操作标准-处理危险物品.doc

CXI OPERATIONAL STANDARD兴达公司操作标准HANDLING HAZARDOUS MATERIALS处理危险物品Table of contents目录1. Purpose 目的42. Scope 适用范围43. Roles and responsibilities 职责和责任43.1 Project manager 项目经理43.2 Project HES manager 项目安全经理43.3 Site manager 现场经理53.4 Worker 工人53.5 Contractor coordinator 承包商协调人54. Identifying Hazardous Chemicals and Products 辨识危险化学品和产品64.1 Identifying a hazardous chemical 辨识危险化学品64.1.1 Physical hazards 物理危害64.1.2 Health hazards 健康危害64.2 Inventory of all chemicals and products 化学品和产品的库存64.3 Identifying hazardous materials 辨识危险物品74.4 Maintaining the hazardous materials list 保存危险物品列表84.5 Exception for consumer products 顾客产品的例外85. Informing Employees about Potential Hazards 告知员工可能的危险95.1 Additional Information 额外信息95.2 Hazard communication program 危险品沟通程序95.3 New information 新的信息105.4 Contractors 承包商105.5 Transportation 运输106. Labeling Hazardous Materials 危险品标识106.1 Labeling requirements 标识的要求106.2 Applicable containers 适用的容器126.3 Fixed or stationary containers 永久或固定容器126.4 Pipes and piping systems 管道和管道系统126.5 Unlabeled containers 未标识的容器137. Maintaining Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) 保存物料安全数据表137.1 MSDS requirements 物料安全数据表要求137.2 Availability of MSDSs 物料安全数据表的取得137.3 Work station listings 工作场所列表147.4 Using MSDSs 使用物料安全数据表157.5 Requesting an MSDS from a vendor or manufacturer 从供货商处取得物料安全数据表157.6 Contents of the MSDS 物料安全数据表内容157.7 Trade secrets 商业机密187.8 Handling contractors 和承包商的沟通187.9 Vehicles 车辆188. Training 培训188.1 Providing training 培训提供188.2 General training 一般性培训198.3 Hazard Categories 危险品分类208.3.1 Carcinogen 致癌物208.3.2 Corrosive 腐蚀性208.3.3 Highly toxic 剧毒218.3.4 Irritant 刺激性218.3.5 Sensitizer敏化剂218.3.6 Toxic 有毒218.3.7 Target organ effects 目标器官影响228.4 Specific training 具体的培训248.5 Providing training 提供培训248.6 Personal protective equipment 个人防护用品258.7 Maintaining records 记录保存258.8 New information 新的信息259. Protecting Against Hazardous Materials 防危险品259.1 Providing first aid 急救259.2 Personal protective equipment个人防护用品269.3 Control measures控制措施269.4 Substitution of products物品替代269.5 Minimizing quantities减少数量269.6 Storage储存269.7 Moving chemical between containers化学物品在容器间转移279.8 Disposing of empty containers空容器的处置279.9 Pipes and piping systems管道系统279.10 Particles粒子279.11 Using closed systems使用封闭系统279.12 General ventilation一般通风系统279.13 Enclosing ventilation systems封闭式通风系统289.14 Receiving ventilation systems接收式通风系统289.15 Exterior ventilation systems外部通风系统289.16 Ventilation maintenance通风设备维护289.17 Disposal of hazardous materials危险物品处理2910. Non-Routine Task非常规任务2910.1 Scope范围2910.2 Employer Responsibilities雇主职责29HANDLING HAZARDOUS MATERIALS处理危险物品1. Purpose 目的This standard describes:本标准介绍了： the Company hazard communication program, 公司危险品沟通计划， the methods for inventorying and identifying hazardous materials, 盘点和鉴别危害物质的方法， safety procedures to protect against hazardous materials and 防止危害物质的安全程序，和 methods for emergency response. 应急反应方法。2. Scope 适用范围This standard is mandatory and applies to all Company businesses including offices and project sites.本标准为强制性标准并适用于包括办公室和项目现场的公司业务。Company respects any rules and regulation from prospective owners which are more stringent than whats specified in the standard.公司尊重比所规定标准更为严格的未来业主的规章制度。3. Roles and responsibilities 职责和责任3.1 Project manager 项目经理Project managers are responsible for:项目经理负责： communication implementation and compliance of this standard; 沟通和遵从标准； providing resources needed to implement the standard; 提供执行标准所需的资源； developing gap analysis to this standard in consultation with HES department and field personnel. 