新（江苏专用）高考英语二轮复习 第二部分 语法 专题十三 代词.doc

专题十三代词考点1none，nothing，no one的区别1niki is always full of ideas，but_is useful to my knowledge.(2015四川，10)anothing bno onecneither dnone2my brother would like to buy a good watch but_was available from that shop.(2012江西，23)anothing bnonecno one dneither考点归纳1none可与由of连接的人或物组成短语，而nothing，no one不可。none of us went to the concert last night.昨天晚上我们中没有一个人去听音乐会。2none回答how many.或how much.的问题，而no one (nobody)和nothing则分别用来回答who.和what.的问题。how many students in your class went to the lecture?none.你们班有多少学生去听报告了？一个也没有。who did you see enter the lonely house?nobody.你看见谁进了那间僻静的房间？没看见一个人。3none可以指代前面提到的人或物；no one (nobody)和nothing没有这种作用。he has a brother，but i have none.他有一个兄弟，而我一个也没有。考点2none，neither，all，both，either，any的区别1the research group produced two reports based on the survey，but _ contained any useful suggestions.(2015福建，21)aall bnoneceither dneither2when shall i call，in the morning or afternoon?_.ill be in all day.(2014江西，32)aany bnonecneither deither 3although rosemary had suffered from a serious illness for years，she lost _ of her enthusiasm for life.(2013陕西，22)asome bneithercnone dall4its an eitheror situationwe can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we cant do_.(2013新课标全国，14)aothers beithercanother dboth考点归纳1none表示三者或三者以上都不；neither表示两者都不。2all表示三者或三者以上都；both表示两者都。3any表示三者或三者以上中任何一个；either表示两者中任何一个。考点3one，that，it，those的区别1the quality of education in this small school is better than _ in some larger schools.(2015天津，2)athat bonecit dthis2half of _ surveyed in 16 countries say they go first to their closest friend to share their deepest wishes and darkest fears.(2013浙江，11)athese bsomecones dthose3new technologies have made _ possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost.(2012四川，2)athat bthiscone dit4if youre buying todays paper from the stand，could you get _ for me？(2012辽宁，28)aone bsuchcthis dthat考点归纳1it所代替的是前面提到过的同一事物，而one所代替的是同类事物中的“一个”，onea/an名词，它可以用来代替可数名词单数，其复数形式是ones。i cant find my pen.do you see it?我找不到我的钢笔了。你看见它了吗？i need a bike but i have no money to buy one.我需要一辆自行车，可我没钱买。2thatthe名词，它既可代替可数名词，也可代替不可数名词，它所代替的也是同类事物。his behavior was not that of gentleman.他的行为不是正人君子的行为。3those替代上文中提到的复数名词，既可指人，也可指物，those指人时，后须跟定语。those who break the law will be punished.那些违反法律的人会受到惩罚。考点4it的用法1how would you like _ if you were watching your favorite tv program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you？(2015浙江，12)athem bone cthose dit2whos that at the door?_ is the milkman.(2014大纲全国，25)ahe bit cthis dthat3susan made _ clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.(2014山东，4)athat bthis cit dher4an average of just 18.75 cm of rain fell last year，making _ the driest year since california became a state in 1850.(2014浙江，3)aeach bit cthis done考点归纳1it作形式主语或形式宾语代替不定式、动名词或从句。its no use arguing with him.与他争辩是没有用的。2注意下列句型中的it(1)it is时间段since.自从以来多久了(2)it was时间段before过去时多久以后才(3)it will be时间段before一般现在时多久之后才能(4)it wont be long before.