（预讲练结四步教学法）高中英语 Unit 4 Pygmalion总结 新人教版选修8.doc

【预讲练结】人教版选修八 unit 4 pygmalion总结词汇详解：一.词语辨析 1.adapt/adopt【解释】adaptv.使适应，改编thisnovelhasbeenadaptedforradiofromtherussianoriginal.这部小说已由俄文原著改编成无线电广播节目。adoptv.采用，收养，接受havingnochildrenoftheirowntheydecidedtoadoptanorphan.他们因没有亲生儿女，所以决定领养一个孤儿。【练习】用adapt与adopt的正确形式填空。1).youmust_tothenormsofthesocietyyoulivein.2).paulsmotherhadhim_becauseshecouldntlookafterhimherself.3).thismachinehasbeenspecially_forunderwateruse.4).thesestylescanbe_tosuitindividualtastes.5).weshould_theconsumerssuggestion.keys:1).adapt2).adopted3).adapted4).adapted5).adopt2.ignore/neglect/overlook【解释】ignorev.忽视，不理睬，指有意识地拒绝+sb/sth；neglectv.忽视，忽略，疏忽，指无意识地忽视或忘记+sb/sth+todo；overlookv.忽略，疏漏，指有意识地或无意识地忽略、遗漏或不采取行动。【练习】选择neglect，overlook，ignored填空。1).shesawhimcomingbutshe_him.2).he_tomakerepairsinhishouse.3).themother_herlittleboysbadbehavior.keys:1).ignored2).neglected3).overlooked3.luck/fortune/destiny/fate【解释】luck意为“命运，运气”。fortune意为“命运”，多含变幻无常的意味。destiny强调命中注定，是天意。fate多比喻不幸或死亡，含宿命的意味。【练习】选择luck，fortune，destiny，fate填空。1).shetoldmy_byreadingmypalm.2).ihopethischarmwillbringyou_.3).ameetingtodecidethe_ofthefactoryistobeheldtoday.4)._drewustogether.keys:1).fortune2).luck3).fate4).destiny二.词性变化1.comfortn.舒适；安慰vt.使舒适；安慰，慰问comfortableadj.舒服的uncomfortableadj.不舒服的，不自在的comfortablyadv.舒适地uncomfortablyadv.不舒服地；难受地2.classifyvt.把.分类，把.分级classificationn.分类，分级；类别，级别3.betrayvt.出卖；背叛betrayaln.u出卖，辜负，暴露betrayern.出卖者4.superioradj.上级的，较高的n.上级，长官superiorityn.优越(性)，优等5.troublen.麻烦，困难vt.麻烦vi.费力troublesomeadj.令人烦恼的，麻烦的6.pronouncevt.发音；宣布pronunciationn.发音【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。1).thehotelismodernand_(comfort)furnished.2).shealwaysfeltslightly_(comfort)inahat.3).wewillneverforgivehis_(betray).4).sheworkswellwiththosesuperior_(介词)herinthefirm.5).theeconomyhasbecomea_(trouble)issuefortheconservativeparty.6).wehadnotrouble_(find)theaddress.7).thebooksinthelibrary_(classify)accordingtosubject.8).onlyelevenoftheseaccidentswereclassified_(介词)major.9).shedoesntlikehavingher_(pronounce)corrected.keys:1).comfortably2).uncomfortable3).betrayal4).to5).troublesome6).finding7).areclassified8).as9).pronunciation三.重点词汇1.adaptationn.c改编adaptvt.使适应(合)；修改,改编vi.(to)适应典例1).theplayisanadaptationofashortnovel.这部戏剧是一部短篇小说的改编本。2).theadaptationofanimalstotheenvironmentisratherslow.动物对环境的适应是相当慢的。重点用法adaptationto对.的适应adaptoneselfto使适应；使适合练习根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。1).hetriedhardto_himself_(使自己适应)thenewconditions.2).hemadeaquick_(适应了)thenewenvironment.3).whentheymovedtocanada,thechildren_thechangeverywell.keys:1).adapt;to2).adaptationto3).adaptedto2.hesitatevi.犹豫，踌躇，不愿hesitationn.u,c踌躇；犹豫不决典例1).hehesitatedbeforeheansweredbecausehedidntknowwhattosay.他在回答之前犹豫了一下，因为他不知道说什么。2).donthesitateaboutthat.doitatonce.对于那件事不要再犹豫了。马上去做吧。重点用法hesitatetodosth.