高考英语轻松抢分演练12.doc

2013高考英语轻松抢分演练12.词汇短语过关1diet n日常饮食vi. 节食be/go on a dietput sb. on a diet用规定的食谱，控制饮食a diet of sth. 多得令人生厌的事物即学即练1(1)_ is not good for you.太油腻的食物对你不利。(2)the doctors all suggest i _ .医生们都建议我节食。too rich a dietgo on a diet比较：diet 既可指习惯上常用的食品，又可指规定的食物，特指维持健康的定质定量的食物；food是“食物”的一般用语，指任何能吃的且有营养的东西。2balance vt.&vi.&n.平衡balanced adj. 平稳的，安定的，和谐的in the balance 悬而未决the balance of forces 力量对比out of balance 失去平衡keep ones balance 保持平衡，保持镇静lose ones balance 失去平衡，失去镇静throw sb. off the balance 使某人失去平衡，使某人慌乱balance the good and evil of things权衡事物的好坏两方面即学即练2(1)we must _ the good and evil of things.我们必须权衡事物的好坏两个方面。(2)the acrobat _ on the high rope.杂技演员在高处的绳子上使自己保持平衡。(3)it is difficult to _ on an icy pavement.人行道上结了冰，要想不摔倒可不容易。(4)how long can you _ on one foot?你能单脚站立多久？balance , balanced himself , keep ones balance , balance3lie n谎话；谎言 vt.&vi.说谎；躺，处于(某位置)tell a lie/lies 说谎反tell the truth 说实话a white lie 善意的谎言a big lie 弥天大谎lie to sb.向某人撒谎lie in 在于；处于lie down 躺下；屈服lie on ones side/back/stomach 侧卧/仰卧/俯卧there lies. 某地有提示：易混词形变化：lie撒谎liedlied躺laylainlyinglay 放；产卵laidlaidlaying即学即练3(1)the boy must be a spy and was_.这男孩子一定是个间谍且在说谎。(2)you are _ and lies cannot cover up facts.你在说谎，但谎言掩盖不了事实。(3)he was _ in the shade of the tree.他正躺在树荫下。(4)the factory _ the west of the town.工厂在镇的西边。telling a lie , lying , lying , lies to(5)dont _ your coat on the bed.不要把你的外衣放在床上。(6)birds, fishes, and insects _.鸟下蛋，鱼和昆虫产卵。lay , lay eggs4consult vt.&vi. 向咨询；查阅consultant n会诊医生；顾问consulting adj. 咨询的；顾问的consult sb. about sth. 向某人请教某事consult a book (a dictionary )查书(字典)consult with sb. 同某人商量a consulting engineer 顾问工程师即学即练4(1)youd better _ a doctor _ your illness.你最好找医生咨询一下你的病情。(2)before a decision has been made, youd better _. 在作决定之前，最好找你父亲商量一下。(3)when you take a geography exam, you may_.参加地理考试时，你可以查阅地图。(4)he is _ his advisor.他正同他的顾问磋商事情。consult , about , consult your father , consult a map , consulting with5limit n界限；限度v限制；限定limited adj. 有限的limitation n. 限制；限制条件，不足之处go beyond/over the limit 超过限度within limits 在一定范围内；有限度的within the limits of 在的范围内without limit 无限(制)地set a limit to sth. 对规定限度be limited to sth. 受限制于limit sth. to sth. 把限定在的范围内即学即练5(1)ive _ 1 000 calories a day to try to lose weight.我试着减肥，限定自己每天摄入1 000卡的热量。(2)a wise man knows his own _.人贵有自知之明。(3)as we all know, a persons life is _， but knowledge is _.as we all know, there is _ a persons life but _ knowledge.我们都知道，人的生命是有限的，而知识却是无限的。limited myself to , limitations , limited , unlimited , a limit to , no limit to6benefit n利益，实惠；优越性vt.&vi.得益；使受益benefit sb./someplace 使某人/某地受益benefit from/by sth.receive/gain benefit from sth.得益于某事be of great/much benefit to sb.be very beneficial to sb. 对某人有好处for the benefit of.为了帮助；为了的利益即学即练6(1)the new hospital will _the entire community.这所新医院将使整个社区受益。(2)i _ much _ my fathers advice.我从父亲的建议中获益颇多。(3)moderate exercise will be _ you.适度运动对你有很多益处。(4)she went there _ her health.她为了健康而去了那里。benefit , benefited , from , of much benefit to , for the benefit of7combine vt. & vi. (使)联合；(使)结合combination n. 结合；联合；化合(物)combine into. 联合成combine.with. 把与结合起来a combination of. 一种的结合(物)in combination with 与联合起来即学即练7(1)some films _ education _ recreation.有些电影把教育与娱乐结合起来。(2)the two small shops _ to make a large one.这两个小店合并起来成为了一个大商店。(3)pink is _ red and white.粉红色是红色与白色的混合色。combine , with , combined , a combination of8get away with 被放过；(做坏事)不受惩罚get rid of 摆脱；除去get about 走动；旅行；(消息等)传开来get across (使)被理解；(把)讲清楚get on/along well with. 