（江苏专用）2020届高考英语3500词汇读练测词汇晨读02（含解析）.docx

词汇晨读02说明：本系列资料的例句尽可能多地选自高考真题或各地模拟试题；凡是形容词+ly构成的副词在本系列资料【拓展】栏目里不予列出。 (affectappreciate)affect v.影响：With the governments aid, those affected by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.在政府的帮助下，那些受地震影响的人搬到了新的定居点。(在情感方面)打动，感动：The story affected us deeply.故事深深地打动了我们。【拓展】effect n.影响：Your reading environment can have a great effect on your understanding.你的阅读环境会对你的理解产生很大的影响。affection n.友爱，亲爱，疼爱，爱情： And now I could say it is my affection for nature that makes me a real gardener.现在我可以说是我对自然的热爱使我成为了一个真正的园丁。He felt great affection for his sister.他很疼爱他妹妹。【拓展】affectionate adj.亲热的，深情的，挚爱的，慈爱的，有感情的：Beauty lies in the lovers eyes. Where most people saw nothing but a cruel criminal, she saw an affectionate man.情人眼里出西施。多数人看到的只是一个残忍的罪犯，而她看到了一个充满爱的男人。afford v. 买得起，花得起，担当得起：This sweater fits me, but I cant afford to buy it.这件毛衣我穿很合身，但是我买不起(它)。Lets go to the park tomorrow morning.Sorry, Ive got an important appointment at 9 oclock and I cant afford to miss it.“让我们明天去公园吧。”“对不起，我九点钟有个约会。错过了约会，我可担当不起的。”给予，提供：It will afford me great pleasure to have dinner with you.跟你一道吃饭太让我高兴了。【拓展】affordable adj.支付得起的，负担得起的，不太昂贵的：Eating out once or twice a week may be affordable.一周一两次外出吃饭是负担得起的。The variety of food at the restaurant is limited, but every meal can serve at least two people and is under 10, so not only is it affordable but practical as well.这家餐馆虽然食物的种类有限，但是每份食物都能供至少二人食用且价格不超过十元，真可谓价廉物美。afraid adj.害怕的，担心的，恐怕：I worked hard because I was afraid of losing the job.我工作很努力，因为丢了这份工作。He was afraid to go into the house and meet his father.他不敢进屋去见他父亲。Im afraid Mr. Wood cant see you until 4 oclock.恐怕伍德先生要到4点钟才能会见你。Im afraid that he wont help us.我担心他不会帮我们。“Is he not coming?” “I am afraid not.(Im afraid so.)”“他不来吗?”“看来不会(怕是不会来)。”Africa n. 非洲：Has your father returned from Africa yet?你父亲从非洲回来了吗？African adj.非洲的，非洲人的：The researchers conclusion was based on a study of the African elephants DNA. 研究人员的结论是基于对非洲象DNA的研究。n.非洲人：IdatedanAfricanonce.我和一个非洲人约会过。after adv.以后，后来：They lived happily ever after.他们后来一直生活得很幸福。They met in June and became lovers soon after.他们在六月相遇，不久就成了情侣。prep.在之后：Quiet student as he may be, he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class. 尽管他可能是个安静的学生，但下课后他经常谈论他最喜欢的歌手。追赶，追求，寻找：The cat ran after the mouse.猫追老鼠。依照，用的名字：Please make some sentences after this model.请仿照例子造句。She was named Elizabeth after her grandmother. 她依从祖母的名字取名为伊丽莎白。接连不断：She saw play after play.她接连不断地看戏。This cycle goes day after day.这种循环日复一日。conj.在以后：In my opinion, you should come back after you finish your studies abroad. 在我看来，你应该在出国学习结束后再回来。【拓展】after all毕竟，终究(参看词条above all)：Bob thought he couldnt go to the party because he had to write a report, but he went after all.鲍勃认为他不能去参加聚会，因为他不得不写一份报告，但他终究还是去了。Why are you so anxious? It isnt your problem after all.你为什么这么焦虑？这毕竟不是你的问题。afternoon n.