与HES部门和现场人员协商进行该标准的缺口分析。3.2 Project HES manager 项目安全经理Project managers are responsible for:项目经理负责： resourcing project with relevant expertise and know-hows; 利用相关专业知识和技术诀窍为项目提供资源； arranging and delivering trainings as required by this standard; 按照本标准要求，安排并提供培训； evaluating the program and assisting project manager to develop gap analysis; 评估计划，项目副经理负责缺口分析； maintaining and updating the list of hazardous materials of the project in assistance of site manager; 提供并更新该项目的危险物品清单，以协助现场经理；3.3 Site manager 现场经理In consultation and collaboration with HES department, each site manager will or will appoint his/her designee to:与协商HES部门并给予协助，每个现场经理或指定其人员： inform and instruct the affected personnel when the program is updated; 计划更新后，通知受影响的人员； inform employees of the program contents; 告知员工计划的内容； explain the hazardous properties of chemicals in the workplace; 解释工作地中化学物质有害性； establish safe work procedures; 建立安全工作程序； ensure the availability of the PPE required to handle the hazardous chemicals; 保证所要求的PPE可用，以便处理危险化学品； review the MSDS of new chemicals for approval before they are introduced into the workplace; 引进新化学品的MSDS（物料安全数据表）至工作地之前，对其进行审核和批准； notify employees when chemicals are introduced into the workplace; 当引进化学品至工作地时，告知员工； schedule training once a year or when necessary and 按每年确定培训或在需要时确定，并 help the local HES officers evaluate the program. 协助现场HES负责人评估计划。3.4 Worker 工人Workers are responsible for:工人负责： complying with the standard; 遵照标准行事； reporting to site manager any suspected material; 向现场经理报告任何可以材料；3.5 Contractor coordinator 承包商协调人Contractor coordinators are responsible for:承包商协调人负责： communicating Company standard and requirements to contractors they liaise with; 与其所联络的承包商沟通公司的标准和要求； resolving any conflict associating with implementation and/or compliance of the standard between contractors they liaise with and Company; 解决所联络的承包商和公司之间有关执行和/或标准遵从方面的任何冲突； evaluating the performance of the contractors they liaise with in consultation and collaboration with HES department and site managers. 以咨询的方式，评估承包商绩效并与HES部门和现场经理协作。4. Identifying Hazardous Chemicals and Products 辨识危险化学品和产品4.1 Identifying a hazardous chemical 辨识危险化学品A hazardous chemical is any chemical or mixture that presents a physical hazard or health hazard. They are established by recognized scientific testing methods performed by the manufacturer, importer or other responsible party.危险化学品是呈现物理危害或健康危害的化学品或混合物。它们是通过制造商、进口商或其他责任方使用公认的科学测试方法来确定的。4.1.1 Physical hazards 物理危害Physical hazards are caused by chemicals that can explode, burst into flame, react or create other harmful physical conditions.物理危害是由可爆炸、燃烧、反应或制造其他有害物理条件的化学品造成的。4.1.2 Health hazards 健康危害Health hazards are caused by chemicals that cause harm to the body. These include toxins, carcinogens, reproductive hazards or any agent that damages the skin, lungs, blood, nervous system, mucous membranes or eyes.健康危害是由对身体造成伤害的化学品引起的。其包括毒素、致癌物质、再生危险源或任何损害皮肤、肺、血液、神经系统、黏膜或眼睛的药剂。4.2 Inventory of all chemicals and products 化学品和产品的库存All local management needs to know which chemicals and products are present within their operations and facilities.所有现场管理人员需要了解出现在他们操作或设施中的化学品和产品。All chemicals and products, hazardous and otherwise, must be inventoried for each work area and location. A Chemical Inventory Worksheet should be completed and maintained for each chemical/product and chemical mixture. IF another form is used, THEN it should include the following information:必须对每个工作区域和地点的所有化学品和产品、危险物品和其他物质进行盘存。