人教版高一年级英语下学期Book 3 unit 4 language point PPT课件.ppt

Languagepoints:thinkof-as-把看做是think-(tobe)+n./adj.认为某人-thinkof(doing)sth.考虑，关心，想起-，构思出，对-的看法thinkabout(doing)sth.思考，考虑thinkhighly/well/muchof-对-高度评价thinkbadly/poorly/littleof-对-评价低thinkover-仔细考虑thinkup想出IthinkofJohnasasadpersonwithlittlesuccessinhislife.我认为约翰是个可悲的人，一辈子碌碌无为。Hethinkshimself(tobe)toooldforthejob.他认为自己年龄大，干不了那工作。Iamthinkingoftakingatripduringtheholiday.我在考虑假期出门旅行。Icantthinkofhisnameforthemoment.我一时想不起他的名字。Wemustthinkupagoodidea.我们得想出个好计划。.,System:Theyaredesigninganewroadsystem.Thepresentsystemofeducationneedsimproving.Hisseveralsecretariesworkwithsystem.,体系，系统,体制，制度方式，方法,tobeginwith和tostartwith两个词组都有以-开始的意思，句子里面都是作谓语。例如:1）tobeginwith以为起点，开始（做）Knowledgebeginswithpractice.Thefirstoceansbeganwithlittledropsofwater.2)tostartwith以开始，从着手Athousandlijourneystartswiththefirststep.,这两个词组都可以单独使用，表示首先；第一；起初；最初。在句中作时间状语Tobeginwith,Icouldntunderstandeveryword.Tostartwith,wehavethecorrectleadingshipoftheParty.,Several/some/one，two等具体的数词+hundred/thousand/million/billion/dozen/score等+名词复数形式表示多少百，千，百万等意义。注意：hundred/thousand用单数形式除score以外其他词后不加ofSeveral/twohundred/thousand/-studentshavepassedtheexam.Sheboughttwodozeneggs.Iboughtthreedozenofnewpens.Therearetwoscoreofpeopleaskingforyou.,hundreds/thousands/millions/billions/dozens/scores+of+名词复数形式表示乘百，乘千上万或许多的-注意：hundred/thousand-等用复数形式+ofTherearescoresofmodernartstyles.Themedicinehassavedmillionsofpeopleslivessinceitwasinvented.,Shortlyaftertheaccident,twopoliceweresenttothespottokeeporder.DozenofB.dozensC.dozenD.dozensofTwodiedofcoldlastwinter.A.hundredsoldpeopleB.hundredoldpeopleC.hundredsofoldpeopleD.hundredoldpeoples,C,B,beto+动词原形的用法：(1)表示按计划或安排要做的事。Whenareyoutoleaveforhome.(2)表示注定要发生的事。Hewastobecomeapianistaftersomanyyearsofhardwork.(3)表示应该，相当于should,oughttoYouaretoreporttothepolice.(4)表示必须，相当于must,haveto,YouaretodoyourhomeworkbeforeyouwatchTv.Youaretoanswerforwhatyouhavedone.用于第一人称疑问句，表示征求对方意见AmItogoonwiththework?(6)用于否定句，表示禁止，相当于mustntThebooksinthisroomarenottobetakenoutside.(7)表示可以、可能，相当于may,can.Thenewsistobefoundintheeveningpaper.,Inaroomabovethestore,whereaparty,someworkerswerebusilysettingthetable.wastobeheldB.hasbeenheldC.willbeheldD.isbeingheldInsuchdryweathertheflowerswillhavetobewateredifthey.havesurvivedB.aretosurviveC.wouldsurviveD.willsurvive,A,B,1.violent(adj.)猛烈的；激烈的；,猛烈的进攻极其的厌恶极度痛苦,(adv.)猛烈地；激烈地；(n.)猛烈；激烈；暴力；,船在海上强烈的风暴中沉没。Theboatsankina_atsea.,violent,storm,violently,aviolentattack,violentdislike,violentpain,violence,Theywereintimetoproducecarbon,nitrogen,watervapour,soonerorlater;eventually迟早；最后，总有一天Illseehimintime.总有一天我会遇见他。2)notlate及时；不迟Shewillbebackintimetopreparedinner.她来得及回来准备晚饭。,与time相关的短语按时，准时有时，偶尔立即，立刻在任何时候曾经，一度每一次，一次,ontime,attimes,innotime,atanytime,atonetime,atatimeforthetimebeing,暂时,intimeontimeinnotimeatonetimeattimesatanytime1.-Whyareyouinahurrytoleavehere?