下午，午后：The exam results will be put up on Friday afternoon.本次考试结果将于星期五下午公布。afterward(s) adv.后来：Soon afterward, I received a Christmas present from them.不久之后，我收到了他们的圣诞礼物。You may use the room as you like so long as you clean it up afterwards.你可以随意使用这个房间，只要你事后打扫干净。again adv.再一次，又，再：I am longing to see my friend Jack again.我渴望再见到我的朋友杰克。After ten years in prison, he was a free man again.他坐了十年监狱，又成了自由人。The owner showed her appreciation of our help again and again.主人一再感谢我们的帮助。against prep.反对，违背，违反：My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was in favour of it.我妹妹反对我的建议，而我哥哥却赞成。His parents were angry when they learned he had borrowed the car against their wishes.当他的父母得知他违背父母的意思去借车后很是生气。Thats against the law.那是违法的。逆：He swam against the tide.他逆流而游。倚着，靠着：He stood with his back against the door.他背靠门站着。Put the tip of your tongue against your upper teeth when you produce the sound.当你发出声音时，把舌尖抵住上齿。衬着，与对比：It is important to know what colors look good against your skin before you buy clothes.在购买衣服前，重要的是了解什么样的颜色衬你的肤色看上去才好看。The workers are going on strike for the salaries here are low against the rates elsewhere.工人们打算罢工因为这里的薪水与别处的相比是很低的。防备，抵御：The little girl stood close to the wall, hugging herself against the cold.小女孩站在靠近墙壁的地方，搂抱着自己以抵御寒冷。age n. 年龄：However, of all the factors, wealth and age are the top two.然而，在所有因素中，财富和年龄是前两位。长时间：You havent been in touch with him for ages.你已经很久没有和他联系了。时代，时期：Each civilization has its golden age.每个文明都有它的鼎盛时期。【拓展】age v.的年龄/岁Salvatori, aged 23, will soon complete his studies at the University of Toronto.23岁的萨尔瓦多不久将在多伦多大学完成 上打印他们的登机牌来节省时间。Beijing to Guangzhou is a daily airline of CAAC.北京到广州是中国民航每天的定期航线。airmail n.航空邮件/邮政：Please send this letter by airmail.请用航空邮件寄送此信。airplane n. (美)飞机：An airplane engine is a complex mechanism.飞机引擎是种复杂的机械装置。airport n.航空站，飞机场：You must arrive at the airport two hours early.你必须提前两小时到达机场。airspace n.空域，领空：The government claimed that the plane had illegally entered its airspace.政府宣称这架飞机非法进入其领空范围。alarm n.警报，闹钟：Today, I am going to talk with what you should do when a fire alarm go off.今天，我要和你谈谈火警发生时你该怎么做。The alarm went off at five.闹钟在五点闹响。v.使惊慌，惊动：With the number of cholera cases being confirmed at an increasing rate across the country, its natural to feel alarmed and even scared.随着患霍乱病例的比率不断增大在这个国家得到证实，人们感到惊慌甚至恐惧是很自然的。album n.专辑，照相簿/相册，集邮本，签名纪念册：In 1951,he recorded his first album.1951年，他录制了他的第一张专辑。One is that we may give him an album with photos of all the students in our class.一个是我们可以给他一本相册，上面有我们班所有学生的照片。I saw her put stamps in an album.我看见她在把邮票放进集邮本去了。alcohol n.酒精，乙醇，含酒精的饮料，酒：This sort of wine contains 20 percent of alcohol.这种酒含酒精20%。One time at a party, I drank too much alcohol and got so sick.有一次在聚会上，我喝了太多酒，就这样生病了。algebra n.代数(学)：Weve learned advanced algebra in middle school.我在中学就学过高等代数。alike adv.同样地，相同地：They dress and walk alike.他们的穿着和走路姿态十分相似。Greatmindsthinkalike.英雄所见略同。【拓展】adj.