不久就(5)it is/was被强调部分that.(6)it is (high) time thatshould do/一般过去时到了的时候了(7)it be (just) like sb.to do.像某人做某事的风格(8)it bethe序数词timethat.这是某人第几次做(9)i dislike it when.我讨厌考点5another，(the) other，(the) others的区别1to warm himself，the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against _.(2015陕西，13)aanother bthe othercother deither2in some countries，people eat with chopsticks，while in_，knives and forks.(2014福建，21)aanother botherscboth dall3recycling is one way to protect the environment；reusing is _.(2013重庆，31)aanother bthe othercone another done考点归纳1other作前置定语，修饰单数或复数名词。ill come again some other day.我改日再来。2another用于泛指三者以上的不定数目中的“另一个”，所修饰名词前不加冠词。i dont want this one.please give me another.我不想要这一个，请给我另一个。3the other表示两者中的“另一个”或两部分中的“另一部分”，是特指。she has two children.one is a boy；the other is a girl.她有两个孩子，一个是男孩，另一个是女孩。4others用作代词，泛指“其他人”或“其他物”。some say yes，and others say no.有人说对，有人说不对。5the others指整体中除去一部分后，剩余的全部。there are fiftyfive students in our class.thirty of us are girls；the others are boys.我们班有五十五个学生，三十个是女生，其余的是男生。考点6复合不定代词1the meeting will be held in september，but _ knows the date for sure.(2015重庆，2)aeverybody bnobodycanybody dsomebody2i think mrs.stark could be _ between 50 and 60 years of age.(2014大纲全国，28) aanywhere banybodycanyhow danything3good families are much to all their members，but _ to none.(2014江苏，34)asomething banythingceverything dnothing4you can ask anyone for help._ here is willing to lend you a hand.(2014安徽，24)aone bno oneceveryone dsomeone5a smile costs _，but gives much.(2014重庆，1)aanything bsomethingcnothing deverything考点归纳some类复合不定代词主要用于肯定句中，any类复合不定代词主要用于否定句、疑问句和条件句中。当some类复合不定代词用于否定句、疑问句和条件句时，表示希望得到肯定回答。any类复合不定代词用于肯定句时，表示“任何”之意。由one和body构成的不定代词可以互换使用。解题方法方法1明确指代法在解答代词题目时，我们应首先分析前后文，明确代词所指代的对象，从而避免误判。具体说来应从以下几方面考虑：1)代词指代的是人还是物；2)代词指代的是可数名词还是不可数名词；3)代词指代的是特指还是泛指概念；4)代词指代的概念是表示两者之间还是三者或三者以上；5)代词所表示的是肯定还是否定概念。(1)the cost of renting a house in central xian is higher than _ in any other area of the city.athat bthis cit done答案a解析本题考查的是代词的指代用法。句意为：西安市中心的房租比这个城市内其他地段的房租都贵。首先将此句改为：the cost of renting a house in central xian is higher than the cost in any other area of the city.，然后考虑用that代替特指的不可数名词the cost。(2)the fact that she was foreign made _difficult for her to get a job in that country.aso bmuch cthat dit答案d解析考查it的用法。句意为：她是外国人的事实使得她在那个国家很难找到工作。句中for her to get a job in that country是动词不定式的复合结构作made的宾语，difficult是宾语补足语，此处要用it作形式宾语，其他词没有这种用法。方法2理清逻辑法理清逻辑法主要是通过分析上下文所蕴涵的逻辑关系来做出正确判断。具体说来应从以下方面去考虑：1)代词所表示的范围；2)代词表示的是全部否定还是部分否定。(1)if our parents do everything for us children，we wont learn to depend on _.athemselves bthemcus dourselves答案d解析本题考查代词。句意为：如果我们的父母为我们这些孩子做了所有的一切，我们就学不会独立。由句意和句中的we可排除a、b两项；空格处用反身代词作宾语与主语保持一致。(2)you are a team star！working with _ is really your cup of tea.aboth beithercothers dthe other答案c解析句意为：你是一个有团队精神的人，与别人合作对你来说太容易了。others其他人；the other两者中的另外一个；both两者都；either(两者之中)任一的。a、b、d三项均不符合句意。