外文翻译--国内高空作业机械行业现状及发展方向

附 录 Present situation of access working vehicles industry and its development stratagem in China Our work in the machinery production in the late 1970s, rapid development, started the current production management enterprise with several rapidly increased to over 40, and foreign joint ventures or cooperative enterprises have five production. According to 2004 and 2005 the Chinese mechanical engineering yearbook， 2003 annual aloft working machinery industrial output for 32139 million yuan, the production of various kinds of aerial work platform 1906, aerial work platform car 7.4, In 2004, aloft working machinery industrial output for 36340 million yuan, the production of various kinds of aerial work platform 2500, car 800 sets. In recent years, through several backbone enterprise industry technical transformation, the production scale expands unceasingly, formed the respective characteristics of the products can meet the domestic market # aerial work machinery need, its main economic index of enterprise economic benefits are rising gradually, increasing. 1 Aloft working machinery industry development present situation 1.1 To improve product performance Our aloft working machinery industry backbone enterprises of some use their equipment and technology advantages, through the study, the introduction and digest its own technology and equipment, through the study, introduce advanced foreign technology and developed many new products, the products of the technical level and product quality is improving, and close to the international similar product level # promoted aloft working machinery industry in the domestic market and technological progress in competitive and market demand, the yield increased rapidly. If Beijing hoisting machine factory developed self-traveling shear fork platform, the spider type folding boom platform, aluminum mast section of the box. One box type aluminum mast section of the largest single mast operation platform will reach the height of 16.5 m, Hangzhou and engineering machines more mast 22m reached alloy platform, hangzhou aichi engineering vehicles Co., LTD develop full hydraulic driving type self-traveling aerial work platform, the maximum height of 26.7 m homework. The above products fill the blank, domestic products have reached the international advanced level. In addition, in the car factory products, fushun crane, jinzhou heavy machinery Co., LTD, xuzhou construction machinery group and chongqing dajiang industrial (group) Co., LTD has developed over 30 aloft work, broken fire only depending on the imported products of domestic situation of the weak. 1.2 Product category and quantity increasing Our work with the mechanical product demand of national economy and the development of urban construction increased year by year, all kinds of new products increased rapidly in recent years. If Beijing hoisting machine factory in just a few short years time successively developed car scissor platform, shear fork self-traveling platform, folding boom type platform, single mast aluminum alloy platform and double mast section aluminum box platform, aluminum mast platform, manual mast platform for nearly 10 varieties of products to more than 30 specifications. Hangzhous engineering machine developed in recent years has single mast aluminum alloy platform, mast platform and aluminum mast platform, aluminum mast completed 10m platform and 12m 14m 16m 18m, and seven kinds of specifications 22m were developed. Hangzhou aichi engineering vehicles Co., LTD has developed the self-traveling hydraulic drive aerial work platform for domestic shipping building, building, airport and mining enterprise of installation and maintenance, provides the new project. PuYuan group Co., LTD. Has developed 12m 16m, 30, and 20m 25m, car and QKH8-19-8 lifting and car. Jinzhou heavy machinery Co., LTD. In recent years has completed 22m, high altitude 32m 50m, big JiuYuanChe fire, xuzhou heavy machinery finished high altitude JiuYuanChe 67m big fire19. 