河南省陕州中学高三英语上学期阶段性考试前模拟训练试题（含解析）.doc

河南省陕州中学2016届高三英语上学期阶段性考试前模拟训练试题（含解析） 时间：120分钟 满分：150分第卷第二部分 阅读理解 （共两节，满分40分）第一节 （共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文 ，从每题所给的四个选项 （a 、b 、c 和 d ）中 ，选出最佳选项 ，并在题卡上将该项涂黑。 avisitors worry that london is an expensive city but there really are so many free things to do here. the following ideas should get you started. all of londons major museums are free, but most offer some special exhibitions for a fee. my favorite is the museum of london where you can learn the history of london from roman times to today. and i love the geffrye museum which shows english domestic interiors and helps bring to life what it was really like to live in london. i regularly hear people tell me the queen marys rose gardens in regents park is their favorite spot in london, and who am i to argue? i would also recommend st. jamess park as it offers one of the best views of buckingham palace. hyde park is enormous and kensington gardens nearby includes the ever popular diana memorial playground and the peter pan statue. no visit to london is complete without seeing this military tradition. the queens guard in london changes in the forecourt inside the gates of buckingham palace at 11.30am every day in the summer and every other day in the winter. get there early and view the spectacle from outside the front gates. trafalgar square is one of britains greatest visitor attractions and was designed by john nash in the 1820s and constructed in the 1830s. this iconic square has many sights to see including nelsons column and the national gallery. it is both a tourist attraction and the main focus for political demonstrations. every december, norway donates a marvelous christmas tree, to thank britain for liberation from the nazis. 21. where can visitors find the peter pan statue?a. in regents park. b. in st. jamess park.c. in hyde park. d. in kensington gardens.22. which of the following descriptions is true?a. in the geffrye museum visitors can learn the history of london from roman times to today.b. the queen marys rose gardens is in buckingham palace. c. there is the queens guard change inside the gates of buckingham palace at 11.30 am every day all year around.d. trafalgar square is both a tourist attraction and a place for political demonstrations.23. the writer wrote the passage to _. a .compare some free places in london. b. advertise some free places in london. c. recommend some free places in london. d. expose some free places in london.【答案】21.d22.d23.c【解析】试题分析:本文作者向想到伦敦旅游的游客们推荐几个可以免费游览的好去处。21.d细节理解题。根据第三段hyde park is enormous and kensington gardens nearby includes the ever popular diana memorial playground and the peter pan statue. 可知graham是一个吸毒者，由此判断他和朋友们都注射毒品，故选d。22.d细节理解题。根据最后一段trafalgar square is one of britains greatest visitor attractions and was designed by john nash in the 1820s and constructed in the 1830s. . it is both a tourist attraction and the main focus for political demonstrations.可知伦敦特法拉广场不仅是一个旅游景点也是一个主要的政治示威场地，故选d。23.c 主旨大意题。根据第一段visitors worry that london is an expensive city but there really are so many free things to do here. the following ideas should get you started.可知本文作者向想到伦敦旅游的游客们推荐几个可以免费游览的好去处，故选c。考点：考查旅游类短文阅读bbeijing - a research team led by chinese scientists have discovered dietary modulation of gut microbiota（膳食干预肠道菌群）can alleviate both genetic and simple obesity in children.the findings of the team, led by zhao liping with shanghai jiaotong university, yin aihua with the guangdong province childrens hospital, and tang huiru with chinese academy of sciences, have been published on ebiomedicine, a renowned medical journal co-sponsored by cell and the lancet in july.the team identified bacterial genomes specifically for producing obesity-related metabolites（代谢物）, and said an improved gut microbiota can significantly help to treat genetic obesity such as prader-willi syndrome (pws).beginning in childhood, pws affected kids develop an insatiable appetite, leading to chronic overeating and obesity. the scientists used a diet therapy with beneficial gut bacteria on trial patients and found considerable diminished appetite, weight loss and improved health conditions on the patients.the paper concluded dysbiosis （失调）of gut microbiota is highly related with both genetic and simple obesity in children, implicating dietary modulation of gut microbiota a potentially effective treatment method.24. which of the following factors contributes to child obesity?a. dietary modulation of gut microbiota b. beneficial gut bacteria c. an improved gut microbiota d. dysbiosis of gut microbiota25. which can replace the underlined word “diminished”？