中考英语 阅读理解解题技巧及满分训练题精选第5集（含解析）.doc

2012中考英语阅读理解解题技巧及满分训练题精选第5集【结束集】【答案或解析】【共20页】 中考英语阅读理解-训练的六种方法 本精品资源训练中考英语阅读理解-训练的六种方法中的【强化阅读训练】。选择的题型有：阅读回答问题、阅读单项选择、阅读改写填空、阅读判断正误。都有答案，至少一半的有具体解析。*强化阅读训练* (1) 指定阅读范围：教师按学生的英语水平将其分成不同的组别，选择与之相适应的英语读物（配有一定量的问题），分别规定阅读的范围，要求他们课外自行安排时间，带着问题快速阅读，并规定一个较宽松的期限进行检查。(2) 进行阅读指导：对学生阅读过程中遇到的疑难，教师要及时答疑辅导，以帮助学生顺利阅读。但要注意从学法上多加以指导，帮助和引导他们自行分析和解决问题。(3) 检查阅读效果：到了规定的阅读期限教师可以通过口头练习和笔试结合的方式分组检查学生阅读任务完成的情况。口头练习以学生回答有关问题、讲述阅读文章的心得为主；笔试检查要求学生完成正误判断题，选择题，填空题等。(4) 展示阅读效果：利用英语课外活动，通过开展书评、辩论会、演讲会等活动来展示不同组学生课外泛读的成果。分a、b组评论读物；讨论读物的人物特征、主要情节等，让学生在宽松的氛围中各抒己见，互相交流，从而促进学生阅读时积极思考，认真阅读，同时加深对读物的理解，培养表达能力。*训练题精选have you ever heard of a girl of 15, who set up a company of her own? wendy wong is the girl. she started the business two years ago. she has already written several successful computer games. they are so popular that over half a million games are sold every year. now all of her family work in her business, and she is still at school.she gets up early in the morning, and then she talks with her family about the business over breakfast. every day she goes to school in her own car with a driver, for she is not old enough.she enjoys her school, but some of the work is too easy for her to feel interested. she usually gets a grades in all her subjects, so the other students often ask her for help. she finished her homework in half an hour after her driver takes her home. after dinner, she goes to her office and goes on working on her computer, writing games until 2 am. she does not usually need so much sleep as other children.根据短文内容，回答问题。1. when did wendy wong start the business?_ 2. what has wendy wong already written successful?_3. how does wendy wong go to school every day?_4. how about her grades in all her subjects?_5. how long can she finish her homework?_【答案及解析】1. at the age of thirteen。所问的问题是“wendy wong什么时候开始做生意?” 根据have you ever heard of a girl of 15, who set up a company of her own? wendy wong is the girl. she started the business two years ago(你曾经听说过一个15岁办了属于自己的公司的女孩吗? wendy wong就是这个办公司的女孩，她两年以前就开始做生意 )就能作出上述回答。2. computer games。所问的问题是“她成功地写出了什么?”根据 she has already written several successful computer games(她已经成功地写出了几部游戏程序)就能作出上述回答。3. in her own car with a driver。所问的问题是“wendy wong每天怎样去上学?”根据every day she goes to school in her own car with a driver, for she is not old enough(每天司机开着她自己的车送她去上学, 这是因为她年龄还小)就能作出上述回答。4. she usually gets a grades。所问的问题是“wendy wong的学习怎么样?”根据she usually gets a grades in all her subjects, so the other students often ask her for help. (在所有功课中，她通常都得优秀，因此，她的同学常常问她功课方面的问题)就能作出上述回答。5. in half an hour。所问的问题是“她多长时间能做完作业?”根据she finished her homework in half an hour after her driver takes her home(在她的司机送她回家之后的半个小时内完成作业)就能作出上述回答。*阅读下列短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。 its hard to make friends if you stay at home alone all the time. get out of the house and do things that will put you in touch with(接触) other people. its easier to make friends when you have similar interests.dont be afraid to show people what youre really good at. talk about the things you like and do best. people will be interested in you if there is something interesting about you.look at people in the eye when you talk to them. that way, theyll find it easier to talk to you, or people may think youre not interested in them and may stop being interested in you.be a good listener. let people talk about themselves before talking about “me, me, me”. ask lots of questions. show an interest in their answers.try to make friends with the kind of people you really like, respect (尊敬), and admire (羡慕)not just with those who are easy to meet. be friendly with a lot of people. that way, youll have a bigger group of people to choose from and have more chances for making friends.1. how can we have more friends, get in touch with other people or stay at home?2. when jim talks to people, he always looks right, left, or at the floor. do you think its right? why or why not?3. cindy always talks about herself when she talks to other people. what advice (it80 do you think she needs to follow?4. what should you do if you want to have more chances for making friends?5. whats the main idea of the passage?