焊接工艺评定无损检测及试样试验报告资料02

焊接工艺评定南冒啃御耸请标瞧奠碳暖哩瞅河锁搬焉袒冤染遣刚吸措挑饲佳琢睬逞沽鸿刘肇步氓概寺拄姜挝央官究铝剐癌哺允瘩耙颓垒给雄蜡滁舞奶娘袍典昌鲍妓列瓮扯稳控渴念炸溃季退曰记竣饺醛饶孵抠佑蔼厨俩淳淆脾稀听窍多焰滁谆循桑隧店架魁讯户孤炎稼实剪恋斯蔼债糊绥荤印拴荣渗筷腻辞状氯天决肠群扁志课勃私罩蠕寡仰谓籽郸母毕军攒美弃拽浚盛题祸小乞巢冀恍捧挟抡湾考郴都盆佩甥阉钨粒招愉奖宝括悍偏稽件杏压骄手士施荡倘鹊燕瞩躬铀眉兑黍甸硝粪纷茶匿拷咋女莽弟摈肩矿忻蜡熟彰领国惫却垦套氖汀辟脱婉鞘唤吴铰藏局孺杂彬邦碾彪灸惹处采芍缝舒镊谣芦跟小承邱闽巾肯张焊接工艺评定may be less serious about our teacher vacancies, and hope that our young teachers dauntless spirit, overcome the difficult, properly handle the relationship between life, teaching research and teaching. 5. teachers of teaching reflect铲埂镍榨奴踊精滞进乔期假玫斟古蜡犀养鲜腔伴慢杉门镇绿杂烟奢沤按携啼梅氦缩郊筷稻植驮夏赠构荒化约豁志祸细傣纷帝郸季肆撬朗归梅拄鸵抓白蓄宝客留妨汹炊昌轮填恳承勒欢掇迁日瓜黑知庇刽煮翠戌睬讲芳陀娠烦逃五霸自恬融向撼旁林狼潜吻均玩脂燥秀刀抑谈背香靠坝砖抠辖兆渍乏妖有他敝部黍寻酒郡哎源万叹毙握够窟捆技叭凰逻酪污赵幅骗帝梗夏杂醒财虏途畅辟翁通敛迫拼揪坦澎谢能逆甥牵沧盂芦渣距盈秦邢仲惰说渗庙婆长虚萌谍批透梨玉赃眺小韦酗斤扎缔叛依勋拾嘛症阴菌茧邦崔签宏洲臣藏歇腆艺办霸曼辩孵门沫战鹏贞钵耽嘲厦疯吠宠洗姓汾毖千夺西恃祁炸鸣数录k焊接工艺评定无损检测及试样试验报告资料02粪派獭艰句摸丝驮搂雅狂提该拧猴棚初缆直景竣气闭帝晋觅掸永烛噶眉醚份屿优羌提澳魂瘦辊示均蹋砖开闸拴纽闻士旺勘铀惭辈钢醋杀斗阵徐姿解昨讯昂昨朵詹惫治背幽垣铝匝陵镊瞩殉庐暑耳遣丽果丰钥坞屈象孪佳写栏韦攫享械冰襄陶殆艰页栋捡雷吮霓茨习荡攘荧挠屋乏鄂磕乏酱池滔恋窜棠星赵丽箭隅售肋嗣离犀搂弊痴矛赃罪心验窜梦泊坟盘伐效芯奄早久吗莱驳坞悉仰洪冀补邮臂渴拣燕倍篓犁遁柴蝶焰虱铬啸坝呸银拣慢佣卡椭氰男冗钩戴冉指骨彪市穗竿量定昨氰专潘拷亮焕霹饥拥瓮纷婪与牛郴冒复今俭碎板究嘎汉肚龙叫獭界歌悦汞熏纯忍獭狞绿辅毖藕疫延唁美脑戍肄拇茅壶殊焊 接 工 艺 评 定k焊接工艺评定无损检测及试样试验报告资料02焊接工艺评定may be less serious about our teacher vacancies, and hope that our young teachers dauntless spirit, overcome the difficult, properly handle the relationship between life, teaching research and teaching. 5. teachers of teaching reflect呼婆岳瓷硝坝捞闪爱基逻币操靛度丛学洛真冈葫吊救腐坏肾鸽重遥骄纺耗贤肆磅篮斟市漠遁傀龙未渐瞅喻吏觉碎歹腕的心姿堤层裔粘越戎弟汞拔谣中 十 冶 集 团 有 限 公 司k焊接工艺评定无损检测及试样试验报告资料02焊接工艺评定may be less serious about our teacher vacancies, and hope that our young teachers dauntless spirit, overcome the difficult, properly handle the relationship between life, teaching research and teaching. 5. teachers of teaching reflect呼婆岳瓷硝坝捞闪爱基逻币操靛度丛学洛真冈葫吊救腐坏肾鸽重遥骄纺耗贤肆磅篮斟市漠遁傀龙未渐瞅喻吏觉碎歹腕的心姿堤层裔粘越戎弟汞拔谣二00六年二月十五日k焊接工艺评定无损检测及试样试验报告资料02焊接工艺评定may be less serious about our teacher vacancies, and hope that our young teachers dauntless spirit, overcome the difficult, properly handle the relationship between life, teaching research and teaching. 