对于每种化学品/产品和化合物，应完善和保存化学品盘存工作表。如果使用其他表格，那么应包括下列信息： the common (brand or trade) name and chemical name of the chemical/product, 化学品/产品的常用名（品牌或商标）和化学名称， the work area that uses the chemical and amount used in normal operations, 使用化学品的工作区域和正常操作的使用量， the amount and location of the chemical at the site, 现场化学品的数量和位置， what the chemical is used for, 化学品的用途， whether the manufacturers label is affixed to the container and readable and 制造商标签是否贴在容器上并可识别，且 whether a current MSDS is available. 现行MSDS是否可用。Information on chemicals present at a facility is provided in the MSDS sheets shipped by the manufacturer. For more information on MSDSs, see Maintaining Material Safety Data Sheets in this standard.设施处化学品的信息显示在制造商提供的MSDS上。MSDS上的更多信息，参见本标准中的保持物料安全数据表。Chemical inventory information can be obtained through:化学品盘存信息可通过下列方式获得： Purchasing Department records 采购部记录 shipping and receiving records or 发货和收货记录，或 physical audits. 物理检查。Thorough audits are necessary, since chemicals and products can bypass normal purchasing channels. Audits may be conducted by:由于化学品和产品可通过一般购买渠道购买，所以彻底检查是必要的。 corporate and/or regional HSSE personnel or 公司和/或地区HES人员，或 area management. 现场管理人员。4.3 Identifying hazardous materials 辨识危险物品After the master inventory list has been created, the Administrator can identify all hazardous chemicals/products by referring to the chemicals MSDS.完成主盘存表后，行政人员可通过参考化学品MSDS辨识所有危险化学品/产品。Any chemical that is a physical or health hazard is considered to be hazardous, including:任何存在物理危害或健康危害的化学品都认为是有害的，包括： substances that are explosive, flammable, combustible or reactive, 易燃易爆或反应性物质， compressed gas, 压缩气体， oxidizers, 氧化剂 organic peroxides, 有机过氧化物， phyrophorics, 自燃物， unstable chemicals, 不稳定化学品， water-reactive chemicals, 与水反应的化学品， carcinogens, 致癌物质 irritants, 刺激物， corrosives, 腐蚀性物质， agents acting upon the blood or hematopoetic systems, 对血液或造血系统起作用的药剂， any mixture containing hazardous chemicals in concentration of one percent or more, 危险化学品浓度1%的任何混合物， any mixture containing carcinogens in a concentration of .1 percent or more and 致癌物质浓度1%的任何混合物， any mixture that contains hazardous chemicals that could exceed applicable permissible exposure limits (PELs) or threshold limit values (TLVs) on release. 任何包含可能超过适用的允许暴露极限值(PELs)或容许最高浓度(TLVs)危险化学品的化合物。4.4 Maintaining the hazardous materials list 保存危险物品列表Once the list has been completed, it must be kept up-to-date. Any new hazardous materials introduced in work areas must be be approved by the ProgramAdministrator and added to the list as soon as possible.一旦列表完善，必须保持更新。任何引进工作区域的新危险物品必须通过计划管理人批准并尽快添加到列表中。4.5 Exception for consumer products 顾客产品的例外Consumer products are exempt from the inventory, labeling, MSDS and training requirements of the hazard communication program if:在以下情况下，顾客产品可免受危险品沟通计划中盘存、挂牌、MSDS和培训等要求的约束： the products are packaged and labeled in accordance with applicable consumer products regulations; 产品包装和挂牌符合适用的顾客产品规定。 the products remain in their original consumer packaging and the consumer label is intact; 产品在顾客原有的包装中，且顾客标签完好； the products are used with the same frequency and duration as they would be used by an normal consumer; and 当产品被普通顾客所使用时，以相同的频率和期限被使用；以及 the products are used in a manner consistent with the use intended by the manufacturer. 产品以符合制造商设计用途的方式被使用。