a. unsatisfied b. increased c. decreased d. good 26. where is the passage extracted?a. medicine book b science book c. doctors instructions d news report27. which might be the best title for the passage?a. chinese scientists discover treatment to child obesity.b .the reasons for genetic obesity in children has been found.c. obesity-related research has been done by chinese scientists.d. an effective treatment to obesity has been found. 【答案】24.d25.c26.d27.a【解析】试题分析:本文介绍了：中国科学家们发现肠道菌群失调是影响儿童单纯性肥胖症和遗传性肥胖的主要因素,可以通过膳食来干预肠道菌群，这一发现为儿童单纯性肥胖症的防治提供依据。24.d推理判断题。根据最后一段the paper concluded dysbiosis （失调）of gut microbiota is highly related with both genetic and simple obesity in children,可知肠道菌群失调会引起儿童肥胖，故选d。25.c猜测词义题。根据第五段 diminished appetite, weight loss and improved health conditions on the patients. 中划线词后面是体重下降，健康状况改善可知是胃口食欲减损，选c。26.d推理判断题。根据文章内容得知这是一篇关于健康的报道，应该是摘自于新闻报道中的科研板块 故选d。27.a 最佳标题题。文章介绍了中国科学家们发现：肠道菌群失调是影响儿童单纯性肥胖症和遗传性肥胖的主要因素,可以通过膳食来干预肠道菌群，这一发现为儿童单纯性肥胖症的防治提供依据，故选a。考点：考查健康研究类短文阅读cgetting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a good thing. however, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.in the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. a particular danger was thought to lie in public baths. by 1538, the french king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. so did the king of england in 1546. thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in europe lived with dirt in a friendly way. henry iv, king of france, was famously dirty. upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath, the king ordered that, to avoid the attack of disease, the nobleman should not go out.though the belief in the merit of dirt was long-lived, dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18th century. scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health. clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease. yet, it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since world war . advertisements repeatedly sell the idea: clothes need to be whiter than white, cloths ever softer, surfaces to shine. has the hate for dirt, however, gone too far?attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt, which might be responsible for the spread of disease.on the contrary, mary ruebush, an american immunologist(免疫学家)，encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system. and the latter position is gaining some ground.28. the kings of france and england in the 16th century closed bath houses because .a. they lived healthily in a dirty environment.b. they believed disease could be spread in public baths c. they thought bath houses were too dirty to stay ind. they considered bathing as the cause of skin disease29. which of the following best describes henry ivs attitude to bathing?a. approving. b. afraid. c. curious d. uninterested.30. how does the passage mainly develop?a. by providing examples. b. by making comparisons.c. by following the order of time. d. by following the order of importance.31. what is the authors purpose in writing the passage?a. to stress the role of dirt. b. to introduce the history of dirt.c. to call attention to the danger of dirt. d. to present the change of views on dirt.