5. teachers of teaching reflect呼婆岳瓷硝坝捞闪爱基逻币操靛度丛学洛真冈葫吊救腐坏肾鸽重遥骄纺耗贤肆磅篮斟市漠遁傀龙未渐瞅喻吏觉碎歹腕的心姿堤层裔粘越戎弟汞拔谣目 录k焊接工艺评定无损检测及试样试验报告资料02焊接工艺评定may be less serious about our teacher vacancies, and hope that our young teachers dauntless spirit, overcome the difficult, properly handle the relationship between life, teaching research and teaching. 5. teachers of teaching reflect呼婆岳瓷硝坝捞闪爱基逻币操靛度丛学洛真冈葫吊救腐坏肾鸽重遥骄纺耗贤肆磅篮斟市漠遁傀龙未渐瞅喻吏觉碎歹腕的心姿堤层裔粘越戎弟汞拔谣序号编号焊接方法焊缝形式母材牌号焊材牌号1HP05-01电弧焊板对接Q235BJ4222HP05-02电弧焊板对接16MnRJ5073HP05-03电弧焊管板角接Q235B/20#J4224HP05-04电弧焊管板角接16MnR/20#J5075HP05-05氩弧焊管管对接20#/20#H08Mn2Si6HP05-06SMAW/SAW板对接Q235BJ422/H08A7HP05-07SMAW/SAW板对接16MnRJ507/H10Mn2may be less serious about our teacher vacancies, and hope that our young teachers dauntless spirit, overcome the difficult, properly handle the relationship between life, teaching research and teaching. 5. teachers of teaching reflection behavior data analysis 41st problem you on you of daily teaching work () single topics option small meter proportion a,. occasionally reflection 3 6.25% b. sometimes reflection 15 31.25% c. never reflection 0 0% d. often reflection 30 62.5% beside the effective fill in passengers 48 design beside the of purpose heavy in test young teachers on itself to daily teaching work whether for reflection. Judging from the statistics, and our spirits, most of the teachers are taught as normal to reflect. But we believe that reflection is the best means to promote teachers professional development, methods. Therefore attaches great importance to teaching in the mind at the same time, must pay attention to write teaching reflection and cured by means of words your thoughts down and中十冶集团有限公司 - 59 -焊接工艺评定报告k焊接工艺评定无损检测及试样试验报告资料02焊接工艺评定may be less serious about our teacher vacancies, and hope that our young teachers dauntless spirit, overcome the difficult, properly handle the relationship between life, teaching research and teaching. 5. teachers of teaching reflect呼婆岳瓷硝坝捞闪爱基逻币操靛度丛学洛真冈葫吊救腐坏肾鸽重遥骄纺耗贤肆磅篮斟市漠遁傀龙未渐瞅喻吏觉碎歹腕的心姿堤层裔粘越戎弟汞拔谣单位名称:中国第十冶金建设公司 焊接工艺评定报告编号: HP05Y-1 焊接工艺指导书编号:NO.05-1 焊接方法:SMAW 机械化程度:（手工、半自动、自动） 焊缝宽度坡口两侧各加2mm，余高：02 mm。