提醒：完成作业强化练(十三)二轮专题强化练强化练(十三)强化练(十三)代词(建议用时：12分钟)1_ can help but be fascinated by the world into which he is taken by the science fiction.(2015泰州二模，22)anobody banybodycsomebody deverybody2each misfortune you come across will carry with _ the seed of tomorrows good luck.so hang on until you succeed.(2015苏锡常镇一模，23)aone bsomecthat dit3everyone doesnt agree to the plan.some support it while im one of _ opposed to it.(2015江苏启东中学调研，21)athose who bwhocthose dthat4a new study suggests that yelling at children may have consequences that are beyond _ of beating them.(2014苏锡常镇一模，27)aones bthesecthose dthat5it goes beyond doubt that australia is a sporting nation，_ you can feel their enthusiasm about sport.(2014镇江零模，23)aone where bthe one wherecone that dthe one that6the key to a happy，healthy marriage is choosing _ who is a lot like you.anobody beveryonecnone dsomeone7various solutions have been provided for us to solve the problem.we can choose _ to start with.ait bthat ceach done8almost 90% of the most popular video games contain violence，and _ of it is extremely violent.anothing bmuchcnone dmany9we needed a new cupboard for the kitchen.so peter made _ from some wood.ait bonechimself danother10_ person is not prepared for this examination，for example，zhang gong and wang lin havent finished reviewing their lessons.aeach beverycall dnone11some friends tried to settle the quarrel between mr.and mrs.brown without hurting the feeling of _，but failed.anone beithercboth dneither12the greens bought a new house but _ will need a lot of work before they can move in.athey bitcone dwhich13id love to find a satisfactory job upon graduation from college，_ which combines interest and a good salary.aone bitcthe one dthat14change can be scary，but its during transformations that some of the best opportunities present _.ait bonecthose dthemselves15the greens shop has been broken into three times in the last two years，_ resulting in their great loss.aeach beverycany deither16i have made _ a rule that i buy a copy of english square every month.aone bthatcthis dit17could you tell me how to get to heping street?heping street？_ is where the shopping centre is.asuch bthere cthat dthis18_ comes as no surprise that san francisco wins the honor as the fittest city in the us for its steep hills and fresh food.ait bthat cthis dwhat19i havent read _ of his books，but judging from the one i have read i think hes a very promising writer.aany bnone cboth deither20look at the price of that bike！it is practically the same as _ of a new motorcycle.aone bthis cit dthat学生用书答案精析专题十三代词考点11d考查代词。句意为：niki总是有很多想法，但是据我所知，没有一个想法有用。nothing什么都没有，没有东西；no one指人，故选项b错误；neither两者都不，语意不符；none既可指人，也可指物，故此题选d。2b句意为：我哥哥想买一块好表，可是那家商店里没有。本题强调在那家商店里没有一块我哥哥想买的那种好手表，强调数量。nothing指物，但不强调数量；none既可指人，也可指物，还可以强调数量；no one指人；neither指两者都不。考点21d句意为：这个研究组发布了以这个调查为基础的两个报道，但是都没有有用的建议。根据题干中的two reports和but可知，此处表示“两者都不”，所以用neither。2d考查代词。