（讲练测）高考英语二轮复习 专题05 阅读理解Ⅲ：推理判断题（练）（含解析）.doc

专题5 阅读理解：推理判断题2015全国卷 c more students than ever before are taking a gap year(间隔年) before going to university.it used to be called the “year off” between school and university.the gapyear phenomenon originated(起源) with the months left over to oxbridge applicants between entrance exams in november and the start of the next academic year. this year, 25，310 students who have accepted places in higher education institutions have put off their entry until next year, according to statistics on university entrance provided by the university and college admissions service(ucas) that is a record 14.7% increase in the number of students taking a gap year. tony higgins from ucas said that the statistics are good news for everyone in higher education. “students who take a wellplanned year out are more likely to be satisfied with, and complete, their chosen course. students who take a gap year are often more mature and responsible，” he said. but not everyone is happy. owain james, the president of the national union of students(nus), argued that the increase is evidence of student hardshipyoung people are being forced into earning money before finishing their education. “new students are now aware that they are likely to leave university up to 15，000 in debt. it is not surprising that more and more students are taking a gap year to earn money to support their study for the degree.nus statistics show that over 40% of students are forced to work during term time and the figure increases to 90% during vacation periods，” he said.31. how does owain james feel about the gapyear phenomenon?ahes puzzled.bhes worried.ches surprised.dhes annoyed.【文章大意】 本文主要介绍了越来越多的学生们在上大学之前采取了“间隔年”的方式，即推迟上大学的时间，在此期间挣钱赚取上学的学费等，以及人们对于这种做法的赞成和反对的观点。 2015全国卷 amy colour television has given me nothing but a headache.i was able to buy it a little over a year ago because i had my relatives give me money for my birthday instead of a lot of clothes that wouldnt fit.i let a salesclerk fool me into buying a discontinued model. i realized this a day later，when i saw newspaper advertisements for the set at seventyfive dollars less than i had paid.the set worked so beautifully when i first got it home that i would keep it on until stations signed_off for the night. fortunately, i didnt get any channels showing allnight movies or i would never have gotten to bed.then i started developing a problem with the set that involved static(静电) noise. for some reason，when certain shows switched into a commercial, a loud noise would sound for a few seconds. gradually，this noise began to appear during a show, and to get rid of it，i had to change to another channel and then change it back.sometimes this technique would not work，and i had to pick up the set and shake it to remove the sound. i actually began to build up my arm muscles(肌肉) shaking my set.when neither of these methods removed the static noise，i would sit helplessly and wait for the noise to go away.at last i ended up hitting the set with my fist，and it stopped working altogether.my trip to the repair shop cost me $62, and the set is working well now，but i keep expecting more trouble.24. how does the author sound when telling the story?acurious.banxious.ccautious.dhumorous.24. d推理判断题。这是一道推理作者讲述故事的时候，以什么口吻来讲述的试题。文章中第一段提到“fortunately, i didnt get any channels showing allnight movies or i would never have gotten to bed.”；第二段提到当作者不断地摇晃电视来消除噪声的时候， 作者说了“i actually began to build up my arm muscles(肌肉)”。这些都体现了作者幽默的叙述手法。故选择d项。2015全国卷 bthe freezing northeast hasnt been a terribly fun place to spend time this winter, so when the chance came for a weekend to sarasota, florida, my bags were packed before you could say “sunshine”. i left for the land of warmth and vitamin c(维生素c), thinking of beaches and orange trees. when we touched down to blue skies and warm air, i sent up a small prayer of gratefulness. swimming pools, wine tasting, and pink sunsets(at normal evening hours, not 4 in the afternoon) filled the weekend, but the best partparticularly to my taste, dulled by months of coldweather root vegetableswas a 7 am adventure to the sarasota farmers market that proved to be more than worth the early wakeup call.the market, which was founded in 1979, sets up its tents every saturday from 7 am to 1 pm, rain or shine, along north lemon and state streets. baskets of perfect red strawberries; the redpainted sides of the java dawg coffee truck; and most of all, the tomatoes: amazing, large, soft and round red tomatoes.disappointed by many a broken, vineripened(蔓上成熟的) promise, ive refused to buy winter tomatoes for years. no matter how attractive they look in the store, once i get them home theyre unfailingly dry, hard, and tasteless. but i homed in, with uncertainty, on one particular table at the browns grove farms stand, full of fresh and soft tomatoes the size of my fist. these were the real dealand at that moment, i realized that the best part of sarasota in winter was going to be eating things that back home in new york i wouldnt be experiencing again for months.delighted as i was by the tomatoes in sight, my happiness deepened when i learned that browns grove farm is one of the suppliers for jack dusty, a newly opened restaurant at the sarasota ritz carlton, whereluckily for mei was planning to have dinner that very night. without even seeing the menu, i knew id be ordering every tomato on it.26. what can we learn about tomatoes sold in new york in winter?athey are soft.bthey look nice.cthey taste great.dthey are juicy. 