高中英语Module6AnimalsindangerPeriodFourGrammar—Reviewofattributiveclauses教案.docx

Period Four GrammarReview of attributive clauses感知以下课文原句，完成方框下的小题1On a freezing cold day in January 1994，Jiesang Suonandajie found what he was looking fora group of poachers who were killing the endangered Tibetan antelope.2In the battle which followed Jiesang was shot and killed.3Often working at night，the poachers shoot whole herds of antelopes at a time，leaving only the babies，whose wool is not worth so much.4The animals are skinned on the spot and the wool taken to India，where it is made into the shawls.5Sometimes there were gunfights，like the one inwhich Jiesang Suonandajie was killed.6Meanwhile，in those countries where the shawls are sold，police are getting tough with the dealers.1句1中，who引导定语从句，在从句中作主语。2句2中，which引导定语从句，在从句中作主语。3句3中，whose引导定语从句，在从句中作定语。4句4中，where引导定语从句，在从句中作状语。5句5中，inwhich引导定语从句，在从句中作状语。6句6中，where引导定语从句，在从句中作状语。定语从句在句中起定语作用，修饰某一名词(名词性短语)或代词。定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词后面。定语从句分为两类：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。连接先行词与从句的词称为关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that，which，who，whom，whose，as等；关系副词有where，when，why等。一、由关系代词who，whom，whose，which，that引导的定语从句关系词说明成分备注who代替人主语、宾语作宾语时可以省略whom代替人宾语whose代替人或物定语which代替物主语、宾语that代替人或物主语、宾语TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.正在踢足球的男孩们来自一班。Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.足球是一项大部分男孩喜欢的运动。Isthereanyoneinyourdepartmentwhosefatherisapainter？你们系里有谁的父亲是画家吗？Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.Theclassroomthedoorofwhichisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.门坏了的教室将很快会被修理。二、“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句1关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，从句常由“介词关系代词”引导。Theschool (that/which) heoncestudiedinisveryfamous.Theschoolinwhichheoncestudiedisveryfamous.他曾经就读的学校非常有名。2若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或者that；指物时用which，不能用that；关系代词是所有格时用whose。Themanwithwhomyoutalkedismyfriend.和你说话的那个人是我的朋友。The plane in which we flew to Canada is very comfortable.我们乘坐的去加拿大的飞机非常舒适。3在定语从句中，基于意义上的需要，可以在some，any，few，several，many，all，both，none，neither，either，each，enough，half，one，two等词之后接ofwhom或ofwhich。Intheroomtherearelotsofpeople，manyofwhomIdontknow.房间里有很多人，其中很多我不认识。三、由关系副词when，where，why引导的定语从句1when代替时间，在从句中作时间状语；where代替地点，在从句中作地点状语；why代替原因，在从句中作原因状语。它们的含义相当于“介词which”结构，因此常常和此结构交替使用。Thereareoccasionswhen (onwhich) onemustyield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。Beijingistheplacewhere (inwhich) Iwasborn.北京是我的出生地。Isthisthereasonwhy (forwhich) hequitthejob?这是他辞职的理由吗？2“fromwhere”结构，也可以引导定语从句。Westoodatthetopofthehill，fromwherewecouldseethetown.我们站在山顶上，从那里我们能看见那个城镇。四、限制性定语从句只能用that的几种情况1如果先行词是all，much，little，anything，something，nothing，everything，none，some等不定代词时，关系代词一般只用that，不用which。IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?我能为你做些什么吗？