做某事犹豫不决hesitateabout(doing)sth.对某事犹豫不决练习根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词。1).hewasstill_overwhethertojointheexpedition.2).hedidnothesitate_(ask)hertositbesidehim.3).withoutany_(hesitate),hejumpedintotherivertosavethedrowningchild.4).theresnoroomfor_(hesitate).keys:1).hesitating2).toask3).hesitation4).hesitation3.mistakenadj.犯错的，错误的mistaken.&v.错误，过失；弄错，误解，把.误认为典例1).youaremistakenabouthim你误会他了。2).itcanthavebeenmycar.youmustbemistaken.那不可能是你的车。你肯定错了。 重点用法bymistake错误地mistakefor被误认为是mistakein在.的错误makeamistake犯错误练习根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词。1).someonemusthaveleftthedooropen_mistake.2).wemayhavemadeamistake_ourcalculations.3).tomdidntmakeasinglespelling_inhiscomposition.4).you_mymeaningentirely.5).hewas_fortheminister.6).ivansworkisalwaysfullof_.keys:1).by2).in3).mistake4).mistook5).mistaken6).mistakes4.condemnvt.判刑，谴责，宣告.不适用condemnationn.u,c谴责，指责，定罪典例1).wecondemnhisfoolishbehavior.我们谴责他的愚蠢行为。2).thecriminalwascondemnedtodeath.那个罪犯被判处死刑。重点用法condemnsb./sth.谴责某人/某事becondemnedto判以.刑；使.注定练习根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词。1).sheknewthatsocietywould_herforleavingherchildren.2).therewaswidespreadinternational_(condemn)ofthebombing.3).hewasfoundguiltyandcondemned_death.keys:1).condemn2).condemnation3).to5.acquaintancen.u相识；熟悉；熟知n.c相识的人，熟人acquaintvt.使熟知，告知典例1).ihavesomeacquaintancewiththerussian.我懂一点儿俄语。2).shewasacasualacquaintanceinvienna.她是我在越南的一个熟人。重点用法makeonesacquaintance=maketheacquaintancewithsb.结识某人acquaintsb.wth.使某人认识/了解.练习根据句子的意思在横线上填入适当的词。1).themusicianhadlittleacquaintance_modernscience.2).iamdelightedto_youracquaintance.3).shehasmany_inthebusinesscommunity.4).ihavesomeacquaintance_spanish.5).ineedto_myselfwiththenewregulations.keys:1).with2).make3).acquaintances4).with5).acquaint6.fortunen.u命运；运气；机会c财产，财富fortunateadj.幸运的，幸福的典例1).shehadthegoodfortunetobefreefromillness.她运气好，没得病。2).itisbelievedthatitwillbringgoodfortuneinthecomingyear.据说它还能为人们在新的一年里带来好运气。重点用法makeafortune发财seekonesfortune外出找出路tryonesfortune碰运气befortunatetodosth.indoingsth.幸运做某事练习根据句子的要求翻译。1).he_(发了财)bysellinghouses.2).she_(寻求她的财富)inanothercountry.3)._(不幸的是),thefirespreadquidklyafterithadstarted.keys:1).madeafortune2).soughtherfortune3).unfortunately四.重点词组1.passsb.offas.把某人改变或冒充成.典例1).heescapedbypassinghimselfoffasaguard.他冒充警卫逃走了。2).shepassedhimoffasherhusband.她把他假充作自己的丈夫。重点用法passsth.tosb.将某物递给某人passaway去世passdown/on.把.传给后世pass.onto把.传递给.passby走过；经过passthrough通过；穿过练习根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的介词或副词。1).passthebook_mewhenyouvefinishedit.2).iwassorrytolearnthathismotherhadpassed_.3).shepassed_adifficultperiodafterhermarriagefailed.4).theyboughtuppiecesofoldfurnitureandpassedthem_valuableantiques.keys:1).on;to2).away3).through4).off;as2.ahandfulof一把；一小撮，少数，少量典例hepulledoutahandfulofcoinsfromhispocket.他从口袋里取出一把钱。