Example: The occasional use of a cleaning agent in its original consumer packaging by an office employee to clean a computer monitor would fall under the consumer product exception. The daily use of the same cleaning agent (even if in its original consumer packaging) by a maintenance employee who does such cleaning for a significant portion of a regular workday would not fall under the consumer product exception. In this case, the maintenance employees exposure to the agent exceeds the frequency and duration that would be anticipated for a normal consumer.例如：办公室员工使用原始顾客包装内的清洁剂对电脑显示器进行清洁的偶然用途将成为顾客产品的例外情况。正常工作日的大部分时间，从事清洁的维护人员使用相同清洁剂（尽管是在原始顾客包装中）的日常用途则不是顾客产品的例外情况。因此，维护人员可超出一般频率和时间接触清洁剂的需求将是普通顾客所期待的。5. Informing Employees about Potential Hazards 告知员工可能的危险5.1 Additional Information 额外信息Additional information on hazard communication is detailed in the following standards:危险品沟通的额外信息在下列标准中有详细介绍： Labeling Hazardous Materials 危险物品的挂牌 Maintaining Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) 保存物料安全数据表（MSDS） Providing Employee Training. 提供员工培训。5.2 Hazard communication program 危险品沟通程序An employers hazard communication program must be detailed in a written plan that includes:雇主的危险品沟通程序必须以书面计划的形式详细说明，包括： list(s) of hazardous chemicals present (for the workplace as a whole or for individual work areas), （所有工作地或单个工作区域）的危险化学品清单， guidelines for container labeling, signs and other forms of warning, 容器标签、标志和其他警告形式的指导方针， a plan for maintenance and distribution of material safety data sheets (MSDS), MSDS（物料安全数据表）保存和分发计划， guidelines for informing employees of the hazards associated with non-routine tasks or with chemicals in unlabeled pipes in their work areas, 非常规任务或工区无标签管道内化学品有关的危险源员工通告指导方针， guidelines for informing contractors about potential dangers to their employees and appropriate personal protection and 通知承包商关于其雇员的潜在危险和适当的人身保护的指导方针，以及 employee hazardous material training. 雇员危险物品培训。A written plan for hazard communication must be kept available for:危险品沟通的书面计划必须提供给： all employees, 所有员工， their designated representatives and 员工的指定代表，和 local regulatory authorities. 当地管理机关。5.3 New information 新的信息IF any information regarding a hazardous material changes, THEN employees must be informed as soon as possible.如果有任何关于危险物品变化的信息，必须尽快通知员工。5.4 Contractors 承包商Contractors must abide by all Company rules:承包商必须遵守所有公司规定 observe all hazard warnings; 遵守所有危害警告； take appropriate precautions and 采取适当的预防措施，和 wear personal protective gear as required. 按要求穿戴个人防护用品。5.5 Transportation 运输Drivers transporting hazardous materials must have CDL certification. They should also have MSDSs for any hazardous materials that they may be carrying at any given time. In addition, all regulatory requirements regarding placarding must be observed.运输危险物品的驾驶员必须有CDL资格证书。他们也应该有危险物品（可能在某一给定时间他们就在运输这些物质）的MSDS。另外，所有关于张贴的管理要求都应该遵守。6. Labeling Hazardous Materials 危险品标识6.1 Labeling requirements 标识的要求Manufacturers and distributors label, tag or mark each container of chemicals leaving a workplace with:制造商和批发商对离开工区的每个化学品容器贴标签、挂牌或标记，标签的作用是： the identity of the hazardous chemicals, 危险化学品识别， appropriate hazard warnings, including 正确的危害警告，包括o health hazards,o 健康危害，o fire hazards ando 火灾危害，和o reactivity ando 反应性，以及 the name and address of the chemical manufacturer, importer or other responsible party. 制造商、进口商或其他责任方的名称和地址。Example例如:For hazardous waste, labeling, tagging and marking requirements must also satisfy local transportation and safety regulations.