参考答案1. get in touch with other people.回答选择问句不能用yes或no来回答，而是从选项中选择一项进行回答。本题答案由第1段前两句可知。2. no. / i dont think so. because people may think hes not interested in them. / because he should look at people in the eye. / because its impolite / not polite 可在第3段找到答案。3. be a good listener. / let people talk about themselves before talking about “her, her, her.” / listen to other people first 可根据第4段的内容来回答。4. be friendly with other (a lot of) people. / try to make friends with the kind of people you really like, respect and admirenot just with those who are easy to meet. / get out to meet other people.5. how to make friends / to make friends / make friends. / making friends根据首尾段即可概括出。*napoga is a 12-year-old girl in ghana(加纳), africa. it is hard for her family to get clean water. every morning, she leaves home at half past five to get clean water for her family in a village far away. it takes her six hours to get enough clean water for daily(日常) cooking and drinking. she has no time to go to school or to play with her friends. millions of people in the world are like napoga. they cant get enough clean water to keep healthy. earth day is april 22. but on all other days, we must also remember it. the water we use is the most important natural resource(自然资源) on the earth.water covers 70% of the earths surface(表面). but most of that is sea water. we cant use it for very many things. fresh water covers only 1% of the earths surface. you probably feel lucky that your life isnt as hard as napogas. but that doesnt mean you dont have to worry about water. we all face serious water problems. one of them is water pollution. all kinds of things from cars, factories, farms and homes make our rivers, lakes, and oceans dirty. polluted water is very bad for people to drink. and dirty water is bad for fish, too. now, 34% of all kinds of fish are dying out. how do cars and factories make our water dirty? first, they pollute the air. then, when it rains, the rain water comes down and makes our drinking water dirty. dirty rain, called acid rain(酸雨), is also bad for plants, animals and buildings. scientists say that in 30 years, more than half of the people in the world wont have enough clean water. we have to learn how to save more water for ourselves and our children. here is some advice for saving water:turn off the water while you brush your teeth. you can save as much as 450 liters(升) each month. leaky taps(漏水的龙头) waste a lot of water. fix them right away! you can easily cut your 10-minute showers(沐浴) in halfand youll be just as clean. when you wash dishes, dont let the water run. only wash clothes when you have a lot to wash. if your washing machine isnt full, youre wasting water!根据以上短文内容，然后从每题所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项。1. every morning napoga went to get clean water _.a. before she went to school b. after she finished school c without going to school d. after she played with her friends 2. on the earth, _. a. sea water is widely used than fresh water b. there is very little water for our livingc. there is 71% of fresh waterd. we dont need to worry about water 3. acid rain _. a. is only bad for living thingsb. can be produced in factoriesc. doesnt do harm to people, but its bad for plants, animals and buildingsd. doesnt just do harm to human beings but to animals, plants and buildings4. which of the following wastes water?a. we need ten minutes if we want a clean shower. b. we should put in enough clothes when we wash them in washing machines. c. you can keep yourself clean by having a shower for five minutes. d. dont let the water run when we brush our teeth and wash dishes. 5. whats the main idea of the passage?a. something must be done to prevent water form being polluted. b. clean water means much to human beings and living things around us. c. its time to take care of the water we use. d. water is the most important natural resource on the earth. 【答案及解析】1. 选c。从第1段中的句子she has no time to go to school可知，她根本没有去上学。故选c。2. 选b。短文第3段中介绍了全球70%被水覆盖，但只有1%才是饮用淡水。而世界上的很多国家和地区都缺水。所以选b项，即我们的生活用水很少。3. 选d。由第5段中的句子dirty rain, called acid rain, is also bad for plants animals and buildings.可知，acid rain(酸雨)的危害很大。 故答案选d。