abroad 85 Both research and practical experience have shown that a 均衡的饮食对 健康是必不可少的 86 Much 我感到遗憾 I was unable to finish the work on time 本资料由五千网友情提供 请支持正版 w w w 5000w n e t 4 2009 年 6 月 2009 年 6 月 82 With the oil prices ever rising she tried to talk 说服他不买车 83 保持幽默感有助于 reduce stress and promote creative thinking in today s competitive society 84 When confronted with the evidence 他不得不坦白自己的罪行 85 When people say I can feel my ears burning it means they think 一定有人在说他们的坏话 86 She has decided to go on a diet but finds 很难抵制冰淇淋的诱惑 2008 年 12 月 2008 年 12 月 82 He designed the first suspension bridge which 把美观与功能完美地结合起来 83 It was very dark but Mary seemed to 本能地知道该走哪条路 84 I don t think it advisable that parents 剥夺孩子们的自由 to spend their spare time as they wish 85 Older adults who have a high level of daily activities have more energy and 与 不那么活跃的人相比死亡率要低 86 Your resume should attract a would be boss attention by demonstrating 为什么 你是某个特定职位的最佳人选 2008 年 6 月 2008 年 6 月 82 We can say a lot of things about those 毕生致力于诗歌的人 they are passionate impulsive and unique 83 Mary couldn t have received my letter 否则她上周就该回信了 84 Nancy is supposed to 做完化学实验 at least two weeks ago 85 Never once 老两口互相争吵 since they were married 40 years ago 86 一个国家未来的繁荣在很大程度上有赖于 the quality of education of its people 2007 年 12 月2007 年 12 月 82 But for mobile phones 我们的通信就不可能如此迅速和方便 83 In handling an embarrassing situation 没有什么比幽默更有帮助的了 84 The Foreign Minister said he was resigning 但他拒绝进一步解释这样做的 原因 85 Human behavior is mostly a product of learning 而动物的行为主要依靠 本能 86 The witness was told that under no circumstances 他都不就该对法庭说 谎 2007 年 6 月2007 年 6 月 82 The auto manufacturers found themselves 正在同外国公司竞 争市场的份额 83 Only in the small town 他才感到安全和放松 84 It is absolutely unfair that these children 被剥夺了受教育的权 本资料由五千网友情提供 请支持正版 w w w 5000w n e t 5 利 85 Our years of hard work are all in vain 更别提我们花费的大 量金钱了 86 The problems of blacks and women 最近几十年受到公众相 当大的关注 2006 年 12 月 2006 年 12 月 72 If you had 听从了我的忠告 你就不会陷入麻烦 73 With tears on her face the lady 看着她受伤的儿子被送进手术室 74 After the terrorist attack tourists 被劝告暂时不要去该国旅游 75 I prefer to communicate with my customers 通过写电子邮 件而不是打电话 76 直到截止日他才寄出 his application form 六 汉译英历年真题答案及解析六 汉译英历年真题答案及解析 2010 年 12 月 2010 年 12 月 82 can never be too careful cannot be too careful 考点 搭配 越 越好 再 也不为 过 即 can never be too cannot be too adj 83 did I realize that reading cannot be neglected 考点 only 引导的状语或状语从句置于句首 主句用部分倒装 84 to the researchers surprise 考点 搭配 to one s surprise 即 使 惊讶的是 85 I must have left it somewhere 考点 对过去事情的肯定的猜测 即 must have done 86 would rather join you to work as volunteers 考点 结构 宁愿 也不 即 would rather do rather than do 搭配 join sb 加入某人 及 work as 做某工作 2010 年 6 月 2010 年 6 月 82 Their only single son has never attempted contrived 考点 搭配 attempt to do 或 contrive to do 或不定式作动词宾语 83 weigh the possible result of your decision 或 think over the consequence that your decision might generate 考点 单词或定语从句 84 would he break go back on his promise to return the