2如果先行词被theonly，thevery，theright，thesame，thelast，thebest等词修饰时，关系代词常用that(指人时，还可以用who)。ThisistheverybookthatIwanttofind.这就是我想找的那本书。Thatisthebestfilmthatwehaveseen.那是我们看过的最好的电影。Iwastheonlypersoninmyofficethat/whowasinvited.我是我们办公室唯一被邀请的人。3当先行词被all，every，no，some，any，little，much修饰时。Allthepeoplethatarepresentburstintotears.在场的所有人都哭了。Youcantakeanyseatthatisfree.你可以坐任何空着的座位。4当先行词是序数词或形容词最高级或被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。WhenpeopletalkaboutHangzhou，thefirstthatcomestomindistheWestLake.当人们谈及杭州时，第一个想到的就是西湖。ItisthefirstforeignbookthatIhaveeverseen.这是我看过的第一本外文书。ThisisthemostbeautifulflowerthatIhaveseen.这是我见过的最美的花。5在therebe句型中，常用that。Thereisamanthatlivesinthatvillage.在那个村庄里住着一个人。6先行词既有人又有物时，关系代词用that。Theboyandthedogthatareinthepictureareverylovely.图画中的小男孩和小狗非常可爱。7当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时，关系代词用that。Whicharethebooksthatyouboughtforme?哪些书是你给我买的？五、限制性和非限制性定语从句定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。翻译时常常不译作定语，而是译成与主句并列的句子。Thisisthehousewhichweboughtlastmonth.这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。Myhouse，whichIboughtlastyear，hasgotalovelygarden.我的房子有个漂亮的花园，这房子是我去年买的。注意关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。六、关系代词as和which引导的定语从句as和which引导非限制性定语从句，有相同之处也有不同之处。1as和which都可以在定语从句中作主语或者宾语，代表前面整个句子。Hemarriedher，as/whichwasnatural.他娶了她，这是意料之中的。2as引导非限制性定语从句，可放在主句之前，或者主句之后，甚至可以切割一个主句；which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。另外，as有“正如，正像”的意思。Asisknowntoall，Chinaisadevelopingcountry.众所周知，中国是一个发展中国家。Heisfromthesouth，aswecanseefromhisaccent.他是从南方来的，我们从他的口音可以听出来。John，asyouknow，isafamouswriter.正如你所知道的，约翰是一个有名的作家。HehasbeentoParismorethanseveraltimes，whichIdontbelieve.我不相信他已经去过巴黎好多次了。注意当主句和从句存在逻辑上的因果关系时，常用which。Tomwasalwayslateforschool，whichmadehisteacherangry.汤姆上学总是迟到，这让他的老师很生气。3当先行词由such，thesame修饰时，常用as。Ihaveneverheardsuchastoryashetells.我从来没有听过他讲的那样的故事。Heisnotsuchafoolashelooks.他并不像看上去那样傻。ThisisthesamebookasIlostlastweek.这和我上星期丢的那本书一样。4以theway为先行词的定语从句，并且在从句中作状语时，通常由inwhich，that引导，而且通常可以省略。Theway (inwhich/that) heansweredthequestionwassurprising.他回答问题的方式令人吃惊。单句语法填空1Kate，whosesisterIsharedaroomwithwhenwewereatcollege，hasgonetoworkinAustralia.(2018天津)2Sheandherfamilybicycletowork，whichhelpsthemkeepfit.(2018北京)3SelfdrivingisanareawhereChinaandtherestoftheworldareonthesamestartingline.(2018江苏)4Likeanything，itispossibletohavetoomuchofboth，whichisnotgoodforthehealth.(2017全国) 5ButSarah，whohastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels，wantstoprovethatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.(2017全国)6Manyyoungpeople，mostofwhomwerewelleducated，headedforremoteregionstochasetheirdreams.(2016江苏)7Scientistshaveadvancedmanytheoriesaboutwhyhumanbeingscrytears，noneofwhichhasbeenproved.(2016浙江)8Ilivenextdoortoacouplewhosechildrenoftenmakealotofnoise.(2016北京)9Wewillputoffthepicnicintheparkuntilnextweek，whentheweathermaybebetter.