不能望文生义的英文词汇归纳..doc

不能望文生义的英文词汇归纳 bank holiday 不是银行节，是公共假期 有一次我看电视剧，里面两位男士边走边谈，一位提到明天是bank holiday，中文字幕赫然出现“明天是银行节”。在英国国定假日叫bank holiday，也许银行与英国人关系太密切了，是生活中不可或缺的，所以国定假日银行不开门，就称之为bank holiday bookmaker 不一定是图书业者，有可能是接受赌注的庄家 coming of age 不是时代来临，而是成年 crows feet 不是乌鸦脚，而是鱼尾纹 drawing room 不是画室，而是客厅 living room 就是客厅，在英国又称之为sitting room，主要是普罗阶层的说法。豪门贵族的客厅则称之为drawing room，但这里和画画没关系。从前贵族客厅乃男士高谈阔论的地方，女性和小孩通常都会回避。所以drawing room其实是withdrawing room的简称。 flat-footed 不是扁平足，有可能是手足无措 扁平足引文叫做flatfoot。扁平足的人脚弓instep arch直接触地，不利于行，因此flat-footed 常用来指笨手笨脚，手足失措。如：A recent drought caught the government flat-footed. fourth estate 不是第四笔地产，是指记者或新闻界 estate 有地产、遗产、地位的意思。欧洲传统上认为社会由贵族、教会、平民三大基层构成。大家是否还记得高中历史书上的法国大革命的图片。这些就是所谓的estate of the realm； 近代新闻记者自成一个势力，则是传统三大阶层以外的第四阶层，称为fourth estate,有人把它译为第四权。 full of beans 不是到处都是豆子，是精力充沛 bean 通常指四季豆，大概是豆子营养丰富的原因，所以full of beans 意为精力充沛。不过在美国俚语中另有“错误连篇”的意思。 gray matter 不是灰色的东西，是大脑皮层表面的灰质 大脑里面是白质也就是white matter green bean 不是绿豆，是四季豆 hard shoulder 不是硬肩膀，是路肩 headhunt 不再是从前食人族的猎头陋习，而是当前流行的“挖角”行为 heavy duty 不是责任重大，是耐用hobby horse 不是爱马，是别人早就听腻、自己却乐此不彼的话题 hobby一般译为嗜好，但其实跟中文的嗜好有些不同。hobby必须是正面的，花时闲去培养的休闲活动，看电视、逛街都不算。骑马horseback riding 可算是一种hobby，但hobby horse 与马无关，是别人早就听腻了的，自己却乐此不彼、老爱谈起的话题。 industrial action 不是工业行动，是罢工之类的手段 labor of love 不是为情所困，是为了兴趣嗜好而无怨无悔做的事 milk run 不是牛奶用光了，是旅行搭的飞机或火车停很多站，非直达或者直飞 有别于直飞或直达，停靠好几站载客的飞机或火车，就像milkman一天要跑好多地方一样，所以叫做milk run。另外，英国有所谓的milk round。是指大公司每年到各大学征才的活动。大概就是招聘会。 moonshine 不一定是月光，也指私酒，或馊主意 mug shot 不是被马克杯击中，拍照存档 mug现在被译为马克杯。18世纪初英国流行怪异面孔装饰造型的马克杯，因此mug遂有“面孔”的意思。歹徒被捕后到警察局 get a mug shot，指拍照存档。 on the couch 不一定是坐在沙发上，是看心理医师 couch就是sofa，看心理医师的时候，病人躺下来谈话的长椅也叫couch，所以 on the couch也就有看心理医师的意思。 Spending months on the couch delving into childhood traumas. 是“花几个月看心理医师，探索童年的心灵创伤”的意思。 free shipping 不是免费“偷渡”，而是免费邮寄 1.词汇类 lover 情人 (不是“爱人”) busboy 餐馆勤杂工 (不是“公汽售票员”) busybody 爱管闲事的人 (不是“大忙人”) dry goods (美)纺织品；(英)谷物 (不是“干货”) heart man 换心人 (不是“有心人” ) mad doctor 精神病科医生 (不是“发疯的医生”) eleventh hour 最后时刻 (不是“十一点”) blind date (由第三者安排的) 男女初次会面 (并非“盲目约会”或“瞎约会”) dead president 美钞(上印有总统头像) (并非“死了的总统”) personal remark 人身攻击(不是“个人评论”) sweet water 淡水 (不是“糖水”或“甜水”) confidence man 骗子 (不是“信得过的人”) criminal lawyer 刑事律师 (不是“犯罪的律师”) service station 加油站 (不是“服务站”) rest room 厕所（不是“休息室”） dressing room 化妆室 (不是“试衣室”或“更衣室”) sporting house 妓院 (不是“体育室”) horse sense 常识 (不是“马的感觉”) capital idea 好主意 (不是“资本主义思想”) familiar talk 庸俗的交谈（不是“熟悉的谈话”） black tea 红茶 (不是“黑茶”) black art 妖术 (不是“黑色艺术”) black stranger 完全陌生的人 (不是“陌生的黑人”) white coal (作动力来源用的) 水(不是“白煤”)white man 忠实可靠的人 (不是“皮肤白的人”) yellow book 黄皮书 (法国政府报告书，以黄纸为封) (不是“黄色书籍”)red tape 官僚习气 (不是“红色带子”) green hand 新手 (不是“绿手”) blue stocking 女学者、女才子 (不是“蓝色长统袜”) China policy 对华政策 (不是“中国政策”) Chinese dragon 麒麟 (不是“中国龙”) American beauty 红蔷薇 (不是“美国美女”) English disease 软骨病 (不是“英国病”) Indian summer 愉快宁静的晚年(不是“印度的夏日”) Greek gift 害人的礼品(不是“希腊礼物”) Spanish athlete 吹牛的人(不是“西班牙运动员”) French chalk 滑石粉(不是“法国粉笔”)2. 