比较级最高级的用法总结.ppt

主要内容,原级、比较级、最高级简介 原级、比较级、最高级构成方式 注意点 倍数的表达 比较级和最高级的修饰语 比较级和最高级用法总结 不表示比较意义的比较结构 “比较”出来的英语名言,原级、比较级、最高级简介 形容词和副词有三个等级： 1.原级：即形容词和副词的原形。 small, good, pretty, big, many hard, happily, slowly, quickly 程度副词very,too,so,quite等修饰形容词和副词的原级。 如：very tall、 too hot、 so cold quite interesting run quickly asas ,(与一样）； not as（so)as （与不一样）中间用原级。形容词的原级与asas连用表示肯定意思，是“和一样”的意思；与not as/ so as连用表示否定意义，是“不如”或“不一样”的含义 The story is as interesting as that one. The question is not as / so difficult as that one.,2.比较级：两个人或物之间的比较。表示“较”或“更一些”。标志词：than (比） 单音节词通常是-er结尾；多音节或部分双音节词通常在之前加more. 如:smaller, better, taller, older, more, harder more interesting , more quickly 3.最高级：三个或三个以上的人或物之间 的比较。 标志词：in+大范围, of all, of +the+具体的数字 表示“最”的意思。（两者以上用最高级） 单音节词通常是-est结尾；多音节或部分双音节词通常在之前加most. 在形容词的最高级前必须加the;副词之前可以不加。如 ：smallest, tallest, newest, best most interesting, most difficultly,形容词最高级的用法 (in; of) 1、那个短发的女孩是我们班最高的. 2、今天是一年中最热的一天. 3、他的房间是三个中最干净的一个. 4、上海是中国最大的城市.,The girl with red hair is the tallest in our class.,Today is the hottest day of the year.,His room is the cleanest of the three.,Shanghai is the largest in China.,注意: the +序数词+最高级+单数可数名词：表示“第几大的” eg. 1.This is the third most popular song of Michael Jackson。 2. Russia is the first biggest country in era in the world.,单音节和少数多音节的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 的构成分规则和不规则。变化如下：,不规则变化 well better best bad worse worst many more most little less least Much more most far farther farthest,双音节或多音节形容词和副词的比较级 和最高级的特殊情况：,1、一般是在原级前加more构成比较级，在原级前加most构成最高级。 beautiful more beautiful most beautiful interesting more interesting most interesting dangerous more dangerous most dangerous 2、某些单音节形容词，加more, most 构成比较级和最高级。 glad more glad most glad pleased more pleased most pleased tired more tired most tired often-more often- most often,3、表示在两者之间相差的程度用“具体数字+比较级+ than+ 比较对象”。 eg: The road is two metres longer than that one . 这条公路比那条公路长两米。 This pencil is four inches shorter than that one . 这只铅笔比那只铅笔短四英寸。 4、有些双音节和单音节形容词，既可以加er或est构成比较级和最高级，也可以加more 和most构成比较级和最高级。 friendly huge calm free true clever,important _ _ easy_ _ wet_ _ happy_ _ careful _ _ thin _ _ good_ _ hot _ _ easily _ _ many_ _ nice _ _ big _ _ heavy_ _ delicious_ _ much_ _,练习：给出下列词的比较级和最高级,more important,most important,easier,easiest,wetter,wettest,happier,happiest,more careful,most careful,thinner,thinnest,better,best,hotter,hottest,more easily,most easily,more,most,nicer,nicest,bigger,biggest,heavier,heaviest,more delicious,most delicious,more,most,1.The new building is higher than the old one.,Those apples are bigger than these ones.,2.His shirt is more expensive than mine.,如果主语是物主代词+名词，那么后面要用 名词性物主代词。,比较级必须在同类中进行，即人与人比， 物与物比，而且比较结构前后的词语要对称， 特别注意在than或 as 之后不要漏掉可能出现 的替代词 that ，those, one ,ones.,注意点,3.Kate is more beautiful than Lily is. She is five years older than I am.,I drink more tea than he (does).,than前后句子的时态相同。通常用be动词 情态动词can, may, must, could, should和助动 词do, does ,did, will，have等来简答。