企业文化自信缺失与重建.doc

黄石理工学院外文文献翻译毕 业 设 计（论文）外 文 文 献 翻 译企业文化自信缺失与重建学 院： 经济与管理学院 专业名称： 工商管理本科 学 号： 学生姓名： 指导教师： application of relay technology in network laboratory of university abstract：relay technology is a management method that extracts from numerous construction processes. fixing attention on current step, it mostly focus on finding the best action that would optimize the operations and connections between the neighboring steps so as to yield the best possible products or services. along the steps of a process relay technology realizes the consistency of personal control, organization regulations, and surrounding environment, and therefore eliminates, to a very large extent, the loss or retardance caused by human errors or some uncontrollable events. to exert the function of network of laboratories, save resources, and improve teaching effectiveness, we apply relay technology in building the network of laboratory of one institute.keywords：network laboratory building relay technology application.introduction electronic university laboratory is the tendency of modern university optimization of every aspect of laboratory construction, attracting trainees and helping them acquire more knowledge, guiding students to make full use of spare time to learning, those are the core of building the network labs. by introducing the relay technology into labs building, this article analyses the advantage of relay technology in network construction projects.the theory of relay technology a. the concept of relay technology relay technology is analogous to the strategy one would use in a relay race. fixing attention on current step, it mostly focus on finding the best action that would optimize the operations and connections between the neighboring steps so as to yield the best possible products or services. along the steps of a process relay technology realizes the consistency of personal control, organization regulations, and surrounding environment, and therefore eliminates, to a very large extent, the loss or retardance caused by human errors or some uncontrollable events.b. characteristics of relay technologybefore accepting the “stick” of the preceding step one should do corresponding preparations, just as running up and acceleration in a relay race. this important idea of precaution is unfortunately ignored by many other system management methods. the three crucial points of relay technology is, be prepared for accepting task from the preceding step, finishing current step, and smoothly passing task to the next step. it has slightly different with total quality management, project management and timely production.both total quality management (tqm) and just in time (jit) apply the theory about production efficiency partly. they are applied to solve the problem of effective manufacture schedule and the linkage between process. the way of thinking and its management have unique insights. “the next process is the user, the user is god is the main point of these production theories. but relay technology consider that, along with the development of social technology, user needs improvement ,especially in the convergence process requires the coordination of more stringent conditions, this only emphasized that the procedure for the next process services, the pure and tight management of production defects starting exposure guidelines. because of factors and uncertainties, production operation is occasionally out of control inevitable. there exist objective difficulties to absolutely guarantee each process can be satisfied by the next process, because disturbances of uncontrollable factors can be not completely eliminated in actual operation process, such as climate changing, capital supply, products in the market, equipments supplying.project management often is required to complete the project in the shortest time and at minimal cost. this requirement is a contradictory goal of cost and efficiency. in the actual management, it also often expressed as: completing building project high-efficiencyly to meet the customer requirements on time ,controlling the overall costs to complete projects within budget .successful project management is to seek a compromise and balance between the contradictory goals .it is called optimization. relay technology is based on productive efficiency .it emphasized the advance