高三虚拟语气经典讲解ppt课件.ppt

,1.英语动词有三种语气，陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气.2.定义：用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生或可能性比较小的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。,一、虚拟语气定义,二、虚拟语气的考点1、一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法；2、条件句中虚拟语气的倒装；3、名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法；4、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气用法；5、虚拟语气与陈述语气的判定。,1、一般条件句中的虚拟语气,1.IfIhadHIV,IwouldknowbecauseIwouldfeelsick.2.IfIwereyou,IwouldgiveAIDSpatientahug.3.IfIhadtakenyouradvice,Iwouldnthavemadeamistake.4.Ifhehadbeenthere,itwouldnthavehappened.,与现在事实相反,与过去事实相反,5.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,theywouldntgoforanouting.6.Ithinkwecoulddoit,ifweplanneditproperlyandcouldborrowthetools.7.Ifweweretohavethreedaysoff,wewouldenjoyaveryhappylife.,与未来事实相反,IfIwereyou,I_buythehouserightnow.A.wontB.dontC.wouldntD.cant2._morecareful,hisshipwouldnothavesunk.A.IfthecaptainwereB.IfthecaptainhadbeenC.ShouldthecaptainbeD.Ifthecaptainwouldhavebeen3.Ifhe_metomorrow,IwouldlethimknowA.shouldcallB.shouldnothavebeenableC.werenotableD.arenotable,B,C,A,2、条件句中虚拟语气的倒装；假设条件虚拟倒装。条件从句中含有should，were，had三个助动词并且放在句首时，可以把if省略。IfIwereyou,Iwouldgiveitup.WereIyou,Iwouldgiveitup.IfIhadhadtime,Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain.HadIhadtime,Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain.Ifthereshouldbeaflood,whatshouldwedo?aflood,whatshouldwedo?,Shoultherebe,3.名词性从句的虚拟语气。主要是表示命令、要求、建议的虚拟语气。,宾语从句。常见动词：一个坚持：insist两个命令：order,command三个建议：advise,suggest,propose五个要求：demand,require,request,desireask,这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。即从句中的动词使用should+动词原形，或者将should省略。,我们建议Tom去休息一下。他坚决要求我到场。国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。,WesuggestedthatTom(should)havearest.,HeinsistedthatI(should)bepresent.,Thekingorderedthattheprisoners(should)bekilledthenextday.,Theyrequestedthatwe(should)sendthemtoworkthere.,2、以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句（包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句）也要使用虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样。order,advice,suggestion,proposal,demand,request,desire,Itssuggestedthattheplanbecarriedout.Mydemandisthatsheshouldcometoseemeonceaweek.Allofusarefortheadvicethatthechemicalfactoryshouldbecloseddown.,4、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法；,1）wish+宾语从句,现在：过去：未来：,过去时(did/were),过去完成时(haddone),would/could/might+V.should,IwishIwereabird.(现在)IwishIhadntmadesuchamistake.(过去)Wewishourparentswouldntpunishus.(未来),2）wouldratherthat-,现在：过去：未来：,Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow.(现在),Iwouldratheryouhadgone,too.(过去),Dontcome.Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.(未来),过去时,过去时,过去完成时,3）asif/though+从句,现在：过去：,过去时,过去完成时,Helooksasifheweredrunk.,Theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears.,Shelovesthebabyasifitwereherownson.Itseemsasifitwerespring.Irememberthewholethingasifithadhappenedyesterday.,4.Itshightime+that-,should+V.,过去时,你该走了。,我们该睡觉了。,Itshightimethatyouwent.Itshightimethatyouweregoing.Itshightimethatyoushouldgo.,Itstimethatwewenttobed.Itstimethatweshouldgotobed.,2019/12/16,15,可编辑,5）without和butfor构成虚拟。