句意为：我什么时候打电话过来，早晨还是下午？都可以，我一直都在。根据句意可知是在早晨和下午这两种情况中做出选择。a、b两项通常都表示三者或三者以上的情况；neither表示两者都不；either表两者中选择其一。故d项符合题意。3c句意为：尽管rosemary多年来遭受严重的疾病折磨，但是她从没有失去对生活的热情。根据句意可以将a、d两项排除。neither表示“(两者)都不”，而none(与of连用)用于复数名词前时表示“(三者或三者以上的人或物)都不”，用于不可数名词前时表示“都不，一点也不”。4d句意为：我们只能二选一要么我们今年买一辆新车，要么我们去度假，但是我们不能两项都做。分析句意可知，这是在两者之间进行选择，所以排除a、c两项；either用在否定句中表示全部否定，而both用在否定句中表示部分否定，所以选d。考点31a考查代词辨析。句意为：这所规模较小的学校的教育质量比一些规模较大的学校的教育质量好得多。表示比较时，指代前面的the quality of education要用that。one与that虽可用来指代同名异物，但one为泛指，相当于a/an名词；that为特指，相当于the名词。one所指代的名词的修饰语一般为 a/an/some/any；that所指代的名词的修饰语往往是the/this/that。2d考查代词。句意为：在十六个国家的那些被调查者中，有一半人说他们会首先到最好的朋友那里诉说自己内心深处的愿望和恐惧。thosethe ones在句中充当定语的先行词；these只能作指示代词，不可作先行词；some是泛指，无法接定语；因为有half of在前面，后面一定接含有the概念的代词，所以c项也不对。故答案为d项。3d考查代词。题干为固定句型：makeitadj.to do。其中it作形式宾语，替代动词不定式to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost。句意为：新兴科技已经使更快地、以更低的成本生产新产品成为可能。4apaper作“报纸”讲时是可数名词。结合情景，说话人要对方给自己捎一份报纸，也就是a paper，而与此相对应的就是one。句意为：如果你要从书报摊买今天的报纸，你能给我买一份吗？除了a项外的其他三个选项都可以用作代词，代替名词，但是用法不一样。such意为“这类的(上文提到的人或物)”，且在句中作定语或主语；this指将要提到的内容；that指刚提到过的内容。考点41d考查代词辨析。句意为：如果你正在看最喜爱的电视节目，这时有人进来没有征求你的意见就把电视关了，你会怎么想？固定表达how would you like it if.，在此结构中it代替后面if从句的内容。2b考查代词。句意为：谁在门口？是送奶员。由语境可知，此处指“不知道性别的某个人”，要用it表示，故b项正确。this与that均为指示代词，但是没有此用法。3c考查代词。根据句意和句子结构可知从句“她想为自己创造新生活”是make的真正宾语，故空格处应填入形式宾语it。4b考查替代词。句意为：去年平均降雨量仅为18.75厘米，使其成为自1850年加利福尼亚成为州以来最干旱的一年。由语境可知，空格处替代前面提到的last year，为同名同物的指代，用it。each每一；this这个；one一个，泛指“同类当中的一个”。考点51b考查代词。句意为：为了让自己暖和起来，这个水手坐在火堆旁，光着脚，用一只脚搓另一只脚。表示“两者中的一个另一个”用one.the other.。2b考查代词。句意为：在一些国家，人们用筷子吃饭，然而在另一些国家，人们用刀子和叉子。some.others.是固定用法，意为“一些另一些”，故选b项。3a考查代词。句意为：回收利用是保护环境的一种方法，重复利用是另外一种方法。the other是两者之中的另一；another是三者或三者以上之中的另一。保护环境的方法有很多种，故不能选b项；one another意为“互相”，不合题意。考点61b考查代词。句意为：会议将在九月召开，但是没人知道具体日期。句中的 but表转折，根据句意可知应选nobody。2a考查不定代词与不定副词的意义辨析。句意为：我认为斯塔克夫人可能在50到60岁之间。anywhere在任何地方；anybody任何人；anyhow不管怎样，无论如何；anything任何事情。实际上本题中含有固定搭配anywhere between.and.，意为“数目在之间，大约”，该固定搭配也可用anywhere from.to.表示。3c考查代词。句意为：优秀的家庭对她的成员来说意味着很多，但绝不是全部。everything to none为部分否定，相当于good families are not everything to any one of their members.。4c考查代词。句意为：你可以向任何人求助。这儿的每个人都愿意为你提供帮助。由前半句设置的情景可知，所填词应为everyone。5c考查代词。句意为：微笑是无需付出任何成本的，但是却给予很多。cost nothing意为“无需付出”。二轮专题强化练答案精析强化练(十三)代词1a句意为：任何人都禁不住被科幻小说带进来的世界吸引住。cant help but do sth.忍不住做某事/禁不住做某事，为固定结构，此句的否定体现在主语nobody上，nobody can help but.相当于anybody cant help but.，故选a项。2d句意为：你所遇到的每一次不幸的遭遇都会带着明天好运的种子。因此坚持下去，直到你成功。本题中的you come across为省略了关系代词的定语从句，carry的宾语被后置了，题干的基本结构应为：each misfortune will carry the seed of tomorrows good luck with it.。it此处指代each misfortune，故选d项。3c句意为：不是每人都同意这个计划。有些人支持，而我是反对的人中的一个。由于opposed to是一个形容词短语，如选those who，应在opposed前加are；those指代those people，被形容词短语opposed to it修饰，故选c项。4c句意为：一项新的研究表明朝孩子吼叫带来的后果可能会超过打他们带来的后果。ones可以替代泛指的可数名词复数；that可以替代不可数名词或可数名词单数；these不可作替代词；those用来替代特指的可数名词复数，此处相当于the consequences。故选c项。5a句意为：毫无疑问，澳大利亚是一个体育之国，一个你能感受到人们对体育的热情的国度。本题结合定语从句考查替代词的用法。根据题意，“一个的国家”为泛指，应用one来替代；另外one后带有定语从句，关系词在从句中作地点状语，需