【答案】28.b29.b30.c31.d考点：考查历史知识类短文阅读dwelcome to your future life!you get up in the morning and look into the mirror. your face is firm and young-looking. in 2035, medical technology is better than ever. many people your age could live to be 150, so at 40, youre not old at all. and your parents just had an anti-aging(抗衰老的) treatment. now, all three of you look the same age!you say to your shirt, “turn red.” it changes from blue to red. in 2035, “smart clothes” contain particles(粒子) much smaller than the cells in your body. the particles can be programmed to change clothes color or pattern.you walk into the kitchen. you pick up the milk, but a voice says, “you shouldnt drink that!” your fridge has read the chip (芯片) that contains information about the milk , and it knows the milk is old . in 2035, every article of food in the grocery store has such a chip.its time to go to work. in 2035, cars drive themselves. just tell your “smart car” where to go. on the way, you can call a friend using your jacket sleeve. such “smart technology” is all around you.so will all these things come true? “for new technology to succeed,” says scientist andrew zolli, “it has to be so much better that it replaces what we have already.” the internet is one example - what will be the next?32. we can learn from the text that in the future_.a. people will never get old b. everyone will look the samec. red will be the most popular color d. clothes will be able to change their pattern33. what can be inferred from paragraph 4?a. milk will be harmful to health.b. more drinks will be available for sale.c. milk in the grocery store will stay fresh much longer.d. food in the grocery store will carry electronic information.34. which of the following is mentioned in the text?a. fridges will know what people need.b. jacket sleeves can be used as a guide.c. cars will be able to drive automatically. d. nothing can replace the internet.35. what is the text mainly about?a. future technology in everyday life.b. food and clothing in 2035.c. medical treatments of the future. d. the reason for the success of new technology. 【答案】32.d33.d34.c35.a【解析】试题分析:本文是科技小短文，主要畅想了未来30-50年人们生活所发生的一系列变化。32. d 细节理解题。根据第二段the particles can be programmed to change your clothes color or pattern.进行推断：在未来你所穿的衣服可以通过变化粒子来改变颜色和样式。a和b都与第一段的内容相关，但不是推断结果；c与文章内容无关。，选c。33.d推理判断题。根据第四段的最后一句话in 2035, every article of food in the grocery store has such a chip.进行推断：未来商店的食物都含有一个芯片，故选d。34.c推理判断题。根据第四段判断a错误，冰箱只能告诉你食物信息；根据第三段判断b错误,衣服可以改变颜色和样式但没有说可以当作向导。文章的最后一句话判断d错，因特网也会在未来被替代；用排除法判断c正确在未来，汽车可以无人驾驶，故选c。35.a 主旨大意题。根据本文主要内容都是叙述的是在未来人们的衣食住行的变化，可知选a。考点：考查科技类短文阅读第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 while the rest of the world is waking up as the weather turns warm, our bodies may not respond the same way. many of us may share the same feeling of inexplicable drowsiness as we embrace spring, and traditional chinese medicine (tcm) has a term for it: chunkun, spring sleepiness._36_.1. dont sleep more, exercise moreeight hours of sleep is usually enough for adults. getting longer sleep may reduce activity in the cerebral cortex, making people sleepier. _37_. aerobic exercise, such as jogging, swimming and rope skipping, are recommended.2._38_a cup of coffee or tea that contains a good amount of caffeine is good for the health, and is important to keep us alert for important occasions, such as crucial meeting. however, too much coffee may cause an accelerated heartbeat, anxiety and other symptoms that may be linked to heart problems.3. splash cold water on your faceif a cup of coffee doesnt keep you awake long enough, try splashing cold water on your face, which is always refreshing.4. get some fresh air_39_. bad air flow will lead to insufficient oxygen, which will affect the brains performance. 5. drink enough water try to always have a bottle of water next to you, as it can help to eliminate accumulated toxins and help to fight spring fatigue. _40_.if none of the above tips work for you, you should be fine by the end of april.a. fight back with caffeine but do not overdoseb. find the natural scent that awakes you c. make sure that air flows properly in your office and bedroom.d. you can also add slices of lemon to make it vitamin-rich.e. also go outdoors to get close to nature.f. although spring sleepiness is not an illness, the following tips might be essential for those who really need to stay awake.g. instead, a slight increase of the level of your physical activity will make us feel awake and energetic.【答案】36.f37.g38.a39.c40.d【解析】试题分析:春天是万物复苏，生机勃勃的季节，在这春暖花开的时候，人却常感到困倦，特别爱睡，所以古人说“春眠不觉晓”。本文介绍了五种方法来克服“春眠”。36.f 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。