对于有害废物，标签、挂牌和标记要求也必须满足当地运输和安全规定。Information on the labels must be:标签上的信息必须： in English and the appropriate local language (if not English), 用英语和正确的当地语言（如果不是英语）， legible and 清楚并 conspicuously displayed. 位于显著位置。IF an incoming container has no label or is incorrectly labeled, THEN reject the shipment.如果引进的容器没有标签或标签不正确，则应拒收。6.2 Applicable containers 适用的容器The labeling requirements apply to the following container types:贴标签的要求适用于下列容器类型： bags, 袋子 barrels,桶 boxes,盒子 cans,罐 bottles,瓶子 cylinders, 缸 drums and 圆桶 any other portable containers of hazardous chemicals.任何其他可移动危险化学品的容器。Exception: IF an employee transfers a small quantity of a chemical or product from its original container into a portable container for immediate use by the end of a work shift, THEN the labeling requirements do not apply. However, each operating management should assess the potential for mishap and determine the appropriate labeling for containers in immediate use situations.例外情况：如果是收工前工作班组需要立即使用时，员工从原始容器转运少量化学品或产品到一个可移动容器的情况，则标签要求不适用。但是，每个操作管理人员需要评估潜在的危害并确定立即使用情况下的容器标签方法。6.3 Fixed or stationary containers 永久或固定容器Storage tanks for diesel and gas do not require individual labeling. However, their contents must be identified by:柴油和燃气储罐不要求单独标签。但是其内含物必须通过以下方式标明： an internationally recognized symbol for fire hazard, 国际公认的火灾符号， appropriate signs, 正确的标识， placards, 布告标语牌， process sheets, 工艺卡片， batch tickets, 批票（批条）， operating procedures or 操作程序，或 other written material as established by management. 管理人员制定其他书面材料。6.4 Pipes and piping systems 管道和管道系统Before any employee begins work on unlabeled pipes, the employees supervisor or lead person will contact the Manager of Manufacturing and/or Operations. The Manager will identify the chemical in the pipes.任何员工在未标签管道上开始工作之前，员工管理人员或领导将联系制造和/或操作经理。 经理将对管道内化学品作出辨别。The local supervisor will then meet with the employee to:现场管理人员将召集雇员： review the MSDS for each hazardous chemical involved; 审核涉及到的每种危险化学品的MSDS； determine the specific hazards involved and the precautionary measures to be taken and 确定涉及到的特殊危险源和将要采取的预防措施，并 explain the environmental controls and personal protective equipment that will be necessary for the task. 解释任务中必要的环境控制和PPE。Warning signs Warning signs must be posted and maintained in hazardous chemical storage areas and work areas.警告标识 警告标识必须张贴和保留在危险化学品储存区域和工作区域。6.5 Unlabeled containers 未标识的容器IF an employee finds a container with no label, THEN he or she must report the problem to their supervisor immediately. The supervisor is responsible for labeling the container.Do not deface or remove labels except to replace them with new labels.如果员工发现容器没有标签，应立即将问题报告给管理人员。管理人员负责给容器贴上标签。不要破坏或移除标签，除非是要换上新的标签。7. Maintaining Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) 保存物料安全数据表7.1 MSDS requirements 物料安全数据表要求All hazardous chemicals present at a facility that do not fall under the consumer product exception are to have a Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS), which identifies the chemical or product and each hazardous ingredient.不属于顾客产品例外情况的所有危险化学品应有用于辨别化学品或产品和每种有害成分的物料安全数据表（MSDS）。Chemical manufacturers and importers must provide MSDSs before or when shipping a hazardous chemical to a workplace. IF an MSDS is not attached to the inventory worksheet or on file, THEN the manufacturer must be contacted as soon as possible for a copy of the MSDS.在发运危险化学品到工作地时/之前，化学品制造商和进口商必须提供MSDS。如果MSDS没有附在盘存工作表上或文件上，必须尽快联系制造商索取