相似的，相同的：The two girls are so alike that strangers find it difficult to tell one from the other.这两个小女孩如此相像，以至于很难辨别出彼此。alive adj.活着的：The mayor has offered a reward of $5000 to anyone who can capture the tiger alive or dead.市长向任何能活捉或杀死老虎的人悬赏5000美元。活泼的，活动的，有活力的：Biking made me feel alive.骑自行车使我充满了活力。充满的：The woods are alive with birds.林中到处是鸟。【拓展】参看词条live, lively。all adv.完全，都，非常：No one helped me. I did it all by myself.没有人帮助我。这一切全是我自己做的。adj.所有的，全部的，整个的：Tom, you mustnt leave all your clothes on the floor like this.汤姆，你不能把你所有的衣服都这样放在地上。pron.一切，全部：We are grateful to you for all you have done.我们对你所做的一切表示感谢。All enjoyed themselves.每个人都玩得很尽兴。All of the toys are broken.所有的玩具都坏了。I am very pleased to say that all of us have greatly improved our spoken English so far.我很高兴地说，到目前为止，我们所有人的英语口语水平都有了很大的提高。【拓展】参看词条above all和after all。in all总计，全部：There were twenty students in all.总共有20个 了。leave alone不理，不管/惹，不烦扰，别管我，不要打扰我，别烦我：Youd better leave me alone because Im busy writing a letter to my parents.你最好让我一个人待着，因为我正忙于给我父母写信。 Iwontchange,soleavemealone.我不会改变的，你就别管我了。Iloveyoumummy,and dontleavemealone.我爱你，妈妈，不要丢下我一个人不管我。along adv.一道，向前：Professor Smith, along with his assistants, is working on the project day and night to meet the deadline.史密斯教授和他的助手们一道夜以继地日为这个项目工作，以赶上最后期限。Come along!来吧！Lets walk along.我们往前走吧。prep.沿着，顺着：I was going along the street looking for a place to park when the accident occurred.我正沿着街道寻找停车的地方，这时事故发生了。alongside adv.横靠着，傍着地，并排地：We brought our boat alongside.我们把船靠边。prep.横靠，与并肩/一起，在旁边：He parked his car alongside the fence.他把车停靠在围墙边。In my view, new architectural styles can exist perfectly well alongside an older style.在我看来，新的建筑风格可以与旧的风格完美共存。aloud adv.出声地，大声地：Every day read a proverb aloud several times until you have it memorized.每天朗读一句谚语好几遍，直到你记住它。【拓展】参看词条loud(ly)。alphabet n.字母表：Anotherwaytohideamessageistousesymbolstostandforspecificlettersofthealphabet.另一种隐藏信息的方法是使用符号代表字母表中的特定字母。already adv.已经：He is said to have left the stage already as he has become an official.据说他已经离开了舞台，因为他当官了。also adv.也，还，而且：There are also a large number of sports clubs at Waikato.怀卡托也有大量的体育俱乐部。This book is not only interesting but also good.这本书不仅有趣,而且内容也非常好。alternative adj.可替代的，其他的：As there is less and less coal and oil, scientists are exploring new ways of making use of alternativeenergy.由于煤炭和石油越来越少，科学家们正在探索利用替代能源的新方法。n.替换物，可能的选择，可能性之一：In pursuing a dream, we might focus on only one way of making it come true., forgetting that there may be alternatives.在追求梦想的过程中，我们可能只专注于一种实现梦想的方法，而忘记了可能有其他选择。【拓展】have no alternative but to do sth.除了做某事外没有其他的办法：Finding himself under from all quarters, he had no alternative but to abandon his scheme for the time being.发现自己四面楚歌，他别无选择不得不放弃目前的计划。although conj.尽管，虽然：Although he has limited technical knowledge, the old worker has a lot of experience. 这位老工人虽然技术知识有限，但经验丰富。There is air around us, although we cant see.