新课标人教版英语必修三Unit1语法课课件.ppt

ModalVerbI,Unit1Grammar,1.HemusthavegonetoBeijing.2.Thedoorwaslocked.Shecouldnthavebeenathome.3.Theymaybestillwaitingforus.,他一定已经去北京了。,门是锁着的，所以她不可能在家。,他们可能还在等我们呢。,HaveALk,4.Hemighthavereadaboutthenewsinthenewspaper.5.Youshouldhavetoldhimaweekago.6.Canyougivemesomesuggestions?7.Theywantedtoknowwhenyouwouldgotothepark.,他可能已经从报纸上知道这个消息了。,你本来应该在一周前告诉他的。,你能给我一些建议吗？,他们想知道你们什么时候去公园。,情态动词表示说话人的某种感情或语气，对某一动作或状态的某种态度。表示“需要、可以、必须、应当”等。,什么是情态动词？(ModalVerbs),Wordslikecan,will,may,must,andafewothersarecalledmodals.Modalverbshelpotherverbsexpressameaningoranidea.Somecommonusesofthemodalsarethese:Ability:1HecanspeakEnglishnow.2HecouldntspeakEnglishayearago.3ImnotabletocometothegameonFriday.,Permission:Allpassengersmaynowboard.Wecanboardnow.Obligation:Youmustfastenyourseatbelts.(strong)Youshouldpayattention.(weak)Yououghttopayattention.Possibility:1Itmayrain.2HowcouldIforgetanimportantthinglikethat?3Hecant/couldnthaveknowntheresult.,Meaningssimilartothoseofthemodalscanoftenbeconveyedbyrealverbforms:Hehasto.=mustisabletospeakEnglish=canisallowedto.=mayissupposedto=should,情态动词的语法特征,1.情态动词不能单独做谓语，除ought和have外，后面只能接不带to的不定式。,2.情态动词没有人称，数的变化，但有些情态动词，如can,will也有一般式和过去式的变化。,只作情态动词的can/could,may/might,oughtto,must可情态可实义的need,dare/dared可情态可助动词的shall/should,will/would相当于情态动词的haveto,usedto,3.情态动词的“时态”形式并不是时间区别的主要标志，不少情况下，情态动词的现在式形式和过去式形式都可用来表示现在时间、过去时间和将来时间。,下面我们具体了解一下几个常用情态动词的用法。,1.can的主要用法是：A.表示体力或脑力的能力：eg.Thegirlcandanceverywell.B.表示说话者的推测事物的可能性:eg.Canthenewsbetrue?C.在口语中,can可以表示请求或允许：eg.CanIsithere?,can和could,2.could的主要用法是：A.could是can的过去式,表示与过去有关的能力和推测:eg.Weallknewthattheyoungmancouldntbeadoctor.B.could可以代替can表示请求,但语气较can客气、委婉:,eg.Couldyoulendmeyourdictionary?CouldIuseyourbike?3.can和could接动词的完成形式，表示可能已经做某事。can用在否定和疑问句中,表示不相信、怀疑等态度。eg.Theycanthavegoneoutbecausethelightisstillon.,may常用来表示：A.表示请求、允许：比can较为正式:eg.MayIcomein?Youmaygonow.B.表示说话人的猜测:“也许”“可能”:通常只用于肯定句和否定句中。,may和might,eg.IbelievethemanisfromEngland.ButImaybewrong.Theguestmayarrivethisafternoon.在肯定句中，may的可能性比can高，may表示现实的可能性，can表示理论上的可能性。如：,Theroadmaybeblocked.这条路可能不通了。Theroadcanbeblocked.这条路可能会是不通的。在疑问句中，表示可能性用can。如：Wherecanhebe?他会在哪呢？,C.表示祝愿;但语气较正式:eg.Mayyousucceed!Mayyouhaveagoodjourney!might的用法有:多在间接引语中表示过去的可能和允许。如:Shesaidthathemighttakeherbike.她说他可以拿她的自行车去用。,除了在间接引语中以外，might一般不表示过去的可能或者许可。如要表示过去的可能可以用could,表示过去的许可可以用was(were)allowedto或者hadpermissionto。表示现在的可能，其可能性要比may小。如：,Hemightgohometomorrow.说不定他明天会回家。表示现在的许可，语气比may较委婉，一般用于疑问句（包括间接疑问句），不可用于肯定句或者否定句。如:MightIhaveawordwithyou?我可以和你说句话吗？,will和would,1.will是助动词还是情态动词？will用于构成将来时是助动词。用于表示“意志”“决心”“请求”是情态动词。would亦同理。eg.Iwilltellyousomethingimportant.我要告诉你一件重要的事情。（助动词）,WillyoutellherthatImhere?请您告诉她说我在这儿，好吗？（情态动词）2.在疑问句中用于第二人称，提出请求或询问。eg:Ifyouwanthelp,letmeknow,willyou?如果你需要帮助,让我知道,好吗?,Willyoutypethis,please?请把这个打一下，好吗？Wontyousitdown?请坐下，好吗？3.would比will客气委婉。eg:Wouldyouhelpus,please?请您帮助我们，好吗？,（表请求）,Idgotherewithyou.我要和你一块到那儿去。Yourteacherwouldntallowit.老师不会允许这件事。,（表意愿）,（表许可）,shall和should,1.shall用于构成将来时是助动词。shall用于征求对方的意见，表示“决心”是情态动词。eg:PerhapsIshallpayavisittoEnglandthiswinter.可能今年冬天我会去英国观光。（构成一般将来时,助动词）,Shallwegobytrain,Mom?妈妈，我们乘火车去好吗？（用于征求对方的意见，情态动词）Ishallgoatonce.我必须立即去。（表“决心”，情态动词）,2.should表示义务、建议、劝告，意为“应该”。“should+have+过去分词”表示本应该在过去做但没有做。eg:Youshouldkeepyourpromise.你应该遵守诺言。Sheshouldhavepassedtheexam.她应该通过考试的。