-Gethome_tobathethekid.2.Thesebusesarenever_andthepassengersarealwayscomplaining.3.Iamaway,pleasecallme_ifsomeonecometoseeme.,intime,ontime,atanytime,4.Youcantimaginethislakeusedtobeabeautifulplaceinourprovince_.5.Herushedoutofthekitchen_whenheheardtheshout.6._Isitsilentlyandwonderifthiskindofjobisworthalltheeffort.7.Attacktheseproblemssingly;donttrytosolvesix.8.ImsorrythatIcanthelpyou.Imverybusy.,atonetime,innotime,Attimes,atatime,forthetimebeing,harmful(adj.),有害的,harmless,反义词,harm(bable比possible可能性大表很可能，likely是从外表迹象进行判断指有可能发生的事Itispossible/probable/likely+that从句但是sb.belikelytodo(不能用possible/probable)as-aspossible尽可能地Ifpossible如果可能的话,Theymultipliedandfilledtheoceansandseaswithoxygen,whichencouragedthelaterdevelopment,multiply(v.)繁殖；增加；做乘法,multiply8by4842multipliedby4makes8.Efficiencywouldbemultipliedseveraltimes.效率提高好几倍。,encourageencouragement,discourage,(v.),(n.),discouraged气馁的discouraging令人气馁的,1.Mysuccessencouragedmetocontinue.,2.Highpricesforcornandwheatwillencouragefarming.,n.,encouragesb.todosth.,bylayingeggs.lay-laid-laid-laying放,把.放在.;产卵Helaidhisbooksonthedesk.注意:lay(laid;laid;laying)放置;产卵lie(lay;lain;lying)躺;位于lie(lied;lied;lying)说谎,Themanagerhadfallenasleepwherehewithoutundressing.waslyingB.waslayingC.hadlaidDhadliedAtthefootofthemountain.A.avillagelieB.liesavillageC.doesavillagelieD.lyingavillageInthedarkforest,somelargeenoughtoholdseveraltowns.A.standmanylakesB.liemanylakesC.manylakeslieD.manylakesstand,A,B,B,Thenaughtyboy_tomethatthehenthat_therejustnowhad_twoeggsthedaybefore.A.laid;laid;laidB.laid;lay;lainC.lied;laid;lainD.lied;lay;laid,D,Whytheysuddenlydisappearedstillremainsamystery.remainv.thewinneroftheprizewillbeannouncedsoon.A.seatingB.seatedC.toseatD.tobeseatedItwasalreadymidnightandonlythreeyoungmenintheteahouse.leftB.remainedC.delyedD.desertedItremainswhetherJimllbefittoplayinthefinals.A.seenB.tobeseenC.seingD.tosee,B,B,B,givebirthto1)生（孩子）Shesjustgivenbirthtoahealthybabygirl.她刚刚生了个健康的女婴。2)产生Theextraordinaryexperiencegavebirthtohislatestnovel.这段奇特的经历促成了他的最新的一部小说的诞生。,inonesturn轮到某人Iurn依次，反过来，反之byturns轮流，交替地Thegirlscalledouttheirnames.Thisincreaseproductioninfluencestheirincome.Wedidthework.,inturn,inturn,byturns,taketurnstodo-轮流做-Wetookturnstolookafterthepatient.考点对接：Peopletrytoavoidpublictransportationdelaysbyusingtheircars,andthiscreatefurtherproblems.A.inshortB.incaseC.indoubtD.inturn,D,Theyareputtingtoomuchcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere,whichpreventsheatfromescapingfromtheearthintospace.他们把太多的二氧化碳释放到大气层中,这就是使得热量不能从地球上散发到太空中去。,阅读下列句子,注意prevent.from的意思和用法。1.Therewasnothingtopreventherfromdoingso.2.Wemustpreventthewaterfrombeingpolluted.3.Theemperororderedhisporterstopreventthespeakerenteringthebuilding.,归纳prevent.from的意思是_。from后多跟动词-ing形式(句1、句2)；有时可省略from(句3)。拓展近义短语有:stop.from阻止干某事;keep.from阻止干某事。