money 考点 搭配 break go back on one s promise 和否定词位于句首的倒装句 85 should not be addicted to computer games 考点 搭配 be addicted to 和表示 建议 命 令 要求 等词后的从句用虚拟语气 86 never considered working as a promoter 或 never thought of taking the job of a promoter 考 点 单词和动名词作动词或介词宾语 2009 年 12 月 2009 年 12 月 82 It depends on how often you wear it 语法考点 宾语从句 错 It depends on how often will you put it on 83 a challenge to many traditional concepts 考点 单词 错 conflicts to ordinary tradition theories 84 could have attended the meeting in person 语法考点 could have done 表示 本可以 本资料由五千网友情提供 请支持正版 w w w 5000w n e t 6 或 本能够 错 be supposed to join the meeting 85 balanced diet is essential to health 考点 单词 错 balance diet is necessity to the health healthy 86 to my regret 考点 搭配 让某人感到遗憾的是 即 to sb s regret 错 to my pity sorry I thought sorrow I feel regrets me 2009 年 6 月 2009 年 6 月 82 him out of buying a car 考点 搭配 talk sb out of doing sth 和动名词作介词宾语 83 Keeping a sense of humor helps 考点 单词及动名词作主语 84 he had no choice but to confess his crime 考点 单词与搭配 confess one s crime 85 somebody must be speaking ill of them 考点 搭配 speak ill of sb 及情态动词表示判断 86 it hard to resist the temptation of ice cream 考点 搭配 resist the temptation 不定式作宾语 及 it 作形式宾语 2008 年 12 月 2008 年 12 月 82 combined combines beauty with function in a perfect way perfectly 考点 搭配 combine with 83 know which way to take by instinct instinctively 考点 疑问词 不定式 作宾语 搭配 by instinct 84 should deprive children of their freedom 考点 名词从句中的虚拟语气 搭配 deprive of 85 a lower death rate compared with in comparison with those less active 考点 比较级 搭配 compared with in comparison with 86 why you are the best candidate for a particular position 考点 宾语从句 单词 2008 年 6 月 2008 年 6 月 82 who have devoted their whole life to poetry 重点考查搭配 devote to 答案也可以是 devoting their whole life to poetry 83 or she would should have answered it replied last week 重点考查虚拟语气 84 have completed finished her chemical experiment 重点考查不定式的完成时 85 have the old couple quarreled with each other 重点考查否定词位于句首的倒装 86 The prosperity of a nation in the future depends relies to a great extent on 重点考查搭配 depends relies on to a great extent 或 to a large degree 2007 年 12 月2007 年 12 月 82 our communication couldn t wouldn t be so fast and convenient 83 nothing is more helpful than a sense of humor 84 but he refused to elaborate on the reasons 85 whereas animal behavior depends mainly on instinct 86 should he lie to the court 2007 年 6 月 2007 年 6 月 82 competing for market shares with foreign companies 考点 1 find sb doing sth 该结构中用现在分词形式作宾语补语 本资料由五千网友情提供 请支持正版 w w w 5000w n e t 7 考点 2 compete for sth with sb 83 does he feel safe and relaxed 考点 only 引导的状语位于句首 句子部分倒装 84 should be deprived of the right to education should be denied the right to education 考点 1 虚拟语气 其实该句不用虚拟应该也可以得分 考点 2 deprive sb of sth deny sb sth 85 not to mention the large amounts of money we have spent 考点 not to mention 和 定语从句 86 have drawn considerable public attention in the past decades 考点 draw one s attention considerable