重庆市高考英语 阅读理解选编97.doc

重庆市2017高考英语 阅读理解选编97阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a.b.c和d项中，选出最佳选项。 there are various reasons why cancers appear to be on the increase. for one thing, though their sufferers are to be found in all age groups, cancers are particularly likely to attack persons in their middle and advanced years. naturally, since people live longer these years, there are more cancer sufferers than before. again, with better methods of diagnosis (诊断), doctors can more easily recognize cancerous growths that would formerly have passed unnoticed or that would have been wrongly diagnosed. it is also believed that certain habits and conditions of modem living, including heavy smoking and the pollution of the air, may leave people living in more cancer-causing conditions than before.we all look forward to the day when a simple medical test can find cancer while it is still small. researchers around the world are working on such a test. most of their work deals with the examination of the blood.researchers in boston have found something in the blood of cancer patients that does not appear in healthy persons. the test showed which persons had cancer and which did not. it was correct more than 90 percent of the time.the researchers believe the test may be able to show cancer very clearly in its development. cancers discovered early usually can be treated successfully.the test examines very small bits of fat in the blood called lipids (脂质). cancers seem to change lipids although doctors do not know why. the test showed differences between the lipids of the persons with cancer and the lipids of those without cancer.the researchers say the new test could be a step to develop a simple way to check patients for cancer before the disease shows on an x-ray.1. who will fail cancer from the study of the researchers?a. the young. b. the middle age and the older.c. the man. d. the woman.2. the underlined words such a test refer to_.a. the test that shows which persons have cancer and which dont .b. the test that may be able to show cancer very early in its development,.c. a simple medical test that cannot find cancer when it is -smalld. a new test that could be a step to develop a difficult way3. which of the following statements is true according to the passage?a. cancers have much to do with something in patients blood.b. people living in better conditions are most likely to be attacked by cancer.c.x-raying is the best way to determined whether a person has cancer or not.d. cancers have nothing to do with a persons habits and living conditions.4. what would be the best title for the passage?a. a simple way to cancer b. cancers can be curedc. how to find cancer d. early discovery of cancer1. b 细节题。从第一段中的cancers are particularly likely to attack persons in their middle and advanced years可以知道癌症尤其容易在中年人和老年人的身体上发生。2. b 词义题。第二段中的a simple medical test can find cancer while it is still small；test与后面的such a test指的是同样的一种方法，所以这里的test指的是上句的“用最简单的方法诊断早期的癌症”。3. a 细节题。第三段中提到了cancer病人血液中的有些东西在健康人中没有，并且百分之九十以上的情况是这样的。b项与d项的意思与文章第一段中的certain habits and conditions of modern living including heavy smoking and pollution of the air may leave people living in more cancer-causing conditions不符；c项内容与文章最后一段的意思不符。4. d 主旨题。文章在开头就交代了写作的目的，有各种不同的理由说明了为什么癌症似乎在上升，而从后面的几段我们知道科学家们正在研究一种新的早期诊断cancer的方法。阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。for high school leavers starting out in the working world, it is very important to learn particular skills and practice how to behave in an interview or how to find an internship(实习). in some countries, schools have programs to help students onto the path to work. in the united states, however, such programs are still few and far behind. research shows that if high schools provide career-related courses, students are likely to get higher earnings in later years. the students are more likely to stay in school, graduate and go on to higher education. in germany, students as young as 13 and 14 are expected to do internships. german companies work with schools to make sure that young people get the education they need for future employment. but in america, education reform programs focus on how well students do in exams instead of bringing them into contact with the working world. harvard education school professor robert schwartz has criticized education reformers for trying to place all graduates directly on the four-year college track. schwartz argued that this approach leaves the countrys most vulnerable(易受影响的)kids with no jobs and no skills. schwartz believed that the best career programs encourage kids to go for higher education while also teach them valuable practical skills at high school. james madison high school in new york, for example, encourages students to choose classes on career-based courses. the school then helps them gain on-the-job experience in those fields while theyre still at high school. however, even for teens whose schools encourage them to connect with work, the job market is daunting. in the us, unemployment rates for 16-to-19-year-olds are above 20 percent for the third summer in a row. “the risk is that if teenagers miss out on the summer job experience, they will become part of this generation of teens who had trouble in landing a job, ”said michael, a researcher in the us. 