短语归纳amouthfulof一口；少量anarmfulof一揽；一抱练习根据句子的意思翻译。1).wehavereceivedonly_(少数几封)lettersonthissubject.2).heonlyateafew_(几口)meat.keys:1).ahandfulof2).mouthfulsof3.inamazement惊讶地典例istaredathiminamazement.我吃惊地盯着他。短语归纳in在结构中表示“处于.状态”的短语：inaction在行动inadvance事先inanger气忿地incommon共有，共同indanger处于危险中indebt欠债indetail详细地indoubt怀疑inexcitement兴奋地intears流着眼泪ingeneral大体上inoperation生效,运转着inplace在适当的位置inreality实际上inreturn作为报答insecret秘密地inshape处于良好状态inshort简言之insight被看见insilence沉默地invain白白地inthought思考introuble有麻烦inturn依次为练习根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词。1)._myamazement,hechangedsomuch.2).ifindit_(amaze)thatyoucantswim.3).iheardthataburglarbrokeintomyroomlastnight_amazement.icouldntbelievemyears.keys:1).to2).amazing3).ermsof.以.的观点；就.而说典例1).intermsofmoney,hesquiterich,butnotintermsofhappiness.就钱来说他很富有，但就幸福来说就不然了。2).itisdifficulttoexpressitintermsofscience.要用科学的字眼来表达它是很困难的。短语归纳英语中类似结构的短语有：inneedof需要inchargeof负责insearchof搜寻inhopeof希望inhonorof纪念、尊重infavorof有利于inspiteof尽管incaseof以防、万一inplaceof代替练习根据句子的意思完成句子。1).thinkofit_(从.角度)aninvestment.2).itwasabadyearforfilms,_(无论从数量上还是质量上).3).thisprojectis_(迫切地需要)funding.4).heishomelessand_(需要帮助).keys:1).intermsof2).intermsofbothquantityandquality3).ingreat/urgentneedof4).ingreatneedofhelp5.show.in带或领.进来典例1).tomshowedalittleboyin.汤姆带了一个小男孩进来。2).willyoushowhimin?你把他领进来好吗？短语归纳show短语：showsb.out领某人出去showsb.around领某人参观某地showoff炫耀，卖弄，使显眼showup出现，来到某处，揭露，显得好看练习用适当的介词或副词填空。1).1willshowyou_whenyouareinthecity.2).shelikestoshow_hernicefigurebywearingtightdresses.3).unclegeorgedidntshow_forourweddingbecauseheforgotit.4).heshowedme_asittingroom.keys:1).around2).off3).up4).into五.重点句子1.generallyspeaking,peoplearemorepolitetothosewhomtheythinkareofhighersocialclass.总的来说，人们对那些他们认为属于较高社会阶层的人更礼貌一些。解释1).本句中的of表示“从属”关系。例如：birdsofafeatherflocktogether.物以类聚，人以群分。2).beof形容词抽象名词be副词与该抽象名词同根的形容词。例如：whatisaidisofgreatimportance.=whatisaidisveryimportant.我所说的非常重要。可用于以上结构的抽象名词及相对应的形容词有：ability-able,help-helpful,use-useful,importance-important,interest-interesting,significance-significant,value-valuable练习翻译句子。1).他是个兴趣广泛的人。_2).我觉得这本英汉字典非常有用。_keys:1).heisapersonofwideinterests.2).ifindtheenglish-chinesedictionaryveryuseful/ofgreatuse.2.henryhigginsandcolonelpickeringaresittingdeepinconversation.亨利.希金斯正与皮克林上校促膝长谈。解释形容词短语deepinsth.“专心；全神贯注；深陷”，可用在句中作表语、状语。例：1).hewasdeepinthought.他陷入了沉思。2).hewassodeepinhisworkthathewasnotawareofthefire.他是如此专心工作以致于不知道发生了火灾。3).deepinwork,hedidntnoticeamancomein.同样用法的词还有：lost,determined,absorbed,dressed等，例：1).lostinthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.2).absorbedinnovel,heforgothisappointment.练习翻译句子。1)._(determine)nottocomeback,shewentoutofthehouse.2)._(dress)asaprincess,shewentontothestage.keys:1).determined2).dressed六.课文佳句背诵与仿写1.【原句】amanishidingfromtherainlisteningtopeopleslanguageandwatchingtheirreactio