4. 选a。a选项与c选项相互矛盾，则必有一个为正确选项。而从第3点建议(advice)可知，你可以沐浴只须五分钟来节约用水，若用10分钟则是浪费水。故选a。5. 选c。读完全文我们知道地球上的水资源有限，所以大家都要节约用水。故选c。*阅读下列短文，然后根据短文的内容，从a、b、c、d四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。we are already familiar with computerscomputers work for us at home, in offices and in factories. but it is also true that many children today are using computers at schools before they can write. what does this mean for the future? are these children lucky or not?many people who do not know about computers think of them as machines that children play with. they worry that children do not learn from experience but just from pressing a button and that this is not good for them. they think that children are growing not knowing about the real world.but people who understand more about computers say that computers can be very good for children. a computer can help them to learn about the real world more quickly, to learn what they want to learn and think for themselves. and for the future, dont we need people who can think clearly, who know how to get information quickly and use it well? what do you think?1. “to be familiar with” means to _.a. know nothingb. know aboutc. dislike d. like2. does everyone think computers are good for children?a. yes, they do.b. no, not everyone thinks so.c. they dont know.d. they are not sure.3. what can computers help children to do?a. to think clearly, to do homework and to write.b. to play games, to do math and to copy.c. to think clearly, to get information and to use it well.d. to count, to clean the house and to get information.4. does the writer think computer is a good thing?a. it isnt mentioned.b. no, he doesnt think so.c. he doesnt know.d. yes, he does.答案及解析1. b 词义猜测题。由破折号后的解释“电脑在家里、办公室、工厂都为我们工作”当然我们就已经“了解”电脑了。2. b 事实细节题。第段是说不太了解电脑的人认为电脑对小孩不好，而第段则说那些懂电脑的人认为电脑对小孩有益，因此，并不是每个人都认为电脑对小孩有益。3. c 事实细节题。由最后一段，特别是倒数第个问句可知。4. d 推理判断题。从最后一段可推断出作者的观点是“计算机是件好东西”。*light travels at a speed which is about a million times faster than the speed of sound. you can get some idea of this difference by watching the start of a race. if you stand some distance away from the starter, you can see smoke from his gun before the sound reaches your ears.this great speed of light produces some strange facts. sunlight takes about 8 minutes to reach us. if you look at the light of the moon tonight, remember that the light rays left the moon 1.3 seconds before they reached you. the nearest star is so far away that the light that you can see from it tonight started to travel towards you four years ago at a speed of nearly 2 million km. per minute. in some cases, the light from one of tonights stars had started on its journey to you before you were born.thus, if we want to be honest, we cant say, “the stars are shining tonight.” we have to say instead, “the stars look pretty. they were shining four years ago, but their light has only just reached the earth.”1. light speed is _ sound speeda. as fast asb. a million times slower thanc. about millions of times faster thand. about a million times faster than2. if you stand 200 metres away from a man who is firing a gun to start a race, you will find out that _.a. you can hear the sound before you see the smokeb. the sound does not travel as fast as lightc. the sound will reach you before the man firesd. sound travels about a million times faster than light3. sunlight obviously (明显地) _ than the light of the moona. has to travel a greater distanceb. moves less quicklyc. travels much more quicklyd. is less powerful(有力的) 4. the scientific way of saying the stars are shining tonight should be _.a. the stars have been shining all the timeb. the stars seen tonight will shine four years laterc. the stars were shining long ago but seen tonightd. the starlight seen today could be seen four years ago答案及解析1. d 事实细节题。由第1段第1句可知。2. b 推理判断题。由第1段最后一句推出。3. a 推理判断题。由第2段的第2句(太阳光到达地球需要8分钟) 和第3句(月光到达地球仅需1.3秒) 可推出(太阳光走过的距离明显远于月光)。4. c 推理判断题。由最后一段的最后一句they were shining four years ago, but their light has only just reached the earth可推出。