preparation and action for access next process .it is required to be ready for next process. when a process is handed on according to production schedule, workers must make arrangements in advance and make ready for it at the appropriate time, so that it can be best and fastest be accepted, then success can be ensured.c. relay technology relay technology was first proposed by chen qingshou, the chief engineer of wuhan iron and steel(group) corporation, in journal of science & technology progress and policy in 1993.after the deeply study, professor pan kailing , who comes from the wuhan university of technology ,formed the relay technology theory system. and after nearly 20 years of development of professor pan and his disciples, relay technology has been gradually improved. its application domain is derived, refinement .now it is applied much more widely then in construction management originally.the necessity of applying relay technology in building university labsa. university laboratory building needs a new modeluniversity laboratory course is now almost confined to specific institutes or specialty, thus it is difficult to form a system for knowledge sharing; meanwhile, most university labs are entity but not virtual, it was difficult for students to participate in the number of breakthroughs for the limitation of time and space，so current labs have to continue to be kept building to meet the grow demand at the practice teaching on the one hand the rising investment of current labs, for continuously updated electronic products, especially computers, on the other hand there has been a gradual increase in the number of student owning computer in universities, but they cant experiment on computers like in labs, and the labs have been fully engaged. then a new mode is well worth exploring to use of students computers rationally and guide students studying in extracurricular.b. university laboratories need to provide more attractive experiencesetting laboratory curriculum and teaching software should be combined with learning features and interests of current students, and the mode of lecture room introducing history is a good example. at this stage, the electronic sand table course can attract students to maintain a high degree of participation and interest in course content and outcome of deep memory. the ultimately reason is the experimental purpose of application of management theory in companies.c. university laboratory courses in social practice needs to adaptafter graduated, university students often have choice of three ways, further education, starting a business, employment. by attentive analysis of the policy of expanding employment by encouraging business startups, we can find that the primary purposes of most graduating students are getting a job. since the main objective of teaching is to help students graduate and be employed, so it is necessary to combine university teaching with the needs of the society, especially experimental teaching. some personnel training scheme are caviar to the general and often are questioned. laboratory courses combining theory with practice is the combining is the breakthrough to ameliorate this status.iv.setting relay points in building universityelectronic laboratoryfigure 1. chart of college network laboratoryif a university network laboratory is invested and operated by a professional enterprise, the university can save investment effectively, and it can have practical significances, such as saving investment, developing courseware, teaching material compile and distribution, training students, ect. under the new operation mode, the core issue is how to protect the needs and interests of all parties. this paper illustrate settings and transfer of a few core relay points in construction of university electronic sand table laboratory.a. selecting a server renting or purchasing a server, has a great impact on the cost of business operations, especially on the initial investment. it is very important to control costs in an unknown future. this project rental a server based on saas model. this model has the advantage of decreasing pre-investment and operating costs, without purchasing their own servers and related anti-virus software, even without paying wages to staff, only with telecommunication services from telecom enterprises at low