人教版中考英语九年级总复习语法专题10非谓语动词.ppt

专题10非谓语动词,专题10非谓语动词,考点直击,点睛在句中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫非谓语动词。非谓语动词有三种形式：不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词)。,专题10非谓语动词,1不定式的用法1作主语。不定式作主语时，谓语动词用单数，通常用于it作形式主语的句型中。如：Itsimpossibleforustofinishtheworkwithin3days.对于我们来说，在三天之内完成这项工作是不可能的。,专题10非谓语动词,2作表语。不定式放在be动词后作表语。如：Myworkistocleantheroomeveryday.我的工作是每天打扫房间。Ourplanistokeeptheaffairsecret.我们的计划是让这件事成为秘密。,专题10非谓语动词,3作定语。不定式作定语时通常要放在被修饰的词后，作后置定语。如：Ihavealotofhouseworktodoeveryday.我每天都有许多家务活要做。注意有些不及物动词的不定式作定语时，不定式动词后要加一个适当的介词。如：Ihavearoomtolivein.我有房间住。,专题10非谓语动词,4作状语，表明目的、原因等。如：Icomehereonlytosaygoodbyetoyou.我来这儿仅仅是向你告别。(目的状语)5作宾语。能接不定式作宾语的动词很多，常见的有want,like,wish,hate,prefer,hope,continue,manage,try,ask,offer,start,forget,promise,mean,pretend,begin,decide,learn,agree,choose,expect等。另外，tell,advise,show,teach,findout,decide,discuss,learn,forget等动词常用一个带连接代(副)词的不定式作宾语。如：,专题10非谓语动词,Sheconsideredhowtoanswerthequestion.她考虑如何回答这个问题。注意在个别的介词后可用“连接代(副)词不定式”这种结构作宾语。如：Everyonehashisownideaofhowtodoit.如何做这件事每个人都有自己的想法。,专题10非谓语动词,6作宾语补足语。不定式在使役动词let,make,have和感官动词see,hear,watch,notice,feel及find等后作宾语补足语时要省略to。巧记这些动词：一感(feel)、二听(hear,listento)、三让(let,make,have)、四看(lookat,see,watch,notice)、半帮助(help)。但变为被动语态时，作补语的不定式必须加上to。如：,专题10非谓语动词,Theteacherletuscopythenewwordstentimes.老师让我们抄写10遍生词。Hetoldmenottolookdownonthedisabled.他告诉我不要瞧不起残疾人。Theyweremadetoleavetheirhometown.他们被迫离开了家乡。,专题10非谓语动词,2动名词的用法1作主语。如：Playingcomputergamestoomuchisbadforyoureyes.过多地玩电脑游戏对你的眼睛有害。,专题10非谓语动词,2作宾语。(1)常见的接动名词的动词或短语有consider,dislike,enjoy,feellike,finish,giveup,imagine,keep,mind,miss,practice,putoff,suggest,canthelp(情不自禁),bebusy,cantstand(无法忍受)等。如：Jackenjoyslisteningtomusic.杰克喜欢听音乐。,专题10非谓语动词,(2)既可接动名词作宾语，又可以接动词不定式作宾语的动词或短语有forget,goon,mean,regret,remember,stop,try等，但意义上有区别。如：stopdoingsth.停止做某事stoptodosth.停下来去做某事(另一件事)Pleasestopworking.请停止工作。Letsstoptohavearest.咱们停下来休息一会儿吧。,专题10非谓语动词,remember/forgetdoingsth.记住/忘记做过某事(已做)remember/forgettodosth.记住/忘记去做某事(未做)Irememberbuyingsomepostcardsforhim.我记得给他买了些明信片。Dontforgettohaveaswimwithustomorrow.别忘了明天和我们一起去游泳。,专题10非谓语动词,trydoingsth.尝试做某事trytodosth.尽力做某事Hestryingdrivinghisnewcar.他正尝试着开他的新车。Hermotheralwaystriestogohomeearlierafterwork.她母亲下班后总是尽量早点回家。,专题10非谓语动词,goondoingsth.继续做某事(同一件事)goontodosth.继续做另一件事Theworkerswentonworkingaftertherainstopped.雨停下来后，工人们继续干活。Shewentontocookdinneraftershewashedclothes.洗完衣服后，她继续做晚饭。,专题10非谓语动词,(3)lookforwardto,beusedto,bebusy,havedifficulty/trouble/problem(in)，haveagood/wonderful/hardtime(in)等动词短语及about,of,for等介词后也必须接动名词形式。如：Ilookforwardtohearingfromyousoon.