public decade 2006 年 12 月 2006 年 12 月 72 followed my advice you would not have been in trouble 73 watched her wounded son being sent into the operating room 74 were advised not to go traveling in that country for the present 75 by writing email instead of calling 76 It was not until the deadline that he sent 或 Not until the deadline did he send 七 汉译英专项练习七 汉译英专项练习 1 虚拟语气虚拟语气 1 If you had 听从了我的忠告 你就不会陷入麻烦 2006 12 72 2 如果他按照我告诉他的办法订票 we would have had quite a comfortable journey 3 I was to have made a speech 要不是有人把我的话打断了 4 如果明天下雨 we should cancel the match 5 It didn t rain last night 要是下了 地就会湿的 6 如果我一直住在纽约 I would know the U S well now 7 If the doctor had not come in time 他现在就不在人间了 8 But for mobile phones 我们的通信就不可能如此迅速和方便 2007 12 82 9 But for his help 我们就不会以这么低的价格租到房子了 10 Mary couldn t have received my letter 否则她上周就该回信了 2008 6 83 11 I used my calculator 否则 我会花更长的时间才能算出这道题 12 Were I in your place 我会毫不犹豫地抓住机会 13 Had it not been for their opposition 这项法案早就通过了 14 Should there be another world war 人类的继续存在就会有危险 15 We insist that 让杰克立刻进医院 16 Most educators advise that kids 不要沉溺于电脑游戏 2010 6 85 17 It was advised that 在居民区设立更多的流动商店 18 His proposal was that 他们成立一个专门委员会来检查这个问题 19 We are going to discuss his suggestion that 取消期中考试 20 It is ridiculous that 我们在一个总是下雨的国家还缺水 本资料由五千网友情提供 请支持正版 w w w 5000w n e t 8 21 It is essential that 每个人都为紧急情况做好准备 22 It is absolutely unfair that these children 被剥夺了受教育的权利 2007 6 84 23 I don t think it advisable that parents 剥夺孩子们的自由 to spend their spare time as they wish 2008 12 84 24 I wish 我年轻的时候有你们这样的机会 25 If only 他知道这病是可以治好的 Then he would not have killed himself 26 Would you like him to paint your door with yellow stars I d rather he 漆成蓝色的 而且不带任何装饰 27 It s high time that 采取措施解决交通堵塞的问题 28 Hugh usually talks 仿佛在大会上发表演说似的 29 He walked lightly 以免惊醒婴儿 2 倒装句倒装句 1 直到截止日他才寄出 his application form 2006 12 76 2 The witness was told that under no circumstances 他都不就该对法庭说 谎 2007 12 86 3 He assured his friend that under no circumstances 他会违背还钱的承诺 2010 6 84 4 Never once 老两口互相争吵 since they were married 40 years ago 2008 6 85 5 Scarcely had she fallen asleep 一阵敲门声就把她吵醒 6 No sooner had Anne arrived 就生病了 7 The husband was not hospitable to the visitor 他妻子也没说一句欢迎的 话 8 Only in the small town 他才感到安全和放松 2007 6 83 9 Only when I reached my thirties 我才意识到读书是不能被忽视的 2010 12 83 10 Only then 那个医生才意识到他的病人需要手术 11 Only when you adjust down your price 我们才能做成这笔买卖 3 倍数增减的表示法倍数增减的表示法 1 Force N1 比力 N2 大 2 5 倍 2 This substance 反应速度是另外那种物质的三倍 3 The earth 是月球大小的 49 倍 4 The landlord 想将租金提高三分之一 5 They 计划将投资增加一倍 4 时态时态 1 The problems of blacks and women 最近几十年受到公众相当大的关注 2007 6 86 2 Be quick 否则等我们到达教堂时婚礼就已经结束了 本资料由五千网友情提供 请支持正版 w w w 5000w n e t 9 3 When she got home 孩子们已经睡着了 4 When I prepare for the college entrance examination 我姐姐将在海边度 假 5 I 一上午都在修改我的简历 6 Do you often go on holiday 不 我已经有五年没有度假了 7 He joined the army in October 2001 他参军已五年了 5 被动语态被动语态 1 The blackboard and chalk 正在被电脑和投影机所取代 2 The book 到今年年底就将已出版 3 Computer models 