我们的周围全是空气，尽管我们看不见。【拓展】although不可以与but连用，但是可以跟yet连用：Although she was busy with her work, yet she managed to find time to stay with her family.虽然她忙于工作，但她还是挤出时间与家人在一起。altitude n.海拔，高度，(常用复)海拔很高的地方：What is the altitude of this village?这个村子海拔多少？In these altitudes, snow never melts.在这么高的地方，积雪终年不化。【拓展】参看词条attitude。altogether adv.总共，完全，总而言之，总的说来：Altogether there were 12 people in the bus.公共汽车上总共有12个人。I forgot what he had said to me altogether.我完全忘记了他对我说的话。The visitors felt not altogether satisfied.客人们并不完全满意。Hesbad-tempered,selfishandaltogetheranunpleasantman.他脾气暴躁，自私自利。总而言之，是一个令人不快的人。always adv.总是，一直，永远：The sun always rises in the east.太阳总是从东方升起。They will always be friends.他们将永远是朋友。(用于进行时态)老是，总是：Their children are always fighting.他们的孩子老打架。For three years, no matter what the weather was like, she was always waiting at the bus stop around8:00 am.三年来，不管天气如何，她总是在早上8点左右在公共汽车站等着。a. m./am, A.M./AM n.上午：The program starts at 9 a.m.节目上午9点开始。amateur n.业余爱好者，非职业(运动员等)：Dont let yourself be beaten by an amateur.不要让自己给一个业余运动员打败了。Only amateurs can complete in the Olympic Games.只有非职业运动员才能参加奥运会比赛。adj.业余爱好的，非职业的：He was an amateur singer until the age of 40, when he turned professional.他曾经是个业余歌手，直到40岁他成了专业的。amaze v.使大为吃惊，使惊奇：Your knowledge amazes me.你丰富的知识令我吃惊。It amazed us to hear that you were leaving.听到你要走，我们都大为吃惊。amazing adj.令人惊奇的：She has showed amazing courage.她表现出惊人的勇气。【拓展】amazed adj.吃惊的，惊愕的(形容心理感受)：Theamazed expression on her face suggested she wasamazed when she heard the news.她脸上惊讶的表情表明她听到消息时很惊讶。I was amazed at the letter, which was amazing to my classmates.看到这封信我感到很惊讶，对我的同学来说它真是令人惊讶啊！ambassador(ambassadress) n.(女)大使：An ambassador(ambassadress)who did his/her best to prevent the war is of benefit to the place.一位尽其所能阻止战争的(女)大使对当地是有益的。ambiguous adj.模棱两可的，暧昧的，含糊的，不明确的：The Foreign Secretarys remarks clarify an ambiguous statement issued earlier this week.外交大臣的话对本周较早时候发表的一份模棱两可的声明作出了澄清。【拓展】ambiguity n.含糊，意义不明确，含糊的话，模棱两可的话：Thereisconsiderableambiguityaboutwhatthispartoftheagreementactuallymeans.协议这一部分的真正含义很不明确。Thewordingislikelytoleadtoambiguity.这种措词可能会引出歧义。ambition n.雄心，野心，理想，抱负：A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step，reflecting ones ambition and great expectation.千里之行始于足下，体现了一个人的雄心壮志和远大期望。 You will achieve your ambition if you work hard.如果你努力，你的抱负是可以实现的。His wild ambition was thoroughly exposed.他的狼子野心暴露无遗。【拓展】ambitious adj.有雄心的，有抱负的，踌躇满志的，胸怀大志的，野心勃勃的：My sister is quite ambitious and plans to get a Ph. D degree within one year.我姐姐很有抱负，打算一年内拿到博士 上发布的夏令营公告，我对此很感兴趣。annoy v.使生气，使烦恼： Brown said he was by no means annoyed.布朗说他一点也不生气。It annoys me when people forget to say “thank you”.遇到有人忘记道谢的时候，我就不痛快。打扰，骚扰：Close the door if the noise is annoying you.要是觉得太吵，就把门关上。【拓展】对某事生气或烦恼，其后通常接介词at, about, by；对某人生气，其后通常接介词 with(不用to)：He got annoyed with me about my carelessness. 我太粗心大意，他很生气。