,4.I have more pens than you (do).,many,much,little,few等词必须带名词。,5.The city is one of the most beautiful cities in the world.,one of+ the+最高级+复数名词,Which/Who+ 比较级，A or B? Which/Who+ 最高级，A ，B or C?,6.Who is older, Jim or Tom ? Who is the tallest, Jim , Mike or Tom,Which language is _ , English, French or Chinese? A. difficult B. more difficult C. the most difficult,C,7. Mary is the tallest of all the sisters in the family .,在使用形容词最高级时，一定有比较的范围。,8.This is the third largest city in China .,当表示“第二，第三”等意思时，经常在最高 级的前面加second, third,等词。,9.Its our largest machine in our factory.,当最高级前有物主代词修饰时，其前不加 定冠词the.,10. 形容词的比较级 + and + 形容词的比较级 （前后形容词是同一个） 越来越 She is becoming thinner and thinner. Living in the world is becoming more and more difficult.,11. 英语中某些形容词由于本身表达的含义已经暗含”与同类比较最为*”, 一般不用于比较结构, 也不用very 来修饰: Absolute, primary, correct, wrong, favourite, ultimate, perfect, eternal, first, last, true, unique, final, total, sole等.,12 senior, junior, superior, inferior等词与to连用表示比较的概念 用恰当的词完成下列句子，使之完整、正确 Their watch is superior _ all the other watches on the market. He runs a lot faster _ I. 解析：某些以-ior结尾的形容词不用比较形式却能表达比较概念，其后要接介词to。这些词有inferior（劣等的，次的）、superior（较好的，优于）、junior（资历较浅的）、senior（资格较老的）、prior（在之前）等。因此，题填to；题是比较级，填than。,13 在同级比较 as*as*和异级比较 more*than*结构中会出现一个名词 通常将名词置于比较结构中要注意冠词置于名词之前 He is as clever as a student as anyone else in his class That was more important a meeting than we had imagined,14. 有时候most与形容词或副词连用 但是并不表示最高级比较的意义 而是一般的程度副词 可以译为 “很,非常” The telephone is a most useful tool without which our modern life would be almost impossible She behaved most generously,15、the + 形容词的比较级 + + the +形容词的比较级 表示“ 越，就越” The more you eat, the fatter you will be. The harder you study, the more you will get. The smaller the house is, the less it will cost. The sooner, the better.,16、the + 形容词比较级 + of 短语 两者中比较的一个 She is the prettier of the two girls. The bike is the older of the two. His is the taller of the two. This one is the more beautiful of the the two picture.,17.表示“是的几倍”，用“倍数+as+原级+as”结构，或者“倍数+比较级+than”结构。 eg: This classroom is three times as big as that one. This classroom is twice bigger than that one.,表示倍数 1）数词 + times + as + 形容词原级 + as This room is twice as big as that one.,2）数词+times+形容词比较级+than This room is twice bigger than that one.,3）数词+times+性质名词+of (性质名词主要有：length, size, height, weight, depth等) This room is twice the size of that one.,4） (not) half + as + 形容词原级 + as This room is half as big as that one.,比较级和最高级的修饰语,1.常见的比较级的修饰语有：much, a great deal, far, by far, even, will, still, a bit, a little, rather, any, (far) larger 表示不定程度或数量。 Very不可以用来修饰比较级! eg: I am even less lucky. She is far better than me at writing. This pen is much better than that one. Tom is a little shorter than his friend Jim. This movie is far more interesting than I expected.,2. all the +比较级：愈来愈 eg. I worked all the harder. 我工作愈来愈努力了。,3. any修饰比较级只用于疑问句、否定句和条件状语从句 eg. Can you do any better on this job?,4.常见的最高级的修饰语有：序数词，by far, nearly, almost, by no means, not quite, not really等