我盼望早点收到你的来信。Imsorryforcominglate.对不起我来晚了。,专题10非谓语动词,3作表语。如：Myhobbyismakingallkindsofkites.我的爱好是制作各种各样的风筝。4作定语。如：Therearethreereadingroomsinourschool.我们学校有三个阅览室。,专题10非谓语动词,3分词的用法分词分为现在分词和过去分词两种。现在分词表示主动或动作正在进行；过去分词表示被动或动作已经完成。1作定语。单个分词作前置定语；分词短语作后置定语。如：Thebuildingbuiltlastyearwasdesignedbymyuncle.那栋去年建造的大楼是我的叔叔设计的。,专题10非谓语动词,2作表语。如：Thefilmisveryinteresting.Iminterestedinit.这部电影很有趣。我对它感兴趣。3作状语。如：Laughingandtalking,theywentintotheroom.他们有说有笑地进了房间。4作宾语补足语。分词作宾语补足语，通常位于感官动词和使役动词之后。如：Illhavemyhaircut.我想把我的头发理一下。,专题10非谓语动词,考点过关,.根据句意及汉语提示完成句子1Idontknowhow_(算出)themathproblem.2Wefinditnecessary_(保护)wildanimals.3Mr.Brownaskedustostop_(交谈)andwestoppedtolistentohimatonce.,toworkout,toprotect,talking,专题10非谓语动词,4Dontyouknowthatteenagersarentallowed_(抽烟)?5Wouldyoumind_(关)thewindow?6Youforgot_(叫醒)meupagain.Sorry,Iwontnexttime.7Shespentthewholemorning_(写)theletter.,tosmoke,closing,towake,writing,专题10非谓语动词,8Ourteachersalwaysencourageus_(参加)theclubs.,tojoin,专题10非谓语动词,.用括号中所给词的适当形式填空1Studentsshouldlearnhow_(solve)problems.2Canyoufinish_(read)thesebooksbefore10oclock?Yes,Ican.3OurEnglishteacheroftensaystous,“_(learn)Englishwellisveryimportant.”,tosolve,reading,Learning,专题10非谓语动词,4Howkindyouare!Youalwaysdowhatyoucan_(help)others.5Howisyourgrandma?Shesfine.Sheusedto_(watch)TVathomeaftersupper.Butnowsheisusedto_(go)outforawalk.6Itsbadforyou_(eat)toomuchjunkfood.,tohelp,watch,going,toeat,专题10非谓语动词,7Theassistantwontletyou_(enter)ifyouhaventaticket.8Itswrongofyou_(speak)totheoldimpolitely.9Theressomethingwrongwithhiscomputerandhellhaveit_(repair)tomorrow.10Dontkeepher_(wait)attheschoolgate.,enter,tospeak,repaired,waiting,专题10非谓语动词,语法专练,12013吉林Wouldyoumind_thedoor?Itsquitewindyoutside.AcloseB.closingCtoclose22014黔西南Tomsmothertoldhim_eatingtoomuchmeat.AstoppingBtostopCstopsDstopped,B,B,专题10非谓语动词,32014绵阳SofartheexchangeprogramhasbroughtmanyforeignerstoChina_Chinese.AstudyBtostudyCstudyingDstudied42013白银_honestisthefirstthingpeopleshouldlearn.ABeingB.LookCBeD.Become,B,A,专题10非谓语动词,52014广东Inorder_forthemeeting,mysisterforcedherselftogetupearlythismorning.AnottobelateBnotbeinglateCtobelateD.beinglate62014烟台Youlooktired.Youdbetter_agoodrest.AstoptohaveBstophavingCtostoptohaveDtostophaving,A,A,专题10非谓语动词,72013衢州Manychildrenareleftaloneinthecountryside.Letstryourbest_them.AhelpB.helpingCtohelpD.helps,C,专题10非谓语动词,82013滨州Wouldyoulike_campingwithme?Idliketo.ButImbusy_myhomework.Atogo;todoB.togo;doingCgoing;todoD.going;doing,C,B,专题10非谓语动词,92013黄石Seeingtheirteacher_intotheclassroom,theystopped_atonce.Awalk;tellingB.entering;tospeakCenter;totellD.walking;talking,D,专题10非谓语动词,102013安顺WhostheboyinawhiteTshirt_underthetree?Myfriend.AstandB.tostandCstoodD.standing,D,专题10非谓语动词,112013呼和浩特Tom,wouldyouplease_thebox?Itsforyoursister.AnotopenB.dontopenCnottoopenD.tonotopen12Hesaidhehoped_hisson.AtoseeByoutoseeCseeingDyouseeing,A,A,专题10非谓语动词,13WhyisLinlinpracticingspeakingEnglish?