cost. in addition, the server capacity can adjust constantly with expanding of business. thus the operating cost will be reduced to lowest possible lever. so setting relay point at this phase mainly consider about next process - s server capacity demand of customer.b. setting laboratory web interfaceusing nationally unified domain name system, allowing a convenient logon directly to their respective universities page by account、machine code、ip address，will lead an effective implement of brand strategy.relay technology focus on the preparation for next process. to ensure each interface is attractive or meet the needs of the users, the project team thinks that designing specific pages of university and management authorities of teachers is the core to ensure a nice ui effect of the lab web site.1) settings management interfaceteachers can login the specific page for them automatically and manage the page by using their account number and password. the web allows the manager of the page to change interface logo so that students who join in the experiment can be recognized and login. after making pictures, they can be replaced by the uniform symbols in the background to form the symbolic lab interface of their university to convenient for students to operate and use.2) setting the login interface the login interface must be so concision attractive and valuable that it make a good first impression, so the project team designs the modules according to students demands by investigation from nearly 1,000 students. they design four core modules includes coursewares(total explanation),instructions(step by step),exchanging experiences(both successes and failures)and latest events(from all parts of the country), and also includes auxiliary toolbars of using the software, applying for authority, and so on.c.management of authority students can conducts any experiments, learn the coursewares, discuss and exchange on their registered interface. this basic teaching module is free to all universities to meet basic necessary. students want to practice the latest software to participate in the national contest, or want to exchange randomly inter-department and even all over the country. web site can provide paid practices in other interfaces by membership fee to make labs operators get profits. relay point of this phase is providing a chance to make a choice for a trainee or leading students with keen interest to have further training in their spare time.d.controlling the course of experimentation network labs can get many detailed records of the course of experimentation because of computers. project team considers that the detail records in computer of every student logged on are the basis of later statistical analysis and development of the software，so records must contain detail information about beginning and lasting time of each operation, right or not and so on. they also can select keystone and difficulties of coursewares and instructions to reduce errors of students.e. managing experimental recordsteachers of universities have to evaluate students and file the results. the project team designed a network laboratory that can provide analytical procedures and evaluate students, also can print the experimental records according with the demands of undergraduate teaching level evaluation. it can evaluate and save automatically to reduce teachers work. and also the software provides choices for teachers to finish their work manually to meet different demands.the significance of using relay technology in university laboratorya. socialized operating mechanism will bring university laboratory abundant resources.a network laboratory can be shared by a university or more universities even all universities. this is the base of a socialized large-scaled operation. saas pattern changes software developers from a seller to an operator. numerous software services find that to be a good service can receive more benefits than to be a seller. once the software developers become software services, costs of university laboratory construction will be almost ignored.b. humanity relay technology designs contribute to upgrade the level of experimental teaching.a series of humanity designs in this case will meet demands of all sides, such as lower operation cost by renting telecommunication server, lower investment of