,must的主要用法,1.表示必然性。eg:Wemustalldie.人总要死的。2.表示强制或者义务。eg:Youmustgetupearly.你必须早起来。,注意:mustnot的意思是不许可，不应该或者禁止。如：Wemustntwasteourtime.-MayItakethismagazineout?-No,youmustnt.must用于一般疑问句的时候，肯定回答应该用yes,please或者Imafraidso,其否定回答应该用neednt或者donthaveto。,表示推测，语气非常肯定，近乎确定的意味，一般用在肯定句。Itmustbeelevenoclocknow.Hemustbecrazy.在表示推测的否定或者疑问句中必须用can/could,不可以用must。IfMarydidntleavehereuntilfiveoclock,shecantbehomeyet.如果玛丽五点才离开这儿，她此时一定还未到家。,_Igoouttoplay,mum?No,you_.Youshoulddoyourhomeworkfirst.A.Might;wouldntB.May;hadbetternotC.Must;mustntD.Need;mustnt,课堂练兵,2.WhereisEmma?Icantsayforsurewheresheis,butshe_beoutshopping.A.canB.shouldC.mustD.may3.Theroomisinaterriblemess;it_cleaned.A.canthavebeenB.couldntbeC.mayhavebeenD.wouldbe,4.There_beanydifficultyaboutpassingtheroadtestsinceyouhavepractisedalotinthedrivingschool.A.mustntB.shantC.shouldntD.neednt5.Thisumbrellalookslikemine,butitisnt.Whose_itbe?A.mustB.canC.mayD.might,6.MayIsitbesideyou,sir?Sorry,you_.Look,mydaughteriscoming.A.cantB.mustntC.needntD.shouldnt7.Peter_bereallydifficultattimeseventhoughheisanicepersoningeneral.A.shallB.shouldC.canD.must,8.You_behungryalreadyyouhadlunchonlytwohoursago!A.wouldntB.cantC.mustntD.neednt9.Althoughthis_soundlikeasimpletask,greatcareisneeded.A.mustB.mayC.shallD.should,10.Shelooksveryhappy.She_havepassedtheexam.Iguessso.Itsnotdifficultafterall.A.shouldB.couldC.mustD.might11.Ivetakensomeoneelsesgreensweaterbymistake.It_Harrys.Healwayswearsgreen.A.hastobeB.willbeC.mustntbeD.couldbe,1.Someaspectsofapilotsjob_beboring,andpilotsoften_workatinconvenienthours.(2006湖南卷)A.can;havetoB.may;canC.haveto;mayD.oughtto;must,实战高考,2.Theweatherturnedouttobefineyesterday.I_thetroubletocarrymyumbrellawithme.(2006江西卷)A.shouldhavetakenB.couldhavetakenC.neednthavetakenD.mustnthavetaken,3.HowsyourtouraroundtheNorthLake?Isitbeautiful?It_be,butitisnowheavilypolluted.(2007全国I卷)A.willB.wouldC.shouldD.must4.Itoldyourfriendhowtogettothehotel,butperhapsI_havedrivenherthere.(2007陕西卷)A.couldB.mustC.nightD.should,5.Shelooksveryhappy.She_havepassedtheexam.Iguessso.Itsnotdifficultafterall.(2007江苏卷)A.shouldB.couldC.mustD.might6.Whereismydictionary?IrememberIputithereyesterday.You_itinthewrongplace.(2007江西卷)A.mustputB.shouldhaveputC.mightputD.mighthaveput,7.Accordingtotheairtrafficrules,you_switchoffyourmobilephoneboarding.(2008上海卷)A.mayB.canC.wouldD.should8.Althoughthis_soundlikeasimpletask,greatcareisneeded.(2008四川卷)A.mustB.mayC.shallD.should,9.Thankyouforallyourhardworklastweek.Idontthinkwe_itwithoutyou.(2008山东卷)A.canmanageB.couldhavemanagedC.couldmanageD.canhavemanaged,10.Butfortheirhelp,we_theprogramintime.(2009安徽卷)A.cannotfinishB.willnotfinishC.hadnotfinishedD.couldnothavefinished11.Thedoctorrecommendedthatyou_swimaftereatingalargemeal.(2009浙江卷)A.wouldntB.couldntC.needntD.shouldnt,12.Itstheoffice!Soyou_knoweatingisnotallowedhere.Oh,sorry.(2009湖南卷)A.mustB.willC.mayD.need13.Thetrafficisheavythisday.I_arriveabitlate,socouldyousavemeaplace?(2009辽宁卷)A.canB.mustC.needD.might,14.Justbepatient.You_excepttheworldtochangesosoon.(2010全国I卷)A.cantB.needntC.maynotD.willnot15.Ihaventgotthereferencebookyet,butIllhaveatestonthesubjectnextmonth.Dontworry.You_haveitbyFriday.(2010江苏卷)A.couldB.shallC.mustD.may,16.“You_haveawrongnumber,”shesaid.“Theresnooneofthatnamehere.”(2010浙江卷)A.needB.canC.mustD.would17.MayItakethisboo