2015全国卷 dconflict is on the menu tonight at the cafe la chope. this evening, as on every thursday night, psychologist maud lehanne is leading two of frances favourite pastimes, coffee drinking and the “talking cure”. here they are learning to get in touch with their true feelings. it isnt always easy. the customerssome thirty parisians who pay just under $2 (plus drinks) per sessionare quick to intellectualize (高谈阔论)，slow to open up and connect. “you are forbidden to say one feels， or people think，” lehanne told them. “say i think， think me”a cafe society where no intellectualizing is allowed? it couldnt seem more unfrench. but lehannes psychology cafe is about more than knowing oneself: its trying to help the citys troubled neighbourhood cafes. over the years, parisian cafes have fallen victim to changes in the french lifestylelonger working hours, a fastfood boom and a younger generations desire to spend more time at home. dozens of new theme cafes appear to change the situation. cafes focused around psychology, history, and engineering are catching on, filling tables well into the evening.the citys “psychology cafes”， which offer great comfort, are among the most popular places. middleaged homemakers, retirees, and the unemployed come to such cafes to talk about love, anger, and dreams with a psychologist. and they come to lehannes group just to learn to say what they feel. “theres a strong need in paris for communication，” says maurice frisch, a cafe la chope regular who works as a religious instructor in a nearby church. “people have few real friends. and they need to open up.” lehanne says shed like to see psychology cafes all over france. “if people had normal lives, these cafes wouldnt exist，”she says.“if life werent a battle, people wouldnt need a special place just to speak.”but then, it wouldnt be france.33. how are cafes affected by french lifestyle changes?athey are less frequently visited.bthey stay open for longer hours.cthey have bigger night crowds.dthey start to serve fast food.34. what are theme cafes expected to do?acreate more jobs.bsupply better drinks.csave the cafe business.dserve the neighbourhood.35. why are psychology cafes becoming popular in paris?athey bring people true friendship.bthey give people spiritual support.cthey help people realize their dreams.dthey offer a platform for business links.34c推理判断题。根据第二段中的“dozens of new theme cafes appear to change the situation.”可以得出答案。故选c。35b推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“if people had normal lives, these cafes wouldnt exist， she says.if life werent a battle, people wouldnt need a special place just to speak.but then, it wouldnt be france.”可知， 心理咖啡馆在巴黎受欢迎的原因是它们能给予人们精神上的支持。故选b。【2014全国卷，a】the cambridge science festival curiosity challenge dare to take the curiosity challenge! the cambridge science festival (csf) is pleased to inform you of the sixth annual curiosity challenge. the challenge invites, even dares school students between the ages of 5 and 14 to create artwork or a piece of writing that shows their curiosity and how it inspires them to explore their world.students are being dared to draw a picture, write an article, take a photo or write a poem that shows what they are curious about. to enter the challenge, all artwork or pieces of writing should be sent to the cambridge science festival, mit museum, 265 mass avenue. cambridge 02139 by friday, february 8th.students who enter the curiosity challenge and are selected as winners will be honored at a special ceremony during the csf on sunday, april 21st. guest speaker will also present prizes to the students. winning entries will be published in a book. student entries will be exhibit and prizes will be given. families of those who take part will be included in the celebration and brunch will be served.between march 10th and march 15th, each winner will be given the specifics of the closing ceremony and the curiosity challenge celebration. the program guidelines and other related information are available at: .what type of writing is this text? a. an exhibition guide. b. an art show review. c. an announcement. d. an official report.【答案】c【2012全国卷，c】 last night i was driving from harrisburg to lewisburg，distance of about eighty miles. it was late. several times i got stuck behind a slow-moving truck on a narrow road with a solid white line on my left, and i became increasingly impatient. at one point along an open road, i came to a crossing with a traffic light. i was alone on the road by now, but as i drove near the light, it turned red and i made a stop. i looked left, right and behind me. nothing. not a car, no suggestion of car lamps, but there i sat, waiting for the light to change, the only human being for at least a mile in any direction. i started wondering why i refused to run the light i was not afraid of being caught, because there was clearly no policeman around, and there certainly would have been no danger in going through it. much later that night, the question of why id stopped for that light came back to me. i think istopped because its part of a contract(契约)we all have with each other. its not only the law, but it is an agreement we have, and we trust each other to honor it: we dont go through red lights. trust is our first inclination(倾向).doubting others does not seem to be natural to us. the whole construction of our society depends on mutual(相互)trust, not distrust. we do what we say well do; we show up when we say well show up; and we pay when we say well pay. we trust each other in these matters, and were angry or disappointed with the person or organization that breaks the trust we have in them.i was so proud of myself for stopping for the red light that night.65. the event made the author strongly believe that _. a. traffic rules may be unnecessary b. doubting others is human nature c. patience is important to driversd. a society needs mutual trust 66. why was the author proud of himself? a. he kept his promise. b. he held back his anger. c. he followed his inclination. d. he made a right decision.