注意:prevent和stop后的from都可以省略,而keep.from中的from则不能省略，如果省略了,其意义将发生改变。,制止、阻止、使不做某事,1).Noonecanpreventtheplans_out.A.tobecarriedB.fromcarryingC.nottocarryD.frombeingcarried2).Theytriedtopreventtheplanefrom_ontherunway.A.landB.landingC.tolandD.beinglanded,Analysethefollowingsentences,1.Whatitwastobecomewasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe.Whatisevenmoreimportantisthatastheearthcooleddown,waterbegantoappearonitssurface.考点what引导的主语从句，第一句what在从句中作become的表语，第二句what在从句中作主语。,考例1_wasmostimportanttoher,shetoldme,washerfamily.（山东2008）A.ItB.whatC.thatD.As点拨选B。what引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语。若选it则应去掉第二个is；as引导定语从句，若选as则应去掉isthat。,考例2_isknowntousallisthatthe2008OlympicGameswilltakeplaceinBeijing.（福建2008）A.ItB.WhatC.AsD.Which点拨what引导主语从句并且在从句中作sayanddo的宾语。,2.Theearthbecamesoviolentthatitwasnotclearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot.1)violent猛烈的，激烈的2)whether可以引导主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句;而if只能引导宾语从句。,引导宾语从句既可以用whether,也可以用if,两者常可以互换。Heaskedmewhether/ifIcouldlendhimmybike.Couldyoutelluswhether/ifitsnowsinwinterinAustralia?,值得注意的是：whether和if都可以和ornot连用,但是whether之后可以直接跟ornot,而if则不能,如：Idontcarewhetherornotyourcarbreaksdown.,Idontknowwhetherornothescoming.但是不可以说：Idontcareifornotyourcarbreaksdown.,whether引导的从句一般不可以为否定结构(选择问句的后一部分除外);而if则可以跟否定结构,如:Idontcareifshedoesntcome.Idontcareifitdoesntrain.,在个别动词之后,如discuss等,只跟用whether引导的宾语从句,如:Theydiscussedwhethertheyshouldclosetheshop.WediscussedwhetherMarycouldjoinus.,whether可以引导从句作介词的宾语,而if则不能,如：Imnotinterestedinwhethertheyllgoornot.,whether可以直接跟动词不定式连用,而if则不能,如:Ididntknowwhethertolaughortocry.Shehasntdecidedwhethertogoornot.,引导主语从句(包括从句在句首的位置)应当用whether,不用if,如：Whetheritistrueremainsaproblem.Whetherhewillcome,Iamnotsure.,引导表语从句用whether,不用if,如:Thequestioniswhetheryoushouldacceptit.Thequestioniswhetherhewillspeakatthemeeting.,引导同位语从句用whether,不用if,如:Thequestionwhetherhellattendthemeetingisessential.IamindoubtwhetherIshouldagreetotheplan.,(NMET1996)1._wellgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.2.Ihavejustdiscuss_weshouldgivehimenoughhelp.3.Theyhadnoidea_ornottheycouldachievetheirgoals.,Whether,whether,whether,theearthmaybecometoohottoliveon.地球可能会因此变得太热而不适合生物的生存。,有关too的一些用法too作“太”讲。Thereistoomuchwater.水太多了。Thisshirtistoolargeforme.这衬衫我穿起来太大。Theproblemisrathertoohardforme.这个问题对我来说太难了。,2)当“tooadj.(形容词)inf.(动词不定式)”时,有两种不同的意义,一种为“太以至(不)”,在翻译时要加上一个否定词;另一种是“太”,语意肯定,但too后的形容词常用ready,heavy,beautiful等。,Thequestionistoohardtounderstand.问题太难,理解不了。Heistooproudtoseehisownshortcomings.他太骄傲了以至于看不到自己的缺点。Youaretooreadytofindfaultwithothers.你太爱挑别人的毛病了。,3)当“only/all/not/buttooadj.(形容词)inf.(动词不定式)”时,后面的动词不定式在翻译时不必加否定词。only等与too连用等于very(非常)。,Ishallbeonlytoopleasedtohearfromyoufurther.我非常欢迎你再来信。Theyarebuttoogladtodoso.他们非常喜欢这么做。Weareonlytoopleasedtoworktogetherwiththeworkers.