【文章大意】文章通过与德国中学情况的比较, 说明在美国中学里很缺乏有关职业生涯的基本课程。1. in the authors opinion, american high school leavers. a. have enough career-related coursesb. need more career advice from their schoolsc. perform better in exams than german studentsd. can get higher earnings in later years【解析】选b。作者观点题。根据第四段内容可知。2. what can be inferred from the text? a. unemployment rates for us teenagers remain high at the moment. b. students with career-based courses never have problems finding a job. c. us companies work with schools to prepare young people for future employment. d. high school leavers with no practical skills cant find a job absolutely. 【解析】选a。推理判断题。根据第六段的in the us, unemployment rates for 16-to-19-year-olds are above 20 percent for the third summer in a row. 推出答案。3. whats the main idea of the text? a. arguments about recent us education reform. b. tips on finding jobs for high school leavers. c. the lack of career-based courses in us high schools. d. advice for american high school leavers. 【解析】选c。主旨大意题。文章第一段的in some countries, schools have programs to help students onto the path to work. in the united states, however, such programs are still few and far behind. 点出了主题。4. the underlined word“daunting”in paragraph 6 most probably means“”. a. discouragingb. interestingc. creatived. unbearable【解析】选a。词义猜测题。从下文的in the us, unemployment rates for 16-to-19-year-olds are above 20 percent for the third summer in a row. 可猜出词义。【长春市普通高中2016届高三质量监测（二）b阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。the coral sea is home to an amazing variety of turtles, sharks, whales, dolphins, large fish, birds, corals, plants, and many other species. many of these species are endangered elsewhere in the world, but still survive in the healthy environment of the coral sea.the coral sea is a large series of coral reefs located off the northeast coast of australia. this area is three times larger than australias famous great barrier reef, which the coral sea borders.the coral sea is one of the few coral reef environments that have remained largely undamaged by over-fishing, oil and gas exploration and pollution. however, statistics show that coral reefs around the world are disappearing five times faster than rainforests. it is very likely that in the near future the coral sea will face the same threats to its existence.the australian government is currently looking at options for protecting the coral sea but has made no decisions. environmentalists are pushing for laws to declare the coral sea area a marine protected area. this would mean a large “no-take zone” for fishermen, a no-exploration zone for gas and oil companies and a no-dump zone for pollution. this would make the coral sea a marine park larger than any in the world.we can write letters to australian leaders, australian environmental protection agencies, and australian friends, to let them know that people worldwide support this protection of the coral sea. to lose this last great marine wildness would be a loss for the whole world.for more information, click here please.1. what is the authors purpose in writing this passage? a. to teach people how to protect the coral sea. b. to call for the public awareness to protect the coral sea. c. to show the amazing features of the coral sea. d. to explain the function of the coral sea.2. which of the following is not mentioned in the passage?a. the reason for protecting the coral sea.b. the way to protect the coral sea.c. the location of the coral sea.d. the money-raising for saving the coral sea.3. what is the most important reason for protecting the coral sea?a. the coral sea, home to many species, will disappear soon.b. the coral sea is rich in oil and gas.c. the coral sea is three times larger than great barrier reef.d. the coral sea will be a marine park larger than any in the world.4. you can most probably read this passage _.a. in a guidebook.b. on a website.c. in a science textbook.d. on a tv show.b篇：【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了珊瑚海的重要性并呼吁人们保护它。1.b【命题立意】推理判断题。考查考生对作者意图的理解能力。【试题解析】根据最后一段中“to let them know that people worldwide support this protection of the coral sea”可知。2.d【命题立意】细节理解题。考查考生对具体信息的理解和提取能力【试题解析】根据文章内容可知，d 为无关选项。3.a【命题立意】细节理解题。考查考生对具体信息的理解和提取能力。