可以用来演示细胞工作的方式 4 When the bill of fare was brought 我惊呆了 价格大大超出了我的预 料 5 必须立即采取有效措施 to eliminate sandy storms 6 情态动词情态动词 1 The phone is ringing 但是没人接听 她一定不在家 2 I can t find my sunglasses 我可能昨天落在咖啡店里了 3 You screamed in your sleep last night 你一定梦见什么可怕的东西了 4 Oh my I can t find my key 我一定是把它忘在哪儿了 2010 12 85 5 When people say I can feel my ears burning it means they think 一定有人在说他们的坏话 2009 6 85 6 It s a pity 你本应该邀请她来参加你的毕业典礼的 7 其实我没必要穿上我最好的套装去参加那次聚会的 most of the guests were wearing jeans and sweaters 8 The manager 本可以亲自参加会议 but he was called away by some urgent business abroad 2009 12 84 7 不定式不定式 1 It was a great achievement 10 个月建成一栋 24 层的楼 2 It is necessary 我们在考试前好好地睡一晚上觉 3 It is generous 你把这么多钱捐给灾区人民 4 The teacher decided 不惩罚那些上课迟到的学生 5 他们的独生儿子从未想过 to leave them and strike out on his own though he is in his late twenties 2010 6 81 6 Mr Green was wondering 是否去看望在法国的儿子 7 It was very dark but Mary seemed to 本能地知道该走哪条路 2008 12 83 8 The gardener 刚才警告我不要在中午给花浇水 9 We 请他给我们做有关现代艺术的讲座 10 After the terrorist attack tourists 被劝告暂时不要去该国旅 游 2006 12 74 11 He feels it challenging 在这么大一所大学做学生会主席 12 She has decided to go on a diet but finds 很 本资料由五千网友情提供 请支持正版 w w w 5000w n e t 10 难抵制冰淇淋的诱惑 2009 6 86 13 We hope to have more opportunities 把我们在课堂上学到的东西应用 于实践 14 The bad weather 破坏了我们在露天放电影的计划 15 The environmentalists are against 在郊区建一座核电站的决定 16 Sally Ride was the first 探索外部空间的美国妇女 17 They lifted a rock 结果砸了自己的脚 18 He was surprised 在这个山村遇见一个中学同学 19 I am sorry 占用了您这么多时间 20 Nancy is supposed to 做完化学实验 at least two weeks ago 2008 6 84 21 I happened 在他冲进来的时候站在门口 22 She doesn t like 被当作客人 23 If you want to save money you d better 到校园书店买旧书 24 We did nothing 除了整天打桥牌 25 We were made 进屋之前在垫子上擦擦脚 8 分词分词 1 With tears on her face the lady 看着她受伤的儿子被送进手术 室 2006 12 73 2 The auto manufacturers found themselves 正在同外国公司竞争 市场的份额 2007 6 82 3 This is the first time that I heard 用意大利语唱 祝你生日快乐 4 The cars 停在消防通道的 will be ticketed 5 The war went on for years 夺去了成千上万人的生命 6 The farmers used a new insecticide thus 将平均产量提高了 15 7 Einstein watched the toy in delight 想推导出它的运转原理 8 看到大家都在聚精会神地看书 we stopped talking and began to study 9 被这个男孩的事迹深深打动了 they decided to pay for his education 10 从一个年轻朋友的眼光来看 Einstein was a simple modest and ordinary man 11 好久没有收到父母的来信了 he was worried about them 9 动名词动名词 1 每天洗冷水澡 does him a lot of good 2 保持幽默感有助于 reduce stress and promote creative thinking in today s competitive society 2009 6 83 3 They tried to avoid 让女儿做她不喜欢的事情 4 Developing varieties is the key to 使我们的产品进入国际市场 5 Business major as he is he has 从未考虑过从事推销员的工作 2010 6 86 6 With the oil prices ever rising she tried to talk 说服他不买车 2009 6 82 7 It is no use 为洒了的牛奶而哭泣 本资料由五千网友情提供 请支持正版 w w w 5000w n e t 11 8 He denied 偷看了同桌的试卷 9 We congratulated her on 被提升为经理 10 非谓语动词用法区别非谓语动词用法区别 1 Success means 非常努力地工作 2 John meant 开车去那儿 但他的车出了故障 3 I heard him 在跟他的母亲谈话 4 I heard him 跟他的母亲谈了一个小时 5 He jumped into the pool to save the child 结果却摔断了自己的腿 6 He jumped from the burning house 摔断了双腿 7 He