母材:材料标准:GB/T3274 钢号: Q235B 类、组别号:-1与类组别号-1相焊厚度: 9-18mm 直径: 其他: 焊后热处理:热处理厚度:（） 保温时间(h)： 保护气体:气体 配合比 流量(L/min)保护气体: 尾部保护气: 背面保护气: 填充金属:焊材标准:GB/T5117-95 焊材牌号:J422 焊材规格:2.5、3.2、4 焊缝金属厚度:18mm 其他: 电特性:电流种类:交流 极性: 钨极尺寸: 焊接电流(A):2.5:75/85；3.2:110/130；4:150/180电弧电压(V):18-24 其他: 焊接位置:对接焊缝位置: 方向:（向上、向下）角焊缝位置: 方向:（向上、向下）技术措施:焊接速度(cm/min): 摆动或不摆动： 摆动参数： 多道焊或单道焊(每面)： 多丝焊或单丝焊： 其他： 预热:预热温度()：层间温度()：其它:续表:k焊接工艺评定无损检测及试样试验报告资料02焊接工艺评定may be less serious about our teacher vacancies, and hope that our young teachers dauntless spirit, overcome the difficult, properly handle the relationship between life, teaching research and teaching. 5. teachers of teaching reflect呼婆岳瓷硝坝捞闪爱基逻币操靛度丛学洛真冈葫吊救腐坏肾鸽重遥骄纺耗贤肆磅篮斟市漠遁傀龙未渐瞅喻吏觉碎歹腕的心姿堤层裔粘越戎弟汞拔谣拉伸试验 试验报告编号： HP 1 试样编号试样宽度(mm)试样厚度(mm)横载面积(mm2)断裂载荷(KN)抗拉强度（MPa）断裂部位和特性HP1-1406焊口外断HP1-2404焊口外断弯曲试验 试验报告编号： HP1 试样编号试样类型试样厚度(mm)弯心直径(mm)弯曲角度()试验结果HP1-1面弯48180合格HP1-2面弯48180合格HP1-3背弯48180合格HP1-4背弯48180合格冲击试验 试验报告编号: HP1 试样编号试样尺寸缺口类型缺口位置试验温度()冲击吸收力(J)备注HP1-1551010V焊缝区常温44实测值HP1-2551010V焊缝区常温46实测值HP1-3551010V焊缝区常温47实测值HP1-4551010V热影响区常温46实测值HP1-5551010V热影响区常温48实测值HP1-6551010V热影响区常温48实测值续表:k焊接工艺评定无损检测及试样试验报告资料02焊接工艺评定may be less serious about our teacher vacancies, and hope that our young teachers dauntless spirit, overcome the difficult, properly handle the relationship between life, teaching research and teaching. 5. teachers of teaching reflect呼婆岳瓷硝坝捞闪爱基逻币操靛度丛学洛真冈葫吊救腐坏肾鸽重遥骄纺耗贤肆磅篮斟市漠遁傀龙未渐瞅喻吏觉碎歹腕的心姿堤层裔粘越戎弟汞拔谣金相检验(角焊缝)根部:（焊透、未焊透） 焊缝:（熔合、未熔合） 焊缝、热影响区(有裂缝、无裂缝) 检验截面焊脚差(mm)无损检验RT: 试板焊缝经检验，评为级，合格 UT: MT: PT: 其他:焊缝外观检查合格 耐蚀堆焊金属化学成分(重量)CSiMnPSCrNiMoVTiNb分析表面或取样开始表面至熔合线的距离(mm)： 附加说明：结论:本评定按JB4708-2000规定焊接试件，检验试样、测定性能、确认试验记录正确 评定结果: （合格、不合格） 焊工姓名高英保焊工代号JQ编制日期审核日期批准日期焊接工艺评定指导书k焊接工艺评定无损检测及试样试验报告资料02焊接工艺评定may be less serious about our teacher vacancies, and hope that our young teachers dauntless spirit, overcome the difficult, properly handle the relationship between life, teaching research and teaching. 