annoyed与annoying：前者表示心理感受，后者表示事情所具有的性质或特征：The lady repeated her question several times, but I still couldnt catchon, which made her annoyed.那位女士把她的问题重复了好几遍，但是我还是没听懂，这使她很懊恼。The result of the football match is really annoying.那场足球比赛的结果真让人生气。annoyance n.烦恼，恼怒，使人烦恼的事，不满，打扰：Dont openly express annoyance at a professor or class.不要公开表达对教授或班级的不满。The problems were anannoyance, but we managed to cope with them.这些问题很让人烦恼，但是我们都设法解决了。Adogthatbarksconstantlycanbe asourceofannoyanceto the neighbours.吠个不停的狗会惹邻居烦恼.annual adj.一年一次的，每年的：I decide to make a trip next October on my annual leave.我决定明年10月休年假去旅行。n.年刊，年鉴：His essay is copied from a college annual.他的论文是从一本大学年刊上抄下来的。another adj.再一个，另一个，别的，不同的：Dont lose heart. Have another try.别灰心，再试一次。We had a picnic last term and it was a lot of fun, so lets have another one this month.上学期我们搞了一次野餐，很有趣，所以这个月我们再搞一次。I think hes just going to deal with this problem another day.我想他改天就要解决这个问题的。pron.另一个人(物)：Then another rose to speak.接着另外一个人又起来发言。【拓展】another泛指多个中的“另外一个”，若特指两个当中的另一个，则用the other：Please close the other eye.请把另一只眼睛也闭上。后接名词时，通常应是单数，若修饰复数名词，则复数名词前应有数词或few等修饰：another three questions另外三个问题；another few days另外几天。有人认为 one another只用于三者或三者以上，each other只用于两者，但在现代英语中，两者常可换用。 one after another一个接一个地，相继地：In imagination I have bought all the farms, one after another.想象中，我买了所有的农场，一个接一个。Theguestscameoneafteranother.客人们陆续来了。one another互相，彼此：Students at cyber-schools usually do not know one another.网络学校的学生通常彼此不认识。answer n.回答，回信：Have you had an answer to your letter?你那封信有回音了没有？(以行动)回应：I rang the bell but there was no answer.我按了门铃，但没有人来开门。答案，解决办法：Its true that a person doesnt know the answer to your question sometimes.的确，有时候一个人不知道你的问题的答案。v.回答，回信：I asked her the time but she didnt answer.我问她时间，可是她没回答。以行动回应：She answered with a smile.她报以一笑。I telephoned this morning, but nobody answered.今天上午我打过电话，但是没有人接。满足于：This tool will answer our needs.这工具能满足我们的需要。【拓展】answer for对负责，保证，代表，得到报应：The new worker is often late for work. Tell him he shall answer for it if he goes on behaving like that. “那个新来的工人上班经常迟到。“告诉他如果他继续那样做的话，他要为此负责。”Youhavecreatedamonster,andsomedayyouwillanswerforit.你造成了一个怪物，终有一天你会得到报应的。in answer to作为对的回答(回应)：In answer to his question, she shook her head.对于他的问题，她以摇头作答。ant n.蚂蚁：An ant will sacrifice himself for his friends.每只蚂蚁都愿意为了朋友牺牲自己.Antarctic adj.南极的：The Antarctic Circle is the boundary of this region of lightness.南极圈就是这一明亮地带的边界。anticipate v.预料，预期，预见，预计(并做准备)，期盼，期望：Hearing the doorbell, I ran to answer it but found my brother had anticipated me and let the guests in.听到门铃声，我应声去开门，但发现我弟兄已经先于我开了门让客人进来了。To have faith is to believe that the path we are traveling along is longer than what we can anticipate.信念就意味着要相信我们所走的路要要长于我们的预期。【拓展】anticipation n.期待，希望，预期，预测，预感He bought extra food in anticipation of more people coming than hed invited.他预料来的客人会比邀请的多，就多买了食物。Investors were storing up a lot of cashinanticipationofdisaster投资者预料会出现灾难，正在储备大量现金。