成语类pull ones leg 开玩笑 (不是“拉后腿”) in ones birthday suit 赤身裸体 (不是“穿着生日礼服”) eat ones words 收回前言(不是“食言”) an apple of love 西红柿(不是“爱情之果”) handwriting on the wall 不祥之兆(不是“大字报”) bring down the house 博得全场喝彩(不是“推倒房子”) have a fit 勃然大怒(不是“试穿”) make ones hair stand on end 令人毛骨悚然恐惧(不是“令人发指气愤”) be taken in 受骗，上当(不是“被接纳”) think a great deal of oneself 高看或看重自己(不是“为自己想得很多”) pull up ones socks 鼓起勇气(不是“提上袜子”) have the heart to do (用于否定句) 忍心做不是“有心做”或“有意做”3. 表达方式类 Look out! 当心！(不是“向外看”)What a shame! 多可惜！真遗憾！(不是“多可耻”) You dont say! 是吗！(不是“你别说”) You can say that again! 说得好！(不是“你可以再说一遍”) I havent slept better. 我睡得好极了。(不是“我从未睡过好觉”) You cant be too careful in your work. 你工作越仔细越好。(不是“你工作不能太仔细”) It has been 4 years since I smoked. 我戒烟年了。(不是“我抽烟4年了”) All his friends did not turn up. 他的朋友没全到。(不是“他的朋友全没到”) People will be long forgetting her. 人们在很长时间内会记住她的。(不是“人们会永远忘记她”) He was only too pleased to let them go. 他很乐意让他们走。(不是“他太高兴了，不愿让他们走”) It cant be less interesting. 它无聊极了。(不是“它不可能没有趣新目标-初中英语单词归类邱伟 原创点击数: 2705 交通工具类：bus, car, boat, ship, taxi, plane, train, streamer, jeep, motorcar, bicycle, run car, airplane 国家类：China, America, Egypt, Brazil, South Korea, North Korea, Poland, New Zealand, Japan, France, England, Canada, Australia, Argentina, Holland, Vietnam, India, Italy, Greece, Mexico, Russia, Sweden, Norway, Spain,German, Switzerland, Thailand, Greece, South Africa身体部位：head, foot, leg, tooth, hand, ear, eye, nose, mouth, face, arm, back, neck, stomach, throat, heart, knee, finger, toe, body, hair, beard, elbow, 服饰类：scarf, belt, sneakers, wallet, earring, hat, jeans, watch, straw hat, ring, skate shoes, backpack, tie, bag, pants, socks, dress, coat, shirt, T-shirt, skirt, shorts, sweater, shoes, uniform, jacket, earring, hair clip, 场所类：club, restaurant, store, supermarket, museum, school, library, hotel, auditorium, pool, post office, bank, park, zoo, market, garden, hospital, TV Station, Police station, beach, cinema, church, factory, farm, shop, theater, aquarium, college, dining room, barber shop, gymnasium, gallery, drugstore, laboratory, mall, plaza, store, video arcade, 颜色类: red, black, green, white, yellow, orange, brown, grey, pink, blond, blue, purple,学习用品类：pen, pencil, ruler, eraser, paper, pencil-box, ink, notebook, dictionary, sharpener, schoolbag, backpack, textbook, flashcard动物类：sheep, horse, monkey, dolphin, panda, tiger, fox, snake, rabbit, lion, shark, goat, dog, cock, hen, chicken, duck, elephant, camel, bird, wolf, polar