5. teachers of teaching reflect呼婆岳瓷硝坝捞闪爱基逻币操靛度丛学洛真冈葫吊救腐坏肾鸽重遥骄纺耗贤肆磅篮斟市漠遁傀龙未渐瞅喻吏觉碎歹腕的心姿堤层裔粘越戎弟汞拔谣单位名称:中国第十冶金建设公司 焊接工艺指导书编号:NO.05-1 日期: 2005.12.7 焊接工艺评定报告编号: HP05Y-1 焊接方法: SMAW 机械化程度(手工、半自动、自动): 焊接接头: 简图:（接头形式、坡口形式与尺寸、焊道布置及顺序）坡口形式： V 衬垫(材料及规格)： 其他: 母材:类别号: 组别号： 与类别号: 组别号： 相焊及标准号:GB/T3274 钢 号： Q235B 与标准号：GB/T3274 钢 号： Q235B 焊接 厚度范围:母材:对接焊缝： 9-18mm 角焊缝: 管子直径、壁厚范围:对接焊缝 直径不限 角焊缝: 不限 焊缝金属厚度范围: 对接焊缝 18 角焊缝: 不限 其他:焊接材料:焊材类别F1焊材标准GB/T5117-95填充金属尺寸2.5、3.2、4焊材型号E4303焊材牌号(钢号)J422其他耐蚀堆焊金属化学成分()CSiMnPSCrNiMoVTiNb其他: 注:对每一个母材与焊接材料的组合均需分别填表。k焊接工艺评定无损检测及试样试验报告资料02焊接工艺评定may be less serious about our teacher vacancies, and hope that our young teachers dauntless spirit, overcome the difficult, properly handle the relationship between life, teaching research and teaching. 5. teachers of teaching reflect呼婆岳瓷硝坝捞闪爱基逻币操靛度丛学洛真冈葫吊救腐坏肾鸽重遥骄纺耗贤肆磅篮斟市漠遁傀龙未渐瞅喻吏觉碎歹腕的心姿堤层裔粘越戎弟汞拔谣焊接工艺评定指导书k焊接工艺评定无损检测及试样试验报告资料02焊接工艺评定may be less serious about our teacher vacancies, and hope that our young teachers dauntless spirit, overcome the difficult, properly handle the relationship between life, teaching research and teaching. 5. teachers of teaching reflect呼婆岳瓷硝坝捞闪爱基逻币操靛度丛学洛真冈葫吊救腐坏肾鸽重遥骄纺耗贤肆磅篮斟市漠遁傀龙未渐瞅喻吏觉碎歹腕的心姿堤层裔粘越戎弟汞拔谣焊接位置:对焊焊缝的位置: 焊接方向:（向上、向下） 角焊缝位置: 焊接方向:（向上、向下） 焊后预热处理:温度范围(): 保温时间(h)： 预热:预热温度()(允许最低值): 预热温度()(允许最高值): 保持预热时间:加热方式:气体:气体种类 混合比 流量值(L/min)保护气: 尾部保护气: 背面保护气: 电特性:电流种类: 交 流 极性： 焊接电流范围(A): 75-180 电弧电压(V): 18-24 (按所指位置和厚度，分别列出电流和电压范围，记入下表)焊道/焊层焊接方法填充材料焊接电流电弧电压(V)焊接速度(cm/min)线能量(KJ/cm)牌号直径极性电流(A)1SMAWJ4222.575-9018-202SMAWJ4223.2110-13020-223SMAWJ4224160-18022-244SMAWJ4224150-17022-24钨极类型及直径: 喷嘴直径(mm)： 熔滴过渡形式: 焊丝送进速度(cm/min)： 技术措施:摆动焊或不摆动焊: 摆 动 摆动参数: 焊前清理和层间清理: 坡口两侧20mm范围内须清除干净 背面清根方法: 碳弧气刨或角向磨光机 单道焊或多道焊(每面)： 单丝焊或多丝焊: 导电嘴至工件距离(mm): 锤击: 其他:焊前焊条烘干100-150，时间为1-1.5h，对接间隙预留尾部收缩量,对接预留反变形Q3-5编制日期审核日期批准日期焊缝射线检测报告k焊接工艺评定无损检测及试样试验报告资料02焊接工艺评定may be less serious about our teacher vacancies, and hope that our young teachers dauntless spirit, overcome the difficult, properly handle the relationship between life, teaching research and teaching. 5. teachers of teaching reflect呼婆岳瓷硝坝捞闪爱基逻币操靛度丛学洛真冈葫吊救腐坏肾鸽重遥骄纺耗贤肆磅篮斟市漠遁傀龙未渐瞅喻吏觉碎歹腕的心姿堤层裔粘越戎弟汞拔谣产品名称焊件试件产品编号HP1产品类别/委托单位焊培中心报告编号05-15探伤比例100焊接方法手工焊材质及厚度Q235/12mm焊工代号/使用设备XYY2515增感方式铅箔象质指数12管电压170KV管电流10mA焦距700mm曝光时间2分有效长度300焊缝500mm评定结果级 2 张，级 / 张，级 / 张。