【答案】65. d 66. d【解析】65.66.【2012全国卷，b】you may think that sailing is a difficult sport, but it is really not hard to learn it. you do not need to be strong. but you need to be quick. and you need to understand a few basic rules about the wind.first, you must ask yourself, “where is the wind coming from? is it coming from ahead or behind or from the side?” you must think about this all the time on the boat. the wind direction tells you what to do with the sail.lets start with the wind blowing from the behind. this means the wind and the boat are going in the same direction. then you must always keep the sail outside the boat. it should be at a 90 angle (角度) to the boat. then it will catch the wind best.if the wind is blowing from the side, it is blowing across the boat. in this case, you must keep the sail half way outside the boat. it should be at a 45 angle to the boat. it needs to be out far enough to catch the wind, but it shouldnt flap (摆动). it shouldnt look like on a flagpole. if it is flapping, it is probably out too far, and the boat will slow down.sailing into the wind is not possible. if you try, the sail will flap and the boat will stop. you may want to go in that direction. it is possible, but you cant go in a straight line. you must go first in one direction and then in another. this is called tacking. when you are tacking, you must always keep the sail inside the boat. 48. where can you probably find the text?a. in a popular magazine.b. in a tourist guidebook.c. in a physics textbook. d. in an official report.【答案】48. a 【2012全国卷，e】make up your mind to succeedkind-hearted parents have unknowingly left their children defenseless against failure. the generation born between 1980 and 2001 grew up playing sports where scores and performance were played down because “everyones winner.” and their report cards sounded more positive (正面的) than ever before. as a result, stanford university professor carol dweck, phd, calls them “the overpraised generation.”dweck has been studying how people deal with failure for 40 years. her research has led her to find out two clearly different mind-sets that have a great effect on how we react to it. heres how they work:a fixed mind-set is grounded in the belief that talent (才能) is genetic youre a born artist, point guard, or numbers person. the fixed mind-set believes its sure to succeed without much effort and regards failure as personal shame. when things get difficult, its quick to blame, lie, and even stay away from future difficulties.on the other hand, a growth mind-set believes that no talent is entirely heaven-sent and that effort and learning make everything possible. because the ego (自尊) isnt on the line as much, the growth mind-set sees failure as a chance rather than shame. when faced with a difficulty, its quick to rethink, change and try again. in fact, it enjoys this experience.we are all born with growth mind-sets. (otherwise, we wouldnt be able to live in the world.) but parents, teachers, and instructors often push us into fixed mind-sets by encouraging certain actions and misdirecting praise. dwecks book, mind-set: the new psychology of success, and online instructional program explain this in depth. but she says there are many little things you can start doing today to make sure that your children, grandchildren and even you are never defeated by failure.57. what does the author think about the present generation?a. they dont do well at school.b. they are often misunderstood.c. they are eager to win in sports.d. they are given too much praise.58. a fixed mind-set person is probably one who _ .a. doesnt want to work hardb. cares a lot about personal safetyc. cannot share his ideas with othersd. can succeed with the help of teachers59. what does the growth mind-set believe?a. admitting failure is shameful.b. talent comes with ones birth.c. scores should be highly valued.d. getting over difficulties is enjoyable.60. what should parents do for their children based on dwecks study?a. encourage them to learn from failures.b. prevent them from making mistakes.c. guide them in doing little things.d. help them grow with praise.【答案】57. d 58. a 59. d 60. a57.58.【答案】a【解析】根据文章第三段中的“the fixed mind-set believes its sure to succeed without much effort and regards failure as personal shame.”可知：他相信成功但不想付出努力。【考点定位】考查判断推理。5960. 【2011全国卷，a】when milk arrived on the doorstepwhen i was a boy growing up in new jersey in the 1960s, we had a milkman delivering milk to our doorstep. his name was mr. basille. he wore a white cap and drove a white truck. as a 5-year-old boy, i couldnt take my eyes off the coin changer fixed to his belt. he noticed this one day during a delivery and gave me a quarter out of his coin changer.of course, he delivered more than milk. there was cheese, eggs and so on. if we needed to change our order, my mother would pen a note-“please add a bottle of buttermilk next delivery”-and place it in the box along with