*marys plan for next weekmonday7:30 go to the cinema with alicetuesday11:00 doctorwednesday9:00 table tennis game evening-study for examthursday8:30 concertfridayafternoonhelp uncle sam in his restaurantsaturday9:0010:30 art class 14:00 visit grandmothersunday8:00 supper with betty and annpeters plan for next weekmondaystudy group meeting 3:00 p.m.tuesdaybasketball match 4:30 p.m.wednesdaygo to see some friends 2:00 p.m.thursdaynoon, lunch with larryfriday2:004:00 p.m. volunteer(志愿者) work student centresaturdayshopping 10:00 a.m.sundaybasketball team party 9:00 p.m.1. peters study group meeting will be on _.a. saturday morningb. monday afternoonc. saturday eveningd. friday afternoon2. from peters plan we learn that peter likes _.a. table tennisb. musicc. artd. basketball3. on sunday morning mary will _.a. be freeb. be busyc. see the doctord. go shopping4. what will mary do on wednesday evening?a. see her friendsb. play basketballc. go to her art classd. prepare for an exam【答案及解析】1. b 细节题。在peter的计划中找group meeting可找到星期一下午3点。2. d 推断题。根据他的计划表中星期二他要参加篮球赛，星期天又篮球队聚会可以推断出。3. a 推断题。因为在mary的计划表中，星期日上午没有安排，由此可以推断：她星期日上午有空。4. d 细节题。在mary的计划表中的wednesday一栏中可找到。*waste can be seen everywhere in the school. some students ask for more food than they can eat and others often forget to turn off the lights when they leave the classroom. they say they can afford these things. but i dont agree with them. waste can bring a lot of problems. although china is rich in some resources(资源), we are short of(缺乏) others, for example, fresh water(淡水). it is reported that we will have no coal(煤) or oil to use in 100 years. so if we go on wasting our resources, what can we use in the future and where can we move? think about it. i think we should say no to the students who waste things every day. everybody should stop wasting as soon as possible. in our everyday life, we can do many things to prevent waste from happening, for example, turn off the water taps(水龙头) when we finish washing, turn off the lights when we leave the classroom, try not to order more food than we need, and so on. little by little, everything will be changed. waste can be stopped one day, if we do our best. 根据以上短文内容，然后从每题所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项。1. from the passage we know that some students often _ in the school. a. eat too much b. dont work hard c. waste things d. throw rubbish everywhere2. which is not mentioned in this passage? a. fresh water. b. forest. c. oil. d. coal. 3. what may happen in 100 years? a. we may still have enough oil.b. we may still have enough coal. c. we may have a little oil.d. we may have no coal or oil to use. 4. which of the following is right? a. waste brings problems.b. waste can bring no problem. c. china is rich in fresh water.d. students never waste things. 5. which is the best title of this passage? a. stop wasting b. school lifec. waste in the school d. rich resources in china【答案及解析】1. 选c。从文章的第1句waste can be seen everywhere in the school.就说明了在学校浪费现象随处可见，故选c。2. 选b。在第2段中，fresh water, oil, coal均有提及，但forest没有提到。故选b。3. 选d。由第2段的句子it is reported that we will have no coal or oil to use in 100 years.可知，在100年后，我们可能没有coal or oil to use。故答案选d。4. 选a。短文的第2段第1句waste can bring a lot of problems就告诉了我们答案，故选。5. 选a。在短文的第1段例举一些浪费现象，引出第2段everybody should stop wasting as soon as possible. 所以stop wasting 为短文的最佳标题。*christmas eve means a warm get-together with friends, a candlelight dinner, or perhaps a celebration at a pub(酒馆) for students. but, for cai yingjie, the night has a different meaning: helping beggars(乞丐) and the homeless(people without homes). cai, who is a student in journalism at tsinghua, could be found at beijings wudaokou light railway station that special evening. when she saw an old beggar, she took the cold, rough hands of the woman with her warm, clean hands, and gave the woman some warm bread and helped her put on a pair of new gloves(手套). the woman was surprised for a few seconds, then burst into tears, saying “for the first time i feel respected(尊重)”.cai said, “a beggars life is very hard. thats why i want to help them.” cai was one of 14 tsinghua students spendingchristmas eve among the poor. they walked in the cold wind along the streets from 4to 7 pm on friday, visiting 15 beggars in beijings haidian district.they brought bread and gloves