与相处得好；进展得好get away from 逃脱；离开get down (从)下来；写下；使沮丧get down to doing sth. 开始认真地做某事get in 收获；插话get in touch with 与取得联系get into the habit of 染上的习惯get into trouble 陷入困境get out (of.) (使)出去；离开；逃脱；摆脱get over 爬过(墙等)；克服(困难等)；从中恢复过来get through 办完；花完(钱、时间等)；(使)通过；接通电话即学即练8(1)i wont have you _ cheating in the exam.我不能容忍你考试作弊而不受惩罚。(2)he was so lucky to _ only a fine for such a serious mistake.他犯了如此严重的错误，侥幸只被罚款了事。(3)how can i _ the flies in the kitchen？我怎样才能把厨房里的苍蝇消灭掉？(4)hes not very good at _ his ideas _.他不太善于清楚地表达自己的思想。getting away with , get away with , get rid of , getting , across9in debt负债be in heavy debt负债累累be in debt to sb.欠某人债pay off all the debts还清债务(动作)be out of debt不欠债(状态)get/run into debt陷入债务即学即练9(1)in my opinion, the elegant woman with long hair cant have been _.在我看来，那位优雅的长发女士不可能负债累累。(2)being _ makes tom a light mood.还清了债务使得汤姆心情轻松。(3)the couple worked hard day and night in order to _.为了还清所有的债务，这对夫妇夜以继日地拼命干活。in heavy debt , out of debt , pay off all their debts10cut down 砍倒，使倒下；削减，压缩；减价即学即练10(1)he used to _ trees, but he plants trees now.他过去砍树，而现在植树。(2)i have to _.我得少抽烟。(3)aids _ at an early age.艾滋病较早地夺去了他的生命。(4)he was asking $100 for the vase, but i_ $75.这个花瓶要价100美元，但我砍到了75美元。cut down , cut down smoking , cut him down , cut him down to拓展：cut across走捷径，穿过去cut in插话；让某人分享利润cut off中止，切断；隔绝cut out删除；裁剪cut up劈碎，切碎；使难过；(严重地)割伤cut short突然停止，中断(活动)cut through穿过；克服；避开；剪断易 错 点 拨 自我完善误区备考1. strength/force/energy/power(1)strength 指固有的潜力。说人时，指“力气”；说物时，指“强度”。也可指“强项，长处”。(2)force 主要指自然界的力量，暴力，势力以及法律、道德或感情的力量，军事的力量等。(3)energy 主要指人的精力或自然界的能量。(4)power 主要指做一件事所依靠的能力、功能；也可指人或机器等事物潜在的或所能发挥出来的力量；还可指职权、权力或政权。应用1用 energy/power/force和 strength 填空。(1)many countries are increasing their use of natural gas, wind and other forms of _.(2)the party came to _ at the last election.(3)gandi insisted on winning independence by peaceful struggles, not by _.(4)bill was doing a lot of physical exercise to build up his _.energy , power , force , strength2. join/combine/unite/connect(1)join 侧重把原来不相连接的事物紧密地连接在一起，但仍可再分开。也指把分散的人或几个部分的人联合起来，或加入到某团体中去。短语：join up联合起来；join.to/and.连接。(2)combine 指两个或两个以上的人或物结合在一起。短语： combine with 与结合。(3)unite 指联合、团结、结合在一起，构成一个整体。(4)connect 指两事物在某一点上相连接，但彼此又保持独立。短语：connect.to/with 与相连；be connected with与有关系。应用2用 join, combine, unite, connect的恰当形式填空。(1)_， well stand; divided, well die.(2)efforts and confidence _ to make a full man.(3)this path _ the highway up ahead.(4)this railway _ london and edinburgh.united , combine , joins , connects3. glare/glance/stare/gaze/glimpse(1)glare侧重含有敌对情绪的“怒视”。(2)glance指快速地“一扫”“一瞥”。(3)stare指睁大眼睛出神地看或注视，凝视，多出于惊讶、好奇、羡慕等，有时是粗鲁无礼的。(4)gaze多指由于喜爱、憧憬或快乐而长时间无意识地注视。(5)glimpse无意识地一瞥，看到粗略印象，强调结果。应用3(1)the policeman _ the thief as he drove past.(2)they _ at each other for a long time, after the quarrel.(3)its impolite to _ at foreign guests in the street.(4)he _ at her and left hurriedly.(5)the girl likes lying on her back and _ at the stars above.glimpsed , glared , stare , glanced , gazing 自我测评技能备考.单词拼写1if you have a good d_， you may always feel fit and healthy.2sorry, this box is too heavy. i dont have the s_ to lift it.3out of c_， i asked an impolite question, “may i know your age？”