was happy 看到父母很健康 8 看到父母安然无恙 he issued a sigh of relief 9 跟随着它的脚印 the zoologists spotted the hungry panda 10 The pop 后面跟着两个保镖 came to meet his fans 11 名词从句名词从句 1 他们为什么离开家乡去云南 is still a secret 2 最让我不解的 was that he spoke English so well 3 这么做是故意的 became obvious 4 It is not clear yet 谁应该为这件事负责 5 It is none of your business 玛丽与谁订婚 6 Your resume should attract a would be boss attention by demonstrating 为什 么你是某个特定职位的最佳人选 2008 12 86 7 Don t put off till tomorrow 今天能做的事 8 This novel is just 我一直在寻找的 9 It is not yet known 机器人是否有一天能拥有象人一样的视力 10 她是否喜欢那个礼物 is not clear to me 11 My main problem right now is 我是否应该请求另一笔贷款 12 It all depends on 他们是否会支持我们 13 You have yet to answer my question 我是否可以指望你的投票 14 Finally the workers got an answer 政府做不了什么事来提高他们工资 15 Obviously there was little certainty 主席会同意他的提议 12 定语从句定语从句 1 Our years of hard work are all in vain 更别提我们所花费的大量金钱 了 2007 6 85 2 We can say a lot of things about those 毕生致力于诗歌的人 they are passionate impulsive and unique 2008 6 82 3 Everyday many tourists come to visit 鲁迅出生的那栋房子 4 The old lady died 在她儿子到达的那天 5 This is 我赞成这一改革的理由 6 Let ABC be 一个三边不等长的三角形 7 Some of the roads were flooded 这使我们的旅程更为艰难 8 He introduced me to his students 他们大部分是英语专业的学生 本资料由五千网友情提供 请支持正版 w w w 5000w n e t 12 9 众所周知 water is a liquid 13 状语从句状语从句 1 不管我们谈论什么 Jim brings polities into the discussion 2 不管哪一方获胜 I shall be satisfied 3 不管观众中的一些人如何使劲地难为他 the comedian always had a quick sharp reply 4 We climbed high 这样我们就可以看到更好的风景 5 The problem so very complicated 花了我们两个周才解决 6 You can go out 只要你答应晚上 11 点以前回来 7 I remember the whole thing 仿佛是昨天发生的 14 比较级最高级比较级最高级 1 In handling an embarrassing situation 没有什么比幽默感更有帮助的 了 2007 12 83 2 Older adults who have a high level of daily activities have more energy and 与 不那么活跃的人相比死亡率要低 2008 12 85 3 Does she dance 跟她姐姐一样地优美 4 The buildings look 在伦敦比在这儿难看得多 5 This is 他画的最好的画之一 6 The higher you climb 空气就越稀薄 15 强调句强调句 1 正是 Jefferson 写下了 the Declaration of Independence 2 作者是带着真挚的情感 praises all that is progressive 3 直到截止日他才寄出 his application form 2006 12 76 4 正是因为水涨了 we could not cross the river 5 人们听见正是 Jim 这个无情的家伙 shouting at his mother in the dead of night 6 直到我告诉她 Mrs Williams knew anything about it 16 固定搭配固定搭配 1 We have to account to our employer 我们出差过程中所花的每一笔 钱 2 You can apply this principle 你将从事的任何一项事业 3 He is now accustomed 被称为 大城市里来的文明人 4 He had been addicted 打网络游戏长达三年 before he committed the crime and was put into prison 5 I have been fed up 这儿令人厌烦的日常例行事务和沉闷的工作气氛 17 搭配准确 经常收集搭配 1 adj n 显著的进步 remarkable striking progress 本资料由五千网友情提供 请支持正版 w w w 5000w n e t 13 巨大的损失 substantial loss 拥堵的交通 heavy traffic 2 v n 达到目的 achieve one s end attain one s goal 获取知识 acquire knowledge 传播疾病 transmit diseases 3 v prep 剥夺 deprive sb of sth 充斥 be flooded with 4 v adv 大幅度地增长 expand dramatically 八 汉译英专项练习答案及解析八 汉译英专项练习答案及解析 1 虚拟语气虚拟语气 1 followed my advice you would not have been in trouble 考点 在非真实条件句中用过去完成式表示与过去的事实相反 2 If he had booked tickets in the way I told him 考点 同上 3 if I had not b