前句介绍春暖花开的时候人们却困倦欲睡，下文提到了五个技巧，由此判断空格内容提到了如何克服春困的问题，而f选项内容although spring sleepiness is not an illness, the following tips might be essential for those who really need to stay awake.恰好符合语境，起到承接作用，故选f。37.g考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。标题建议少睡多锻炼，由此可知建议我们增加锻炼的活动会使我们保持清醒，判断g选项instead, a slight increase of the level of your physical activity will make us feel awake and energetic.符合语境。38.a考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段介绍了使用咖啡或茶来提神，但是过量会导致心跳加快、焦虑等，由此判断a选项fight back with caffeine but do not overdose.可以起到统领本段的作用，选a。39.c考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。标题建议应该多呼吸新鲜空气，下文提到了浑浊的空气让人缺氧，而c选项make sure that air flows properly in your office and bedroom.恰好是对标题的进一步解释，故选c。40.d考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。前句提到多喝水，从而推断后句内容应涉及饮食方面，而d选项you can also add slices of lemon to make it vitamin-rich.是介绍加几片柠檬给人们带来的好处，故选d。考点：考查信息匹配第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。it was a bitter, cold evening in northern virginia many years ago. the old man was _41_ for a ride across the river. the wait seemed _42_. his body became stiff(僵硬的) from the cold north wind.he heard the _43_ of approaching hooves(马蹄) running along the frozen path. anxiously, he _44_ as several horsemen rounded the bend. he let the first one pass by _45_ an effort to get his attention. then another passed by, and another. _46_, the last rider drew near. the old man caught the riders eyes and said, “sir, would you _47_ giving an old man a ride to the other side?”reining (勒住) his horse, the rider replied, “sure thing. hop_48_.” the horseman got off and helped the old man onto the horse. he took the old man not _49_ across the river, but to his destination.as they neared the tiny but cozy cottage, the horsemans _50_ caused him to inquire, “sir, i noticed that you let several other riders pass by. im curious _51_ you would wait and ask the last rider. what if i had _52_ and left you there?”the old man replied, “i looked into the eyes of the other _53_ and immediately saw there was no concern for my situation. it would have been _54_ even to ask them for a ride. but when i looked into your eyes, kindness and compassion were _55_. i knew your gentle spirit would _56_ the opportunity to help me.”those heartwarming comments _57_ the horseman deeply. “im most _58_ for what you have said,” he told the old man. “may i _59_ get too busy in my own affairs so that i fail to _60_ to the needs of others with kindness and compassion.” with that, thomas jefferson turned his horse around and made his way back to the white house.41.a.waiting b.searching c.preparing d.leaving42.a.wordless b.priceless c.careless d.endless43.a.number b.distance c.rhythm d.length44.a.stopped b.watched c.followed d.wandered45.a.beyond b.with c.through d.without46.a.finally b.luckily c.sadly d.slowly47.a.enjoy b.avoid c.mind d.admit48.a.ahead b.aboard c.below d.above49.a.still b.yet c.even d.just50.a.courage b.determination c.curiosity d.bravery51.a.why b.when c.how d.where52.a.agreed b.changed c.escaped d.refused53.a.soldiers b.riders c.leaders d.enemies54.a.successful b.necessary c.useless d.impolite55.a.obvious b.missing c.hidden d.helpful56.a.order b.force c.allow d.welcome57.a.affected b.touched c.injured d.shocked58.a.careful b.peaceful c.grateful d.powerful59.a.never b.always c.usually d.often60.a.stick b.lead c.point d.respond【答案】41.a42.d43.c44.b45.d46.a47.c48.b49.d50.c51.a52.d53.b54.c55.a56.d57.b58.c59.a60.d【解析】试题分析：本文是一篇记叙文。在一个寒冷的傍晚，一个老人等待过路的骑者带他过河。然而好几个骑者过去了，老人都无动于衷。当最后一个骑者过来时，老人请求他的帮助。他们顺利的到达了目的地。骑者很好奇的问老人为什么不寻求前面几个人的帮助。老人回答说自己没有在他们的眼中看到关心，而从这最后一位骑者眼中看到了。这位骑者就是托马斯.杰斐逊。41.a考查动词。a.waiting 等待 ； b.searching 寻找； c.preparing 准备； d.leaving离开；从下句the wait提示词，可知老人在等待带他过河的骑者，故选a。42.d考查形容词。a.wordless沉默的；无言的； b.priceless 无价之宝的；c.careless 粗心的；d.endless无尽头的；根据通常等待的人都会觉得时间过得慢，而这样寒冷的夜晚就更漫长，另外下段的at last，以及后面的老人都冻僵了的描写都是线索。所以，故选d。43.c考查名词。a.number 数字；b.distance 距离；c.rhythm 旋律； d.length长度；根据下文中several horsemen”好几个骑者“骑着马临近，可知过了很长时间老人才听到了有节奏的马蹄声，故选c。44. b考查动词。a.stopped停止；b.watched 观看；c.followed跟着； d.wandered闲逛；从第五段老人解释他为什么只向最后一位骑手求助的原因可以看出，他是根据这些骑手的眼神做出判断的，所以watch正确。故判断选b。45. d考查介词。a.beyond超出； b.with 和；伴随；c.through 穿过； d.without没有