4when c_ go into a shop, they naturally look to their left but move clockwise, towards the right.digestion, strength , curiosity , customers5c_ the eggs with a little flour and heat the mixture gently.6in some countries, people eat too much fat and sugar; they should eat a _ (均衡的) diet to keep healthy.7taking exercise is of great _ (利益) to our health.8if i pay all my _ (债), ill have no money left.9he is not _ (苗条的) enough to wear these tight trousers.10who gave you _ (允许) to leave the office so early?combine , balanced , benefit , debts , slim , permission .单项选择1(2010山东潍坊质量监测)why do you eat all the vegetables but leave _ meat untouched?im on _ diet.aa; the bthe; / c/; a dthe; a答案：d解析：考查冠词。你为什么吃了所有的蔬菜而不动肉呢？我在节食。第一空特指双方都知道的“meat”，故用the;第二空on a diet“节食”，是固定搭配。2to make members of a team perform better, the trainer first of all has to know their _ and weaknesses.astrengths bbenefits ctechniques dvalues答案：a解析：考查名词辨析。由题意知 weakness 的反义词是 strength,指“强项”。3(2010福建六校三联)even if the treatment _， theres still no magic pill for patients in the late stage of aids.adoes buses cworks dhelps答案：c解析：考查动词辨析。work“起作用，生效”，符合语意：尽管治疗起作用了，对于晚期的艾滋病患者来说还是没有什么特效药。4once you have decided to buy an expensive article, you had better_an expert on it.aask badvise cconsult dfind答案：c解析：句意为“一旦你决定买件贵重物品，你最好找这方面的专家咨询一下”。consult sb. 意为“向某人请教”。其他选项不符合语境。5a large sum of money has been raised for the _of the poorlyeducated children in the mountainous districts.aprofit bfavor cadvantage dbenefit答案：d解析：for the benefit of.“为了的利益/好处”，是固定搭配。6youd better _ your expenses on clothes.acut up bcut down ccut off dcut out答案：b解析：表示“削减花费/开销”，用 cut down.7a harmonious society is like a symphony orchestraeach person contributes a small sound, but when _ with other sounds, it becomes beautiful music.acombining bbeing combined ccombined dto be combined答案：c解析：考查非谓语动词。当状语从句的主语与主句中的主语一致且谓语中含有be动词时，可以省略状语从句中的主语和be动词，本句完整形式应为when it is combined.。8the child should be punished. you shouldnt let him _ telling lies.akeep away from bkeep away with cget away from dget away with答案：d解析：考查动词短语。句意为：这个孩子应该受到惩罚。你不应该让他逃脱撒谎受到的处罚。get away with表示“侥幸成功，逃脱处罚”；get away from表示“逃离”；keep away from表示“远离”。9you should understand the traffic rule by now. youve had it _ often enough.aexplaining bto explain cexplain dexplained答案：d解析：本题中it指代the traffic rule,它与explain构成动宾关系，因此用过去分词做宾补。have sth. done让别人做某事。10what an unforgettable experience! ill write it down _ it is still fresh in my memory.asince bwhile cafter duntil答案：b解析：句意：多么令人难忘的经历！趁记忆犹新，我要把它写下来。while引导时间状语从句。11there was an oil painting _ in the corner. it _ there for several days.alaying; had laid blain; had laid clying; had lain dlaid; had been lain答案：c解析：第一空填 lying表示“正处于某状态”；第二空填 had lain表示“已经处于该位置好几天了”。12if you just spend time _ advantages and disadvantages, you may get nothing in the end.amatching bbalancing cobserving dexamining答案：b解析：balance advantages and disadvantages 意为“权衡利弊”。13the weather isnt good enough for an outing, isnt it?not in the least. we cant have _ at this time of the year.aa worse day ba nicer day csuch bad a day dso fine a day答案：a解析：not in the least 相当于 not at all, 意为“根本不”。此题考查比较级的否定形式表达最高级的含义。b、d两项与题意不符；c项结构错误。14lucy doesnt mind lending you her dictionary.she _. ive already borrowed one.acant bmustnt cneednt dshouldnt答案：c解析：句意为：“lucy不介意把词典借给你。”“她不必了。我已经借了一本了。”本题测试情态动词的用法。 neednt 不必(不需要)；cant 不能(不许)；mustnt 不行(禁止)；shouldnt 不该(责备)。15why dont we hold a party to celebrate the achievements gained by our olympic players?