2 Aloft working machinery industry problems （ 1） Part of enterprise technology innovation ability is poor Part of the enterprise value product update and new product development, product decades of consistent, specifications, single market business enterprise product yield, narrow range declined year by year, industry benefits. In recent years, the work of mechanical products into the domestic, such as Finland, the United States JLG, Bronto company is well-established and Genin, Up Skyjack Snorkel, such as Britain, Italy, Denmark, some famous companies in China were successively established offices, and in the large and special products of high product main domestic markets, still holds such as aerial insulation car, spiders type high operation platform, self-traveling aerial work platform, etc. These imported products performance is good, beautiful appearance, price and domestic products, strong competitiveness. (2) Most of the enterprise with independent production, Specialized production craft level is very low, backward, low labor productivity. A small companies, small mill production enterprises, such as aerial work machinery in jiangsu, guangdong, a region have dozens of small business enterprise, the product yield less, poor quality, low price, severe shock and affect the normal market sales. 3 Aloft working machinery industry development direction 3.1 Increase the enterprise technological innovation Aloft working industry as a new industry, urban construction to adjust the structure of products. To grasp the power supply with aloft working mechanical products, construction machinery and charged up self-traveling insulating aerial work mechanical product development, indoor light work platform and 25m above fire rescue car development and application. The general development trend is to expand the scope of homework assignments machinery aloft to satisfy different needs of assignment , To ensure the safe use of personnel homework, Improve control and performance. Aerial work platform products in domestic most previous hand thrust, big volume weight, quality, change is very difficult, and to work site users and inconvenience on product developed countries have updated. Therefore, the development of light alloy platform and self-traveling platform a broad prospect in recent years, the development from domestic sales alloy platform to also proved this point. Priority should be controlled mechanical aloft work safety and protection technology, indoor and outdoor light work platform and operation platform and big homework self-traveling amplitude platform and new-type multi-functional car research and development. 3.2 Develop special engineering vehicle chassis To improve our car technology level, must solve engineering problems vehicle chassis. China now is to improve the overall level of automobile industry, collectivize way, and actively introduce scale of foreign capital and technology, but also to light chassis. Car manufacturers should be based on the car according to the specific requirements, specifically designed light, medium and heavy truck chassis for car modified. 3.3 Extended use of the product function and purpose Our high mechanical use scope is narrow, the use of main street lamp, road traffic, have garden department, the domestic manufacturer mostly concentrated in the subway station, user, stores, factories, power, and other departments, its market street is far from mining and cultivation. Aloft working machinery in the promising electricity, telecommunications and cable TV system using less, investigate its reason is the domestic product technical performance and parameters can completely meet the requirement of three systems used in product usage and function, also should be updated. If be used in aerial work mechanical construction