(butfor要不是),Withoutsunlight,peopleslifewouldbedifferentfromtoday.Butforyourhelp,Iwouldnthavefinishedthework.Butforwater,itwouldbeimpossibletoliveinthedesert.,6）Ifonly(要是就好了)IfonlyIknewhisname!Ifonlywehadfollowedyouradvice!IfonlyIcouldseehimagain!,要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。要是我没错过火车就好了！,Ifonlyourparentscouldlivewithus!,IfonlyIhadntmissedthetrain!,7）语境中的虚拟语气（1）介词短语表条件Butforyourhelp,wecouldnthavesucceeded.Theywouldnthavereachedtheagreementsoeasilywithoutthatcommonground.（2）情境中提供虚拟语气Supposetherewerenogravitationalforce,objectswouldnotfalltothegroundwhendropped.Shewasntfeelingverywell.Otherwiseshewouldnthaveleftthemeetingsoearly.,8）Itsnecessary/strange/natural/important+that-从句中的动词要用虚拟，即(should)+动词原形,1.Itisimportantthatwe(should)masteraforeignlanguage.2.Itisstrangethatsherefusetocometotheparty.3.Itsnecessarythatweshouldstudyhard.,三、虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点：,1.假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做错综条件虚拟语气。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而定。Iftheweatherhadbeenfiner,thecropswouldbegrowingstillbetter.Ifyouhadfollowedtheteachersadvice,youwouldntbeinthehospital.,经典题目1.Ifyou_himyesterday,you_whattodonow.askedwouldknowhadaskedwouldhaveknownC.askedhimknowD.hadaskedwouldknow2.Whatwouldhavehappened,_asfarastheriverbank?A.BobhadwalkedfartherB.ifBobshouldwalkfartherC.hadBobwalkedfartherD.ifBobwalkedfarther,C,D,3.HowIwisheveryfamily_alargehousewithabeautifulgarden!(02上海)A.hasB.hadC.willhaveD.hadhad4.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit_.(95N)A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken,B,C,陈述语气与虚拟语气典型例题5)Thevolleyballmatchwillbeputoffifit_.A.willrainB.rainsC.rainedD.israined6)-Wouldyouhavecalledherup_possible?-Yes,butI_busydoingmyhomework.A.haditbeenwasB.ifitwaswereC.ifithadbeenhadbeenD.ifitwerewouldbe,B,该句为陈述语气，因为主句用的是willbeputoff。真实条件句主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时代将来时。,问句中用的是虚拟语气，主句用wouldhavecalled,从句中与过去相反的动词形式为haddone；答句中表示的是真实的情况，所以该用陈述语气。,A,高考题点击7)Youdidntletmedrive.Ifwe_inturn,you_sotired.A.drovedidntgetB.haddrivenwouldnthavegotC.drovewouldntgetD.weredrivingwouldntget8)ItishardformetoimaginewhatIwouldbedoingtodayifI_inlove,attheageofseven,withtheMelindaCoxLibraryinmyhometown.(02上海)A.wouldnthavefallenB.hadnotfallenC.shouldfallD.weretofall,前句用的是陈述语气，表示过去发生的事；后句是虚拟语气，表示与过去相反。,B,B,该句主句中用的是与现在相反的虚拟语气，而从句中使用的是与过去相反的虚拟语气。全句意思为“如果我不在七岁时迷上了我们家乡的MelindaCoxLibrary，我真不能想象我今天会做什么。”,.,-DoyoumindifIleavethewindowopen?-Well,Idratheryou_.A.dontB.didntC.wontD.mustnt10.Itshalfpasteleven.Itshightime_home.A.wellB.wedC.weregoingD.wewent,B,D,11.Jack_yet,otherwisehewouldhavephonedme.(N97)A.mustnthavearrivedB.shouldnthavearrivedC.canthavearrivedD.neednthavearrived,C,4.名词性从句中的虚拟语气A、宾语从句中的虚拟语气在动词suggest,order,demand,request,desire,insist,require,decide,determine,advise,recommend,deserve(值得提及)后需用should型的虚拟语气。,考题点击：Theteacherdemandedthatthework_before4oclock.A.finishedB.befinishedC.shouldfinishD.finish2.-Whatdidthedoctorsayaboutyourmothersillness?-Hesuggestedthatshe_anoperationatonce.A.musthaveB.hadC.haveD.hadhad,B,C,B、主语从句中的虚拟语气基本句型：Itissu