_abecause we havent got enough preparations.bgood idea!cits all because of the terrible weather.dnot all would like to attend it.答案：b解析：why dont.？“为什么不？”用于提出建议，故回答b项“好主意”。 .阅读理解is it possible to persuade mankind to live without war? war is an ancient practice which has existed for at least six thousand years. it was always bad and usually foolish, but in the past, the human race managed to live with it. modern cleverness has changed this. either man will end the existence of war, or war will end the existence of man. for the present, it is nuclear weapons (核武器) that cause the most serious danger, but bacteriological or chemical weapons may, before long, offer an even greater threat. if we succeeded in ending the existence of nuclear weapons, our work will not be done. it will never be done until we have succeeded in ending war. to do this, we need to persuade mankind to look up on international problems in a new way not as contests of force, in which the victory goes to the side which is most skillful inkilling people, but by settling in accordance with agreed rules of law. it is not easy to change very old mental habits, but this is what must be attempted. there are those who say that the acceptance of this or that ideology (意识形态) would prevent war. i believe this to be a big mistake. all ideologies are based upon dogmatic statements (强词夺理) which are, at best, doubtful, and at worst, totally false. their supporters believe in them so deeply that they are willing to go to war in support of them.the movement of world opinion during the past few years has been very largely such as we can welcome. it has become a commonplace that nuclear war must be avoided. of course very difficult problems remain in the world, but the spirit in which they are coming nearer to is a better one than it was some years ago. it has begun to be thought, even by the powerful men who decide whether we shall live or die, that negotiations should reach agreements even if both sides do not find these agreements wholly satisfactory. it has begun to be understood that the important struggle nowadays is not between different countries but between man and the atom bomb. 1. this passage implies that war is now_. a. worse than in the past b. as bad as in the past c. not as dangerous as in the past d. as necessary as in the past答案: a 指导：由文中第一段第六行forthepresent, it isnuclear weapons thatcausethemost seriousdanger，but bacteriological or chemical weapons may，before long，offer and even greater可知a为正确答案。2. in the sentence to do this, we need to persuade mankind. ( paragraph 1 ) ,this refers to_. a. to end the existence of war b. to improve weapons c. to solve international problems d. to live a peaceful life答案: a 指导：由this的指代作用，要么是上面提到的东西，要么是下文马上要提到的东西，所以在此处应该是上文提到的endingway，因此a为最佳选项。3. from paragraph 2 we learn that the writer of the passage_. a. is a supporter of some modern ideologies b. does not think that the acceptance of any ideologies could prevent war c. believes that the acception of some ideologies could prevent war d. does not doubt the truth of any ideologies答案: b 指导；由文章第二段第二行“ibe lievet his to leabigmis take可知作者持怀疑态度，故b为最佳选项。4. according to the writer,_. a. war is the only way to solve intemational arguments b. war will be less dangerous because of the improvement of weapons c. it is impossible for people to live without war d.