to substitute some scaffold construction, building exterior surface decoration, cleaning and maintenance, etc. But from the product of adaptability, technical performance on breakthrough20. With the development of our national economy, power of industrial and agricultural production and peoples life, the country has inestimable loss begins to implement the electricity law of the power supply reliability requirements, more and more high, the first-class enterprise in power system of power supply reliability requirement activities, so how to achieve 99.9% power maintenance - doesnt solve the problem with some homework has been very prominent.This new car to break the routine work, the pattern, the plane to using non-metallic arm high insulation materials, work for the operation of the control measures of general electric, and not even lift, with liquid control ability, and have more reliable safety and stability, fine-tuning. Telecom and cable TV system used car requirement, can walk street, flexible, convenient operation, wear lane ride comfort. This requires design of advanced automobile chassis, small power output and solve problems. Particular attention should be paid to the car, new product development can limit on car, should consider it is a kind of engineering machinery, in order to adapt to the need of user as the premise, walking style can use electric self-traveling hydraulic control, tires, self-traveling self-traveling, caterpillar self-traveling etc. Our ship industry to tire self-traveling hydraulic control of the car industry, building a great demand for products will produce self-traveling crawler demand, interior decoration, cleaning industry needs motor car self-traveling. With the highway and bridge, gradually appear to have negative low-altitude homework properties of car, in order to solve the problem of the road viaduct, this kind of special car in abroad, but in China already has just begun. 国内高空作业机械行业现状及发展方向 我国高空作业机械的生产于 20 世纪 70 年代末开始起步，发展较快，目前生产经营企业已由原来的几家迅速增加到 40 余家，其中与国外合资或合作生产的企业有 5 家。根据 2004 年和 2005 年中国工程机械年鉴 ， 2003 年 年高空作业机械工业总产值为 32139 万元，生产各类高空作业平台 1906 台，高空作业车 740台； 2004 年高空作业机械工业总产值为 36340 万元，生产各类高空作业平台 2500台，高空作业车 800 台。行业几个骨干企业通过近几年的技术改造，其生产规模不断扩大，形成了各自特色的产品系列 #基本能满足国内市场高空作业机械的需要，企业的各项主要经济指标逐步上升，经济效益也逐年提高。 1 高空作业机械行业的发展现状 1.1 产品性能提高 我国高空作业机械行业的一些骨干企业利用自己的技术和设备优势，通过学习、引 进和消化自己的技术和设备优势，通过学习、引进和消化国外先进技术开发了许多新产品，其产品的技术水平和产品质量都不断提高，达到和接近了国际同类产品的水平 #推动了高空作业机械行业的技术进步，在国内市场中竞争力强、市场销路好，产量增加较快。如北京起重机器厂开发了自行式剪叉平台、蜘蛛式折臂平台、箱型截面铝合金桅柱平台。其中箱型截面铝合金桅柱平台单桅柱最大作业高度达到了 16.5m；杭州赛奇工程机械厂多桅柱铝合金平台达到了 22m，杭州爱知工程车辆有限公司开发的全液压驱动型自行式高空作业平台，最大作业高度可达 26.7m。以 上产品填补了国内产品空白，达到了国际先进水平。此外，在高空作业车产品方面，抚顺起重机总厂、锦州重型机械股份有限公司、徐州工程机械集团以及重庆大江工业（集团）有限公司等先后开发了 30m 以上的高空消防作业车，彻底打破了国内只能依赖进口产品的薄弱局面。 1.2 产品种类和数量不断增加 我国高空作业机械产品的需求量随着国民经济和城市建设的发展逐年增加，各种规格的新产品近几年增加较快。如北京起重机器厂在短短几年时间先后开发了车载剪叉式平台、剪叉自行式平台、折臂式平台、单桅柱铝合金平台和双桅柱铝合金平台、箱型截面铝合金 桅柱平台、手动铝合金桅柱平台等近 10 个品种 30多个规格的产品。杭州赛奇工程机械厂近几年先后开发了单桅柱铝合金平台、桅柱铝合金平台及多桅柱铝合金平台，其中多桅柱铝合金平台完成了 10m、 12m、14m、 16m、 18m、 20m、 22m 共 7 种规格的研制。杭州爱知工程车辆有限公司开发了全液压驱动的自行式高空作业平台，为国内船舶修造、建筑、机场及工矿企业的安装检修工程等提供了新的品种。浦沅集团有限公司开发了 12m、 16m、20m、 25m、 30m高空作业车和 QKH8-19-8 起重及高空作业车。锦州重型机械股份有限公司近年 也完成了 22m、 32m、 50m大高度高空消防救援车的研制，徐州重型机械厂完成了 67m大高度高空消防救援车的研制。 2 高空作业机械行业存在的问题 （ 1）部分企业技术创新能力较差 部分企业不重视产品的更新和新产品的开发 ， 产品几十年一贯制 ， 种规格单一 、市场经营范 围窄 ， 企业产品产量逐年下降 ， 业效益差 。 近几年 ， 外高空作业机械产品纷纷进入国内 ， 如芬兰的 Bronto 公司 、美国 JLG、 Genin、 Up-right、Snorkel、 Skyjack 等公司以及英国 、意大利 、丹麦的一些著名公司在国内都相继设立了办事机构 ， 而且在大高 度产品和特殊产品中仍然占有国内主要市场 ， 如高空绝缘作业车 、 蜘蛛式大高度作业平台 、 自行式高空作业平台等 。 这些进口产品性能好 、 外观美 ， 价格与国内产品相差不多 ， 具有很强的竞争力 。 （ 2） 专业化生产水平低的小作坊式企业较多 国内大部分企业以自主生产为主 ， 专业化生产水平很低 ， 工艺落后 、 劳动生产率低 。 一些小公司 、 小作坊式企业纷纷生产高空作业机械 ， 如在江苏 、 广东等地 ， 一个地区就有数十家企业 ， 这些小企业的产品产量少 、 质量差 、 价格低 ， 严重冲击和影响着正常的市场销售 。 3、高空作业机械行业的发展方向 3.1 加大企业的技术创新 力度 高空作业行业作为城市建设的新型产业 ， 必须调整产品结构 。 要抓好供电用高空作业机械产品 、 建筑用自行式登高作业机械及带电绝缘高空作业机械产品的开发 ， 室内外轻型作业平台和 25m 以上消防救援高空作业车的开发和应用 。 总的发展趋势是致力于扩大高空作业机械的作业范围 #满足不同作业的需要 ； 确保使用人员的作业安全 ； 提高操纵和使用性能 。 高空作业平台产品以往国内大多以手