（通用版）2020版高考英语大一轮复习1Unit1Friendship知能演练轻松闯关（含解析）新人教版.docx

Unit 1 Friendship 阅读理解A(2019合肥高三调研性检测)Golden Gate BridgeLocated in San Francisco, the Golden Gate Bridge started in the year 1933 to connect the San Francisco Peninsula with Marin County. It was finally thrown open to public in 1937. It cost more than $ 35 million in the construction. Till the year 1957, the Golden Gate Bridge, at a length of 2，737 meters, was the longest suspension bridge in the world.Brooklyn BridgeThe Brooklyn Bridge is located in Brooklyn. It is one of the oldest bridges in the United States, opened in the year 1883. The length of the bridge is 1，825 meters. The bridge has been featured in several Hollywood movies.George Washington BridgeAlso known as the Hudson River Bridge, the George Washington Bridge which connects Fort Lee to Manhattan came into use in 1931 after a construction period of almost 4 years. It is a twolevel suspension bridge.Mackinac BridgeThis is the third biggest suspension bridge in the world at a length of 8，038 meters. The architect of this bridge was Dr. David B. Steinman who directed the construction of the bridge which started in the year 1954.It was opened to the public in 1957. People using this bridge are charged a certain amount of money.Navajo BridgeLocated in Arizona, this bridge crosses the Colorado River and is almost 250 meters long. The construction of this bridge started in the year 1927, ending two years later, costing $390，000. In the 1990s a second bridge was built which was opened to the public in 1995. The first bridge is still used by pedestrians now.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了美国五座著名的大桥。1What do we know about the Golden Gate Bridge?AIt consists of two bridges.BIt costs the least of the five bridges.CIt is the longest suspension bridge in the world.DIt takes about 4 years to complete the construction.D解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的 “the Golden Gate Bridge started in the year 1933 to connect the San Francisco Peninsula with Marin County. It was finally thrown open to public in 1937”可推知，金门大桥的建造时间约有四年，故D项正确。2Which of the following bridges was built the earliest?AGolden Gate Bridge.BBrooklyn Bridge.CGeorge Washington Bridge.DNavajo Bridge.B解析：细节理解题。由题干关键词“was built the earliest”定位到每座大桥的建造时间；根据文中各座大桥的建造时间可知，布鲁克林大桥是最古老的大桥，故B项正确。3What will you do if you drive across Mackinac Bridge?AHave to pay some money.BUse the second bridge.CCover nearly 250 meters.DSee the statue of Dr. David B. Steinman.A解析：细节理解题。根据第四段尾句“People using this bridge are charged a certain amount of money.”可知，使用麦基诺大桥的人会被收取一定量的钱，故A项正确。B(2019惠州高三第一次调研考试)Following the crowd may not always be in a persons best interest.But new research suggests that teens who get along with their friends may end up healthier as adults.Scientists have known that close friendships help boost health.Thats true for both teens and adults. The finding inspired Joseph Allen, a psychologist at the University of Virginia, and his team to study whether experiences during teen years would influence adult health.So they followed 171 teens, starting when the kids were just 13. They interviewed each one every year for five years，and also spoke to these teens closest friends，who provided additional information about the quality of their friendships.The same 171 people were interviewed again at ages 25, 26 and 27. This time, the questions surveyed each persons overall health. When the researchers analyzed the data, they found a strong connection between a teens behavior and adult health. Teens who had close friends grew up to be the healthier adults. Whether teens held back their feelings or expressed them to close friends also influenced later health. Those who held back their feelings were more likely to be sick as adults. The connection held up even after the scientists accounted for other possible influences on health.Weight，family income and drug use were all examined. So were mental health issues，such as anxiety and depression. And in these people，such other factors did not explain adult health as well as teen friendships did.Getting along with the crowd may have benefits, says Allen, but there are also drawbacks. Teens who are more independent tend to do better at school and work. And peer pressure may lead some kids to engage in risky behavior, such as smoking, drinking or using drugs. Dealing with it is an ongoing challenge，Allen acknowledges. “Finding the right balance is the key. Teens shouldnt lose heart for not finding this easy.”And, he adds，“Parents need to be understanding about the pressures teens face.”