(2016天津)10SomepeoplethinkthatthegreatChinesescholarConfucius，wholivedfromroughly551to479BC.，influencedthedevelopmentofchopsticks.(2016全国).用适当的关系词填空1Whatdoyouthinkoftheholidaythat/whichwespenttogetherlastyear?2Hetalkedaboutawriterwhosebooksarepopularamongyoungpeople.3Thechildren，allofwhomhadplayedthewholedaylong，werewornout.4Thatwasthereasonwhytheteachercriticizedhimyesterday.5ChinaTodayattractsaworldwidereadership，whichshowsthatmorepeoplewanttolearnaboutChina.6Englishisalanguagesharedbyseveraldiversecultures，eachofwhichusesitdifferently.7Themuseumwillopeninthespringwithanexhibitionandaviewingplatformwherevisitorscanwatchthebigglasshousesisnowbeingbuilt.8Johnhasinvitedabout40peopletohiswedding，mostofwhomarefamilymembers.9Hewrotealetterwhereheexplainedwhathadhappenedintheaccident.10Weliveinanagewhenmoreinformationisavailablewithmoreeasethaneverbefore.11YoucanalsomakemoreChinesefriends，whowilltellyoualotaboutChinaandhelpyoulearnChinese.12Wewillbeshownaroundsomeplaceswhichvisitorsseldomgoto.13Hisson，towhomhehadbeendevoted，returnedfromtheUSAtotakecareofhim.句型转换14Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthetownwheretheylive.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthetowninwhichtheylive.15Isthattheproperwayyouspoketoyourmother?Isthattheproperwaythatyouspoketoyourmother?Isthattheproperwayinwhichyouspoketoyourmother?16Weliveinahouse，whosewindowsfacesouth.Weliveinahouse，thewindowsofwhich/ofwhichthewindowsfacesouth.17Heissuchanhonestpersonthatwealllikehim.Heissuchanhonestpersonaswealllike.18Tellmethereasonwhyyoucamelate.Tellmethereasonforwhichyoucamelate.基础巩固.单句语法填空1Someexpertsthinkreadingisthefundamentalskilluponwhichschooleducationdepends.2OppositeisSt.PaulsChurch，whereyoucanhearsomelovelymusic.3Itisatrulydelightfulplace，whichlooksthesameasitmusthavedone100yearsagowithitswindingstreetsandprettycottages.4Thenumberofsmokers，asisreported，hasdroppedby17percentinjustoneyear.5Creatinganatmosphereinwhich/whereemployeesfeelpartofateamisabigchallenge.6Ihavethreechildren，onedaughterandtwosons，allofwhomgraduatedfromthesameuniversity.7Itiscommontoseepeoplestaringattheirmobilephonesinsteadofreadingarealbook，aboutwhichmanyexpertsareworried.8Sheshowedthevisitorsaroundthemuseum，theconstructionofwhichhadtakenmorethanthreeyears.9Wehavelaunchedanothermanmadesatellite，whichisannouncedintodaysnewspaper.10Thereasonwhy/forwhichhelivedfarawayfromhisparentshasntbeenknowntous.完成句子11Anyonewhofailedtheexam(没有通过考试的) shouldbepunished.12Heislateforclassagain，asisoftenthecase(这是常有的事)13Hestoodatthewindow，fromwherehecouldseewhatwashappening(从那儿他能看见正在发生的事)14Therearetwothousandstudentsinourschool，twothirdsofwhomaregirls(其中三分之二是女生)15Theboywillneverforgetthedaywhenhewasleftaloneathome(他一个人被留在家里).