我们和工人们一起劳动,非常高兴。,4)在“cannotcannever.too”结构中，应理解为“无论怎样也不会过分”。Youcannotpraisehimtoohighly.你无论怎样表扬他也不过分。,Wecannotbetoocarefulindoingexperiments.我们做实验无论怎样小心也不过分。Youcanneverbetoocarefulofyourhealth.你越注意健康越好。,5)当too用于数量增减时,表示“过(多、少、长等)”的意思。Itistoolongbyhalf.它长了一半。Hehasgivenmesixtoomany(few).他多(少)给了我六个。Thisrodis3inchestoolong.这杆长了3英寸。,-Areyougoingtothefootballgame?-No.Theticketsare_expensiveforme.A.verymuchB.fartooC.highlyD.somuch解析:too+形容词+forsb.表示“太”,far可置于too前表示程度。,B,whetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.在未来的千百万年中,生命能否在地球一延续将取决于这个问题能否得到解决。,dependvi.相信,信赖;依靠,依赖(尤指钱);视而定YoucandependonJohnheisalwaysontime.你可以相信约翰,他总是很准时。,相关短语：,believesb.相信某人（所说的话）believeinsb.信任/信赖某人trust(in)sb.相信/信任/信赖某人dependoncountonsb.relyon,信任/相信/依赖/依靠某人,Tellhimwhatyouwanttosay;hesamanto_.A.countB.believeC.trustD.depend解析:相信/信赖某人:countonsb./believeinsb./dependonsb./trust(in)sb.,C,I.根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出该单词的正确形式。1.This_(理论)helpstoexplainhowanimalscommunicatewitheachother.2.Thefinalcostcouldbeasmuchasoneb_dollars.3.31peoplehavebeeninjuredin_(暴力的)incidentsthroughouttheday.,练习坊,theory,billion,violent,4.Acrosstheg_,sealevelvariesbyhundredsoffeet.5.A(n)_(原子)issosmallthatwecannotseeit.6.Smokingish_tohealth,butsomepeoplecannotgetridofit.7.Thebestwaytogetthat_(二氧化碳)intotheatmosphereistowarmtheentireplanet.,globe,atom,harmful,carbondioxide,8.Thenewownershavetriedtogivetherestaurantamorefamily-friendly_(气氛).9.O_isakindofgasthatisnecessaryformostanimalsandplantstolive.10.Iwassurprisedbythe_(出席)ofsomanypeopleatthemeeting.,atmosphere,Oxygen,presence,II.用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。1.Theshiprocked_(violent)fromsidetoside,causingmanypassengerstofeelseasick.2.Thereisa_(fundament)differenceinattitudebetweenthesetwopoliticians.3.Itisgenerallyacceptedthatsmokingis_(harm)toourhealth.,violently,fundamental,harmful,4.Ourproblemshave_(multiply)sincelastyear.5.Scientistswanttoknowwhetherlife_(exist)onotherplanets.6.Shelistenedwitha_(puzzle)expressiononherface.,multiplied,exists,puzzled,III.用适当的介词填空。1.According_ourrecords,thebooksyouhaveborrowedshouldnowbereturnedtothelibrary.2.Tobegin_,weoughttoknowwhatwearestudyingfor.3.Whenthefirebrokeoutinthemovietheater,peoplelosttheirheadsandran_alldirections.,to,with,in,4.Thecarcametoastopjust_timetopreventanaccident.5.Heusuallycomestoschoolearly.Itsvery_himtobesolatetoday.6.Aknowledgeofphysicsisfundamental_anyunderstandingofthisproblem.7.Thesmellofrainandwetnesswaseverywhere.Itseemedtofillme_energy.,in,unlike,to,with,8.Whenyouareyoung,youdreamaboutallsorts_things.9.Hegrowsnotonlyvegetablesbutalsoflowersinhisgarden;thatis,hegrowsflowers_vegetables.10.Aseedcangrow_atree,andtreesmakeupbeautifulforests.11.CanyoutellmehowChinaisdifferent_yourcountry?,of,aswellas,into,from,12._thepasthehadtoreadbycandlelight.13.Shegavebirth_a