university by handing out account number of interface, logining by account number, lower teaching cost by network course, better learning and uniform evaluation standard by matching teaching material，etc.c. the network provides more training time and enrich the students after-school lifesince 2005, uf software initiated the first university sand table challenge,university sand table experimental courses have become all the after-school lives of fans. especially in 2011 kunshan cup national sand table challenge held by kingdee software 、the ministry of education and kunshan city government, the million prize for the champion brought out students interesting. this social and entrepreneurial operation model enrich the students after-school life.conclusion: a mans knowledge is limited, by relay technology, we can control the crucial factors in the building of lab, and we can design a set of efficient management methods to design and management the web site. we can control goals efficiently during the construction by relay technology point.we encouraged students to restrain oneself according to a noble morals in actual operation, and students look upon this as a discipline and try to reduce uncertainty risks and used all available knowledge to operate. we can ensure the network laboratory of university achieve the desired results by relay technology.references1 chen qingshou. the basic principles and practice of relay technology, j. science and technology progress and policy, 1993 01 2 pan kailing. theoretical analysis of relay technology j. journal of wuhan university of science and technology 2000.04 3 pan kailing. the overall thinking characteristics of relay technology j.science and technology progress and policy .2000 12 4 pan kailing. theoretical analysis of constraints in relay technology j. technoeconomics & management research .2002 02 5 zhang li. appling research of relay technology in project management d. journal of wuhan university of science and technology .2004 6 zhang li, liu xianming. introduction relay technology in home decoration project management j. pioneering with science & technology monthly.2006 06 7 zhang li, liu jinyu, liu xianming. creative integration of services provided by city community and property management c. the chinesererearch institete of constrction management 2009 09 8 liu xianming, tian xin. discussion about teaching erp sand table in university j. journal of huangshi institute of technology.2010 8 years 高校网络实验室建设中的接力技术应用 本课题基于湖北省教育厅科学研究课题（编号：q200530001） 黄石理工学院 刘显铭 刘显铭 男 1971年06生 吉林磐石人 硕士 黄石理工学院经济与管理学院讲师摘要：接力技术是从施工项目管理中提炼、总结而产生的一种管理思想和方法。它以具体工序为“基本元素”，重点研究从上道工序中“接过来”，强化本工序的“作业”和服务于下道工序而“交出”优质产品或服务的最佳协调动作；注重沿着工序路线的有关环节，实行个人控制、组织自约和外部环境相协调的社会化支持系统的运作一致，尽量消除人为的环节脱节损失和减少不可抗拒的偶发性阻滞。本文针对某高校网络实验室网站建设项目，通过引入了接力技术理论及其方法设置实验室建设的多个接力点，让实验室网站的每一个界面与功能发挥出其应有作用，节约资源、提升教学效果。关键词：高校；实验室；建设；接力技术；应用高校实验室电子化趋势明显，如何能够更有效发挥网络实验室的作用，设计和优化实验室建设的每一个环节，让参训者愿意登陆并有所收获，最大化引导学生充分利用业余时间学习，是网络实验室建设的核心。本文通过高校电子沙盘实验室建设过程中的接力技术引入，分析接力技术在网络建设项目中的应用优势。一、接力技术的相关理论1.1 接力技术的概念“接力技术”是指在工作中完成某一道工序时以接力赛跑的运行要求来实现既定目标的一种技术。它以整体工序为“基本元素”，重点研究从上道工序中“接过接力”，强化本工序的“作业”和服务于下道工序而“交出”优质产品或服务的最佳协调运作；注重沿着工序路线及有关环节，实行个人控制、组织自约和外部环境相协调的社会化支持系统的运作一致，尽量消除人为的环境脱节损失和减少不可抗拒的偶发性阻滞。1.2 接力技术的特点接力技术强调“接工序”的提前准备和行动。在“接”“作”“交”这三个环节上的工作原则是：接好任务，完成好本道工作，交好任务。它与全面质量管理、适时生产和项目管理略有差异：全面质量管理（tqm）和适时生产（jit）部分运用了生产效率的理论，有效地进行生产组织时间及到工序（环节）交接点的衔接问题，且其管理思想的方式均有独到的见解，而“下道工序就是用户、用户就是上帝”是这些生产理论的主要观点之一。但接力技术认为，随着社会技术的发展、用户需求的提高,特别是在工序衔接的协调性要求越来越严格的情况下，这种仅强调“上道工序为下道工序服务”的纯生产性和紧密管理指导思想的缺陷开始暴露，生产经营的多因素性和不确定性产生偶尔失控是不可避免的，绝对地保证“每道工序都能让下一道工序满意”在客观上存在一定难度，因为，在实际运行过程中不可能完全排除不可控因素的干扰，如气候条件变化、资金供给、市场上的产品、设备供应的干扰等。项目管理常常要求“在最短的时间内以最少成本完成工程项目”。这个要求实际上是对成本与效率这两个相互矛盾的目标的陈述。在实际管理中又常常表达为：高效率完成生产项目，以满足客户对产品时间上的要求；控制总体成本，保证在预算内完成工程项目。成功的项目管理就是要在这对相互矛盾的目标之间寻求一种妥协和平衡，这种平衡就是所谓的“优化”。接力技术是以生产效率理论为基础的管理技术。它的一个重要观念是强调“接工序”的提前准备和行动。当按预定的工序接到上道工序传下来的一项任务时，要求事先作好安排，在适当的时候提前进入工作准备，争取以最快的速度、最佳的方法把任务接过来，每个环节都确保各道工序具有最佳的质量、数量和准时。1.3 接力技术的发展“接力技术”一词，由武钢陈庆寿总工在1993年在科技进步与对策第一期正式发表提出，后经武汉科技大学潘凯灵教授深入研究，带领其弟子不断探索分析，经过近20年的发展，其理论体系日渐完善，应用领域也从最初的建筑施工管理不断衍生、细化，行业领域日益广泛。二、高校实验室建设过程引入接力技术的必要性2.1 高校实验室建设需要一种全新的运营模式高校实验室课程，目前几乎局限于具体院校甚至具体专业中，很难形成知识共享体系；同时，实验室多以具体的实体项目存在，受时间和空间的限制，很难对学生的参训人数实现量的突破。因此，现有的实验室只有不断建设才能满足不断日益增长的教学实训要求。在现有实验室设备尤其是电脑等电子产品不断更新导致投资不断的同时，高校学生个人的电脑配置率却逐渐上升；高校实验课程在课表中排满的同时，学生课余时间电脑却无法像实验室设备异样可以进行试验操作。为此，合理利用学生个人电脑资源、有效引导学生课余学习方向，值得探索出一种高校实验室建设的全新运行模式。2.2