语法填空(定语从句专练)Doyouknowtheman16.who/that wrote this book? He was Jason，one of the engineers 17.who/thatcamefromRussiainthe1950s.Heworkedinthefactory18.wheremyfatheronceworked.WhenhecametoChina，thefirstthing19.thathedidwastovisitthefactory20.that/which did research on trolleybuses and find out the reason 21.why China was so backward in them.Then he spent every minute 22.that he could spare helping China develop transportation.23.As is mentioned above，Jason was a foreigner 24.who/thatmadegreatcontributionstoourcountryandwasakindmanto25.whomweshouldsaythanks.能力提升.完形填空AsaboyIwasalwayssmallformyage.Iwasalsofiveyearsyoungerthanoneofmybrothersand seven years younger than the other.26，I often felt left out when their friends came over to27.Iwastoo28forwhatevertheyweredoingandtheydidntwanttheiryoungerbrotherlisteninginontheirconversationseither.MoreoftenthannotIfoundmyselfoutsideplaying29andfeelingforgotten.Irememberonespringafternoonfeelingespecially30asIsatintheyardbehindourhouse.We lived miles from town and I 31 saw my own friends outside of school.I 32mybrotherslaughingfrom33thehouseandfeltasingletearcomingdownmycheek.AtthatmomentIsawalargebrowndog34me.Hewaswagging(摇摆)histail35.Hegreetedmelikealonglost36，licking(舔) myhandandsittingbesidemeonthegrass，37hedidntknowme.Ipettedand38thisfourleggedangle.Heletmepouroutallmytroublesand 39 my deepest thoughts before he kissed me goodbye.I went back inside feeling happy，40thatnomatterwhatlifemightholdIwasloved.I41thatthedogwassentinthatmomentof42toremindmejusthowmuchIwasloved.Intruth，nothingbringsusgreater43thanknowingweareloved.Knowingwearelovedgivesusthe44toloveothersaswell.Italsohelpsustobethepeopletheworldmeantforustobe.Rememberhowmuchthewordlovesyouandshareyour45withtheworld.语篇解读文章讲述作者小时候因为是年龄最小的，经常感觉很孤单，被遗忘了，但是遇到一只狗之后，他感受到自己是被爱的。26A.ForexampleBAsaresultCInfactDAtthebeginning答案B解析我还比我的一个兄弟年幼五岁，比另一个小七岁。结果，当他们的朋友过来玩的时候，我经常感到被冷落。由上下文的描述可知，此处表示因果关系，故用Asaresult。故选B。27A.discussBfightCplayDwork答案C解析discuss讨论；fight战斗；play玩；work工作。参见上题解析。故选C。28A.youngBquickCnervousDnoisy答案A解析young年轻的；quick迅速的；nervous紧张不安的；noisy有噪音的。由上文中的“Iwasalsofiveyearsyoungerthan.”可知，“我”太“小(young)”，不适合加入他们的活动。故选A。29A.excitedlyBaloneCsecretlyDhard答案B解析由上文中的“Ioftenfeltleftout”和该空后的feelingforgotten以及下文的描述可知，很多时候“我”都是“独自(alone)”一人玩，有一种被遗忘的感觉。故选B。30A.relaxedBanxiousCstrangeDlonely答案D解析由下文中的“Imybrotherslaughing.feltasingletearcomingdownmycheek.”可知，“我”感到特别“孤独(lonely)”。故选D。31A.regularlyBevenChardlyDalways答案C解析regularly有规律地；even甚至；hardly几乎不；always总是。由该空前的“Welivedmilesfromtown”可知，放学后“我”几乎不能看到自己的朋友。故选C。32A.heardBfoundCmadeDimagined答案A解析由该空后的“my brothers laughing”可知，“我”“听到(hear)”哥哥们的笑声。故选A。33A.behindBoverCoutsideDinside答案D解析behind在后面；over在之上；outside在外面；inside在里面。由上文中的“MoreoftenthannotIfoundmyselfoutside”和“Isatintheyardbehindourhouse”以及下文中的“Iwentbackinsidefeelinghappy”可知，哥哥和他的朋友们在家“里(inside)”玩，而“我”躲到后院去玩。故选D。34A.walkingtoBbarkingatCpassingbyDkeepingoff答案A解析由下文中的“licking(舔) myhandandsittingbesidemeonthegrass”可知，“我”看见一只狗“朝我走来”。故选A。35A.quietlyBhappilyCslightlyDnaturally答案B解析quietly安静地；happily高兴地；slightly轻微地；naturally自然地。由下文中的“Hegreetedmelikealonglost.”可知，这只狗很“快乐(happily)”。故选B。