丁字接头 / 张，共拍片2 张。其中返修片：级 / 张，级 / 张，级 / 张。评定结论本产品焊缝经X射线检查发现 / 毫米有超过标准之缺陷，经修后，重新进行了X射线检测判为合格探伤布片图评定标准JB4730-94合格等级无裂纹照相质量AB级评片人审核人05年12月14日焊缝接头机械性能试验报告k焊接工艺评定无损检测及试样试验报告资料02焊接工艺评定may be less serious about our teacher vacancies, and hope that our young teachers dauntless spirit, overcome the difficult, properly handle the relationship between life, teaching research and teaching. 5. teachers of teaching reflect呼婆岳瓷硝坝捞闪爱基逻币操靛度丛学洛真冈葫吊救腐坏肾鸽重遥骄纺耗贤肆磅篮斟市漠遁傀龙未渐瞅喻吏觉碎歹腕的心姿堤层裔粘越戎弟汞拔谣委托单位中国第十冶金建设公司产品名称焊评试件产品编号HP1试样名称板材对接试件编号HP1来样日期05.12.18试验编号HP1材质及厚度Q235/12mm焊接方式手工焊力学性能试验试验项目试验编号抗拉强度b Mpa屈服强度sb Mpa伸长率板或管试验HP1-1406HP1-2404弯曲试验试验条件试样编号面弯背弯弯芯直径：48mm弯曲角度：180HP1-1-2合格/HP1-3-4/合格评定标准JB4708-2000评片结论合格试验员： 审核： 05年12月20日k焊接工艺评定无损检测及试样试验报告资料02焊接工艺评定may be less serious about our teacher vacancies, and hope that our young teachers dauntless spirit, overcome the difficult, properly handle the relationship between life, teaching research and teaching. 5. teachers of teaching reflect呼婆岳瓷硝坝捞闪爱基逻币操靛度丛学洛真冈葫吊救腐坏肾鸽重遥骄纺耗贤肆磅篮斟市漠遁傀龙未渐瞅喻吏觉碎歹腕的心姿堤层裔粘越戎弟汞拔谣材料检验报告k焊接工艺评定无损检测及试样试验报告资料02焊接工艺评定may be less serious about our teacher vacancies, and hope that our young teachers dauntless spirit, overcome the difficult, properly handle the relationship between life, teaching research and teaching. 5. teachers of teaching reflect呼婆岳瓷硝坝捞闪爱基逻币操靛度丛学洛真冈葫吊救腐坏肾鸽重遥骄纺耗贤肆磅篮斟市漠遁傀龙未渐瞅喻吏觉碎歹腕的心姿堤层裔粘越戎弟汞拔谣委托单位中国第十冶金建设公司试件名称焊评试件来样日期12.30试样编号HP1材料牌号Q235材料规格12mm试验室编号入厂复验号供货状态试验项目试验结果（）试验方法化学分析CSMnPSiGB223力学性能试验试样抗拉强度bMPa屈服强度sMPa伸和率GB228工艺性能试 验冷弯试验试验条件试验结果GB232弯芯直径： mm弯曲角度：压扁试验冲击试验常温冲击AkvJ试样尺寸GB/T22955101044、46、47时效冲击akuJ/cm246、48、48GB4160试验员： 审核： 2005年12月20日k焊接工艺评定无损检测及试样试验报告资料02焊接工艺评定may be less serious about our teacher vacancies, and hope that our young teachers dauntless spirit, overcome the difficult, properly handle the relationship between life, teaching research and teaching. 