_abroadforfurtherstudy.AGoBGoneCTogoDGoes14Itsdangerous_acloselookatthetigerinthezoo.AforustakingB.ofustotakeCofustakingD.forustotake,C,D,专题10非谓语动词,15MypenpalAndrewfounditdifficult_Chinesewell.AlearningBlearnCtolearnDlearned,C,it作形式宾语，不定式是真正的宾语。,专题10非谓语动词,16Youmustgetyourroom_beforeyouleave.AcleanedBtocleanCcleaningDtobecleaned,A,getsth.done意为“让某事被做”。,专题10非谓语动词,17.Dontforget_yourhistoryandpoliticsbookstomorrowmorning.Thanks.Iwont.AbringBtobringCbringingDtotake,B,专题10非谓语动词,18Whilewewererunningontheplayground,Jacksuddenlystopped_andlayontheground,soweallstopped_whatwaswrongwithhim.Atorun;toseeBrunning;seeingCrunning;toseeDtorun;seeing,C,stopdoingsth.意为“停止正在做的事情”；stoptodosth.意为“停止原来做的事情去做另一件事情”。,专题10非谓语动词,19OurChineseteachercameintotheclassroom，_abookunderhisarm.AcarriesBcarriedCtocarryDcarrying,D,这里用现在分词短语表示伴随状态。,专题10非谓语动词,20Iguesstheremustbesomeone_outsidethehouse.Letsgoouttoseewhoitis.AspeaksBspeakingCspokeDtospeak,B,theremustbesb.doingsth.意为“肯定有某人正在做某事”，现在分词doing表示动作正在进行。,专题10非谓语动词,21Itwassuchafunnyshowthatpeoplecouldnthelp_againandagain.AlaughBtolaughClaughingDlaughed,C,canthelpdoingsth.意为“情不自禁做某事”。,专题10非谓语动词,22Iprefer_TVto_books.Areading;watchingBseeing;watchingCwatching;lookingDwatching;reading,D,preferdoingsth.todoingsth.意为“宁可做某事，而不愿做某事”。,专题10非谓语动词,23Wellconsider_arobotthatcanbothworkandthink.AmakingBtomakeCmakeDmade,A,considerdoingsth.意为“考虑做某事”。,专题10非谓语动词,24Mypenfriendusedto_Japanese,butnowheisusedto_Chinese.Aspeak;sayBsay;sayingCspeak;speakingDsay;speak,C,“usedto动词原形”意为“过去常常做某事”；“beusedtov.ing”意为“习惯做某事”，都是固定搭配。,专题10非谓语动词,25Doyoufeellike_orshallwegobybus?Iprefertowalk,butwemust_ataxi,foritstoolate.Awalking;takeBtowalk;totakeCwalking;totakeDtowalk;take,A,feellikedoingsth.意为“想要做某事”，是固定搭配；must后接动词原形。,专题10非谓语动词,26Youshouldmakeyourself_byothers.AunderstandBunderstandingCunderstoodDtobeunderstood,C,考查过去分词作宾语补足语。makeyourselfunderstood意为“使你自己被理解”。,专题10非谓语动词,27Goon_theotherexerciseafteryouhavefinishedthisone.AdoingBtobedoingCtodoDwith,C,根据句中的“theotherexercise”可知此题考查短语goontodosth.，意为“继续做(和前一件事不同)”。,专题10非谓语动词,28Whyareyousoexcited?Peterinvitedme_onatriptoYuntaiMountain.AtogoBgoCgoingDwent,A,invitesb.todosth.意为“邀请某人做某事”，todosth.作宾语补足语。,专题10非谓语动词,29ThemostimportantthingI