bear, giraffe, koala, penguin, camel, seal, rabbit, octopus, kangaroo, parrot, turtle, ant, mouse, spider, hamster, manatee, goldfish, chimpanzee, cheetah时间：January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December，spring, summer, autumn, winter，Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday，Morning, afternoon, noon, evening, night, second, minute, hour, day, week, month, year, Century职业：doctor, nurse, vet, policeman, policewoman, engineer, worker, farmer, reporter, teacher, inventor, scientist, driver, headmaster, player, singer, dancer, actor, actress, guide, waiter, waitress, assistant, boss, businessman, psychologist, author, writer, photographer, musician, guide, violinist, pianist, coach, clerk, sales assistant, cook, dentist, director, optometrist, translator, vegetarian, sportspeople, head teacher, master, pilot, chef, fisherman, lawyer, sailor, tutor, collector 球类：basketball, volleyball, football, soccer, ping-pong, tennis, baseball, badminton, ice hockey, golf蔬菜类：carrot, tomato, cabbage, onion, potato, green pepper, mushroom, broccoli, pumpkin, lettuce水果类：apple, orange, banana, pear, peach, pumpkin, melon, grape, lemon, watermelon, strawberry, lychee, papaya, mango, olive, plum, peach, loquat, apricot, cherry食物类：beef, noodle, dumpling, rice, chip, bread, sandwich, wheat, egg, Salad, hamburger, French fries, porridge, cheese, hot dog, biscuit, green pepper, pancake, chip, fish, chicken, meat, tofu, pizza, candy, gum, barbecued meat, popcorn, brown bread, chocolate, shrimp, dessert乐 器: guitar, piano, drum, trumpet, violin, accordion, erhu 电 器: telephone, phone, computer, television, radio, fridge, refrigerator oven, microwave oven, blender, air conditioner, typewriter, recorder, lamp 天 气: fine, rainy, cloudy, windy, stormy, foggy, sunny, snowy, cold, cool, hot, warm, humid学科：Chinese, math, English, P.E, music, history, Physics, biology, geography, chemistry, politics, computer, science, art, algebra家族谱：grandfather, grandmother, father, mother, uncle, aunt, sister, brother, son, daughter, cousin, husband, wife, parent厨具：bowl, plate, table, dish, spoon, chopsticks, cupboard, fork, knife人物性格：funny, smart, cute, intelligent, friendly, shy, lazy, serious, unfriendly, quiet, easygoing, outgoing, generous, moody, lovely, lively, talented, upset, nervous, loving, unusual, creative, hard-working, warm-hearted, gentle, polite, confident, energetic, realistic, anxious, brave饮料: soda, coffee, milk, water, pop, beer, lemonade, juice, orange, iced tea, beverage, cola音乐：jazz, dance music, country music, classical music, national music, pop music常见词序小结1、在“so + adj.+ n.”结构中，若名词是可数名词单数，不定冠词要放在形容词之后。 She is so a good teacher as your father. (误) She is so good