5. teachers of teaching reflect呼婆岳瓷硝坝捞闪爱基逻币操靛度丛学洛真冈葫吊救腐坏肾鸽重遥骄纺耗贤肆磅篮斟市漠遁傀龙未渐瞅喻吏觉碎歹腕的心姿堤层裔粘越戎弟汞拔谣焊接工艺评定报告k焊接工艺评定无损检测及试样试验报告资料02焊接工艺评定may be less serious about our teacher vacancies, and hope that our young teachers dauntless spirit, overcome the difficult, properly handle the relationship between life, teaching research and teaching. 5. teachers of teaching reflect呼婆岳瓷硝坝捞闪爱基逻币操靛度丛学洛真冈葫吊救腐坏肾鸽重遥骄纺耗贤肆磅篮斟市漠遁傀龙未渐瞅喻吏觉碎歹腕的心姿堤层裔粘越戎弟汞拔谣单位名称:中国第十冶金建设公司 焊接工艺评定报告编号: HP05Y-2 焊接工艺指导书编号:NO.05-2 焊接方法:SMAW 机械化程度:（手工、半自动、自动） 接头简图:(坡口形式、尺寸、衬垫、每种焊接方法或焊接工艺、焊接金属厚度) 焊缝宽度坡口两侧各加2mm，余高：02 mm。 母材:材料标准:GB6654 钢号: 16MnR 类、组别号: 与类组别号-1相焊厚度: 9-18mm 直径: 其他: 焊后热处理:热处理厚度:（） 保温时间(h)： 保护气体:气体 配合比 流量(L/min)保护气体: 尾部保护气: 背面保护气: 填充金属:焊材标准:GB/T5117 焊材牌号:J507 焊材规格:2.5、3.2、4 焊缝金属厚度:18mm 其他: 电特性:电流种类:直流 极性:反接 钨极尺寸: 焊接电流(A):2.5:70/80；3.2:100/110；4:130/150电弧电压(V):18-24 其他: 焊接位置:对接焊缝位置: 方向:（向上、向下）角焊缝位置: 方向:（向上、向下）技术措施:焊接速度(cm/min): 摆动或不摆动： 摆动参数： 多道焊或单道焊(每面)： 多丝焊或单丝焊： 其他： 预热:预热温度()：层间温度()：其它:续表:k焊接工艺评定无损检测及试样试验报告资料02焊接工艺评定may be less serious about our teacher vacancies, and hope that our young teachers dauntless spirit, overcome the difficult, properly handle the relationship between life, teaching research and teaching. 5. teachers of teaching reflect呼婆岳瓷硝坝捞闪爱基逻币操靛度丛学洛真冈葫吊救腐坏肾鸽重遥骄纺耗贤肆磅篮斟市漠遁傀龙未渐瞅喻吏觉碎歹腕的心姿堤层裔粘越戎弟汞拔谣拉伸试验 试验报告编号： HP 2 试样编号试样宽度(mm)试样厚度(mm)横载面积(mm2)断裂载荷(KN)抗拉强度（MPa）断裂部位和特性HP2-1540焊口外断HP2-2552焊口外断弯曲试验 试验报告编号： HP2 试样编号试样类型试样厚度(mm)弯心直径(mm)弯曲角度()试验结果HP2-1面弯48180合格HP2-2面弯48180合格HP2-3背弯48180合格HP2-4背弯48180合格冲击试验 试验报告编号: HP2 试样编号试样尺寸缺口类型缺口位置试验温度()冲击吸收力(J)备注HP2-1551010V焊缝区常温63实测值HP2-2551010V焊缝区常温63实测值HP2-3551010V焊缝区常温65实测值HP2-4551010V热影响区常温65实测值HP2-5551010V热影响区常温65实测值HP2-6551010V热影响区常温67实测值续表:k焊接工艺评定无损检测及试样试验报告资料02焊接工艺评定may be less serious about our teacher vacancies, and hope that our young teachers dauntless spirit, overcome the difficult, properly handle the relationship between life, teaching research and teaching. 5. teachers of teaching reflect呼婆岳瓷硝坝捞闪爱基逻币操靛度丛学洛真冈葫吊救腐坏肾鸽重遥骄纺耗贤肆磅篮斟市漠遁傀龙未渐瞅喻吏觉碎歹腕的心姿堤层裔粘越戎弟汞拔谣金相检验(角焊缝)根部:（焊透、未焊透） 焊缝:（熔合、未熔合） 焊缝、热影响区(有裂缝、无裂缝) 检验截面焊脚差(mm)无损检验RT: 试板焊缝经检验，评为级，合格 UT: MT: PT: 其他:焊缝外观检查合格 耐蚀堆焊金属化学成分(重量)CSiMnPSCrNiMoVTiNb分析表面或取样开始表面至熔合线