36A.childBfriendCtoyDchance答案B解析由文中的描述可知，“尽管(eventhough)”它不认识“我”，但是它像久违的老“朋友(friend)”一样跟“我”打招呼。故选B。37A.becauseBifonlyCwhenDeventhough答案D解析参见上题解析，故选D。38A.pickedupBthoughtofClearnedfromDtalkedto答案D解析pickup捡起，偶然学到；thinkof思考；learnfrom向学；talkto和交谈。由下文中的“Heletmepouroutallmytroubles”可知，“我”对这只狗“倾诉(talkto)”。故选D。39A.formBrecordCshareDhave答案C解析由文中的描述可知，它给“我”机会倾诉自己的烦恼，“分享(share)”“我”内心深处的想法。故选C。40A.doubtingBwonderingCshowingDknowing答案D解析由文中的描述可知，“我”清楚地“知道(know)”“我”被爱着。故选D。41A.decideBproveCbelieveDexplain答案C解析由上文中的“feltasingletearcomingdownmycheek”和“Iwentbackinsidefeelinghappy”可知，“我”“相信(believe)”，在“我”“难过(sadness)”的时候，那只小狗的出现是来提醒“我”“我”是被爱着的。故选C。42A.sadnessBpeaceCmadnessDsilence答案A解析参见上题解析，故选A。43A.changesBhonorCideasDjoy答案D解析由上文中的“Iwentbackinsidefeelinghappy”可知，没有什么比知道有人爱着我们能带给我们更大的“欢乐(joy)”。故选D。44A.prideBfreedomCstrengthDpossibility答案C解析知道有人爱着我们也给了我们“力量(strength)”去爱别人。故选C。45A.appreciationBloveCfaithDgrowth答案B解析appreciation欣赏，感激；love爱；faith信仰；growth增长，成长。由文中的“givesusthetoloveothersaswell”可知，此处指与世界分享你的“爱(love)”。故选B。.语法填空Chinesearethefirstpeopletohavetea.Onethousandandtwohundredyearsago，LuYuwroteabookcalled“TheClassicofTea”，46.ishonoredas“TheBibleofTea”Thebookgivesadetailed47.(explain) oftheorigin，theprocessingskillsandtheclassificationoftea.However，Chineseteaculturegoesfarbeyondtea48.(it)Takegreenteaforinstance，theidealtemperatureofthewatershouldbearound80degreesCelsius.Ifthewateristoohot，nutrients(营养物) inthetea49. (destroy)Ontheotherhand，ifthewaterisnothotenough，thetea50.(leaf) wontopenupandyouwillmissthepleasantlyfreshflavor.SoChinesepeopleareaccustomed51.drinkinghottea.WhenyouvisitaChinesefriend，yourfriendwill52.(constant) addhotwatertoyouremptycupoftea.Itispolite53.(offer) theteacuptoguestswithbothhands.Ofcourse，theguestsshouldpayrespectaswell54.(take) overthecupwithbothhands.Talkingaboutaddingwatertotheteacup，thereis55.saying：winefull，fullcup.Teahalf，halfcup.Forwine，fullcupsymbolizeswholeheartiness.Fortea，half，itmeansmodesty.46答案which解析考查定语从句的引导词。根据设空处前的逗号可知本题是非限制性定语从句。先行词为book，指物，将先行词代入定语从句后可知先行词在定语从句中作主语，故填which。47答案explanation解析考查名词。设空处作宾语，故设空处应填名词，根据设空处前的不定冠词可知设空处填explanation。48答案itself解析考查反身代词。句意为：然而中国的茶文化远远超出了茶本身。itself作tea的同位语。49答案willbedestroyed解析考查时态和语态。句意为：如果水温太高，茶里的营养将会被破坏。条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来，因此主句用一般将来时；nutrients与destroy之间为被动关系，故用被动语态，因此填willbedestroyed。50答案leaves解析考查名词复数。根据常识可知设空处需用名词的复数形式，故填leaves。51答案to解析考查介词。beaccustomedto为固定短语，意为“习惯于”。52答案constantly解析考查副词。设空处作状语，故填副词constantly。53答案tooffer解析考查不定式。it为形式主语，设空处用不定式作真正的主语；Itispolite后常用不定式作真正的主语，故填tooffer。54答案taking解析考查非谓语动词作状语。主语theguests与take为逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。55答案a解析考查冠词。saying为可数名词，在本句中表示泛指，故填a。.概要写作阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Withoutmostpeoplerealizingit，therehasbeenarevolutioninofficeworkoverthelasttenyears.Beforethattime，largecomputerswereonlyusedbylarge，richcompaniesthatcouldaffordtheinvestment.Withtheadvancementoftechnology，smallcompu