【试题解析】根据文章第三段第二句和第三句可知4.b【命题立意】推理判断题。考查考生对具体信息的理解和推理判断能力【试题解析】根据文章最后一句中的“click here”可知。【长春市普通高中2016届高三质量监测（二）c阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。one of the biggest social issues in japan is the increasingly low marriage rate among young people and the small birth rate, which led to an aging and eventually shrinking（萎缩） population. most young japanese women simply dont seem interested in having many children.now what began in japan is happening globally. as david brooks wrote, birth rate is becoming smaller in much of the world, from iran 1.7 births rate per woman to russian, where low birth rates connected with high death rates mean the population is already shrinking. and this includes us, which has long had higher birth rates than most developed nations. aging countries will face the burden of caring for large elderly populations without a larger resource of young workers.its true that global aging is going to present some major challenges. who will take care of the elderly? will an older world be less active and slower to change and adapt? its all true. sometimes i worry about a coming generational war over resources, just as i worry about how i will take care of my own parents in their old age, just as i worry about who might take care of me.but heres the thing: an older world may have less pressure on the environment. as we all know, the environment is the real victim of overpopulation.so maybe a world that grows slower and grows older will put less pressure on the environment, and buy us a few more years to ensure our energy use, along with our birthrates, reaches a sustainable（可持续的）level. after all, were supposed to get smarter as we got older. hopefully that holds true for the planet as well.1. the population issue in japan was mentioned to _.a. show young peoples preference to marriageb. introduce the topic of global birth rate becoming smallerc. indicate the deeper cause of japans depressiond. emphasize the revolution of japanese women2. which of the following statements is true according to david brook?a. the birth rates all over the world are becoming smaller.b. the most developed countries have higher death rates.c. america is the only developed country with higher birth rate.d. birth rates becoming smaller means a great risk to aging countries.3. which will be caused by low birth rates according to the passage?a. aging society.b. environmental problems.c. high death rates.d. low employment rates.4. whats the authors attitude to the worldwide birth rates becoming smaller?a. anxious.b. disappointed.c. hopeful.d. doubtful.c篇：【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，老龄化国家将面临着照顾大量老龄人口的重负。对于地球而言也有利的一面给环境带来更少的压力，使我们赢得更多的时间，以确保能源消耗和生育率达到一个可持续的水平。1.b【命题立意】推理判断题。考查考生对具体信息的理解和推理判断能力。【试题解析】由题干中的the population issue in japan 定位到第一段，结合第二段首句可知。2.d【命题立意】细节理解题。考查考生对具体信息的理解和提取能力。【试题解析】由题干中的david brooks 定位到第二段。生育率降低对老龄化国家意味着重负和风险。3.a【命题立意】推理判断题。考查考生对具体信息的理解和推理判断能力。【试题解析】根据文章内容可知出生率过低会导致社会老龄化，其他三个选项均与此题无关。4.c【命题立意】推理判断题。考查考生对作者态度的理解能力。【试题解析】本文主要论述了生育率降低以及世界老龄化问题。作者在肯定问题的同时，最后两段也阐述了其利好的一面。由此可推断作者对此问题持乐观态度。【2016高考练习】阅读理解。阅读下面短文，选择最佳答案填空。aside from doing schoolwork and studying,american students must also participate in various extra-curricular activities.many students get involved in their communities by doing volunteer work at various local organizations.in fact,the school i attend even requires students to perform a certain number of hours of volunteer work per semester.it is part of our study hall(自修课)grade,as well as a graduation requirement.there are many places to do volunteer work in the community.some of my classmates volunteer at the local animal shelter,the community table(which provides free meals for needy families),charity(慈善)stores,and many others.finding a suitable place to volunteer usually depends on whats available,as well as personal interests.for example,a friend of mine who enjoys swimming volunteers at the recreation center to teach young children how to swim.with all these options out there,i ended up doing most of my volunteer work at a school library and a non-profit bookstore called friends of the library.this bookstore sells donated books at cheap prices,and all the profits made are donated to the local library.i thought it was very fitting that i do my volunteer work at a library and a bookstore,because reading has always been very important to me.i love working in the bookstore now,because every sale we make helps our public library expand,and gives it the funds needed to purchase new books.i think everyone should have the opportunity to read,and that we each should do our part to help those who dont have the chance.there is a charity event,called one book for a window of opportunity,in which chinese students can donate a book to the children of the poor vil