antique n.古董，古玩：I am going to offer some advice on collecting antique clocks.我想给你提一些收集古董钟的建议。anxiety n.挂虑，忧虑，渴望，焦虑，不安：The endless choice gives birth to anxiety in peoples lives. 无休止的选择会引起人们生活中的焦虑。I felt anxiety about for his safety.我很担心他的安全。anxious adj.忧虑的，焦急的，焦虑的，渴望的：We had an anxious couple of weeks waiting for the results of the experiment.我们焦急地等了几周等实验结果。He is anxious to study at that university.他渴望到那所大学上学。【拓展】anxious与eager：两者均可表示“渴望的”，意思比较相近，有时可互换；但表示“担心的”、“焦虑的”时，只能用 anxious：Were anxious about/for her health.我们担心她的健康。any pron.(用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中)一些，任何：Is there any left?还有剩的吗？There wont be any trouble.不会有任何麻烦。任何一个：Take any you like. 你喜欢哪个就拿哪个。adj.(用于否定句、疑问句或条件句)一些，任何：Are there any letters for me?有我的信吗？ He worked hard but without any success.他做了努力，但没有成功。任何(一个)：Any child would know that.任何一个孩子都知道这事。【拓展】表示“任何”，指三者或三者以上当中的任何一个，不能指两者中的任意一个，指两者中的任意一个，要用either，因此可说either of my parents，但不说 any of my parents。按英语习惯，any 用于否定句时，应出现在否定词之后而不是之前，如可说：I havent any friends，但不能说：Any friend didnt help me。adv.完全，任何程度：The children didnt behave any too well.孩子们的表现并未见好。anybody pron.任何人，无论谁，随便哪一个人：He attempted to escape from the prison, but he couldnt find anybody to help him.他企图越狱，但是他没有能够找到任何可以帮助他的人。Anybodywilltellyouwherethebusstopis.无论谁都会告诉你公共汽车站在哪里。She wasnt anybody before she got that job.她在获得那个职位之前不过是个无名之辈。anyhow adv.无论如何，不管怎样：An expert says, “I think it is unpredictable for nature. You dont know what will happen but anyhow, we are preparing.”一位专家说：“我认为大自然是不可预测的，你不知道将会有什么事情发生。但不管怎样，我们都在时刻准备着”。 The door wont open anyhow.这门无论用何种方法也打不开。随便地，胡乱地：He left his books and papers anyhow.他的书籍和报纸放得很乱。 anyone pron.任何人，谁，无论谁(=anybody)anything pron. (用于疑问句、否定句或条件句中)什么事(物)，：The coffee is wonderful! It doesnt taste like anything I have ever had before.咖啡棒极了！它尝起来不像我以前吃过的任何东西。Did he say anything?他说什么了吗？ 任何事(物)：We could talk about anything.我们谈什么都可以。【拓展】anything but根本不，一点不，绝对不：He is anything but polite.他一点都不懂礼貌。What do you think of the lecture given yesterday afternoon?It was anything but interesting. How I wish the lecturer had spent more time preparing!“昨天下午的讲座怎样？”“一点没趣。讲课者要是准备得充分点该多好啊！”He is anything but a poet.他绝不是诗人。anything like有些像，类似：He isnt anything like his father.他一点也不像他父亲。Never having seen anything like this style of architecture before, we thought we were looking at giant sculptures, not buildings.因为之前没有看见过类似风格的建筑，我们还以为我们看到的是巨大的塑像，而不是建筑物。anyway adv.无论如何，不管怎样(=anyhow)：Im certain Davids told you his business troubles. Anyway, its no secret that he owes a lot of money to the bank.我敢肯定大卫告诉过你他生意上的麻烦。不管怎样，他欠银行很多钱也不是什么秘密。Anyway, he must have eaten a lot because now he is fat.无论如何，他一定吃得很多，因为现在他胖了。anywhere adv.(用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中)在(或往)什么地方，某个地方：Mobile phone conversations are not permitted anywhere in the library. 图书馆内任何地方都不允许使用手机通话。Did you go anywhere yesterday?你昨天去没去过什