【解题导语】研究表明，与朋友较少或者没有朋友的青少年相比，有朋友的青少年在长大后更健康。当然，与朋友相处也有坏处。4Where can you probably read this passage?AScience fiction.BHealth column.CFashion magazine.DEntertainment newspaper.B解析：文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍青少年时的友谊对青少年成年后健康的影响。据此可知，本文属于健康知识类文章，故可判断，本文可能选自“健康专栏”。故B项正确。5We can learn from Allens study that_Amany other factors have a greater influence on adult health than teen friendshipsBmental health issues have nothing to do with adult health Cthe same 171 teens were interviewed each year from 13 to 27Dthe teens who couldnt express themselves grew up to be unhealthierD解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Whether teens held back.sick as adults.”可知，青少年是否向他们的好朋友表达情感也会影响到其成年后的健康，那些压抑情感的青少年成年后很可能不健康。故D项正确。6According to what Allen said, we can know that_Ain order to do better at school, teens should not follow the crowdBthough its challenging for teens to deal with peer pressure, they should not give up Cteens will engage in smoking, drinking or using drugs when facing peer pressureDparents should understand their teens and stop them going with friendsB解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知，与朋友相处使得青少年在成年后更加健康的同时也会带来不利影响，即周围同龄人带来的压力，这些压力会导致许多问题。分析Allen的话“Finding the right balance is the key.Teens shouldnt lose heart for not finding this easy.”可以判断，青少年要应对这些压力，找到正确的平衡点是关键，不能因为很难找到平衡点就灰心丧气。故选B。7What can be inferred from the passage?AThere is nothing bad for teens to follow the crowd.BClose friendships are the most important for peoples health.CTeen friendships may help teens become healthier adults.DAdult health is only influenced by teen friendships.C解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段第二句“But new research suggests that teens who get along with their friends may end up healthier as adults.”可知，与朋友相处的青少年在成年后会更加健康。C项意为“青少年时期的友谊会帮助青少年成为更加健康的成年人”，符合文章意思。故C项正确。 完形填空(2018全国卷)During my second year at the city college, I was told that the education department was offering a “free” course, called Thinking Chess, for three credits. I _1_ the idea of taking the class because, after all, who doesnt want to _2_ a few dollars? More than that, Id always wanted to learn chess. And, even if I werent _3_ enough about free credits, news about our _4_ was appealing enough to me. He was an international grandmaster, which _5_ I would be learning from one of the games _6_. I could hardly wait to _7_ him.Maurice Ashley was kind and smart, a former graduate returning to teach, and this _8_ was no game for him; he meant business. In his introduction, he made it _9_ that our credits would be hardearned. In order to _10_ the class, among other criteria, we had to write a paper on how we plan to _11_ what we would learn in class to our future professions and, _12_， to our lives. I managed to get an A in that _13_ and learned life lessons that have served me well beyond the _14_Ten years after my chess class with Ashley, Im still putting to use what he _15_ me: “The absolute most important _16_ that you learn when you play chess is how to make good _17_. On every single move you have to _18_ a situation, process what your opponent (对手) is doing and _19_ the best move from among all your options.”These words still ring true today in my _20_ as a journalist.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了我在大学时所选的课程对自己以后的职业和生活起到了很重要的作用。1A.put forwardBjumped atCtried out Dturned downB解析：我迫不及待地接受(jumped at)了参加这个课程学习的想法。put forward“提出”；try out“试验”；turn down“关小，拒绝”。2A.waste BearnCsave DpayC解析：毕竟，谁不想节省(save)一些钱呢？waste“浪费，花费”；earn“挣，赚得”；pay“付款”。3A.excited BworriedCmoved DtiredA解析：即使我对免费学分不太激动(excited)。worried“担心的”；moved “感动的”；tired“劳累的”。4A.title BcompetitorCtextbook DinstructorD解析：关于我们的讲师(instructor)的消息足够吸引我。title“标题，题目”；competitor“竞争者”；textbook“课本”。5A.urged BdemandedCheld DmeantD解析：他是一位国际象棋大师，这意味(meant)着我能向象棋界最优秀的人之一学习。urge“敦促”；demand“要求”；hold“举行”。6A.fastest BeasiestCbest DrarestC解析：参见上题解析。fastest“最快的”；easiest“最容易的”；best“最佳的”；rarest“最珍贵的”。7A.interview BmeetCchallenge DbeatB解析：根据上文对这位国际象棋大师的描述可知，我迫不及待地想见到(meet)他。interview“采访”；challenge“挑战”；beat“打击”。8A.chance Bqualification Chonor DjobD解析：Maurice Ashley是善良又聪明的人，这份工作(job)对他来说不是游戏。chance“机会”；qualification“资格”；honor“荣誉”。9A.real BperfectCclear DpossibleC解析：在他的介绍里，他清楚地(clear)说明了我们的学分是必须经过努力才能得到的。real“真的”；perfect“完美的”；possible“可能的”。10A.attend BpassCskip DobserveB解析：为了通过(pass)这门课程，我们必须写一篇关于如何把课堂所学运用到未来职业中的文章。attend“参加”；skip“跳过”；observe“观察”。11A.add BexposeCapply DcompareC解析：参见上题解析。add“添加”；expose“暴露，使面临”；apply“应用