新目标八年级英语下册unit4语法讲解.ppt

Unit4,语法复习 -直接引语和间接引语,直接引语与间接引语 学习内容 如何把直接引语变成间接引语； 内容要求 灵活运用直接引语和间接引语知识 内容精讲 一、直接引语和间接引语 二、直接引语变为间接引语主要有五种情况 三、如何把直接引语变为间接引语？,内容精讲 一、直接引语和间接引语 1、何为直接引语： 直接引用别人所说的话 如：He said, “Why are you standing?” 2、何为间接引语： 间接引用别人所说的话 如：He asked why I was standing.,二、直接引语变为间接引语主要有以下几种情况：,1. 直接引语是陈述句,2. 直接引语是一般疑问句,3. 直接引语是选择疑问句,4. 直接引语是特殊疑问句,5. 直接引语是祈使句,三、如何把直接引语变为间接引语？,1）连词的选用： 陈述句选 that 一般疑问句选 if 、 whether 选择疑问句 whether 特殊疑问句选疑问词 who 、what等,请注意如下要点：,思考：直接引语如果是祈使句，如何变为间接引语呢？,i：直接引语如果是（实意动词或be动词开头）祈使句，接引语应改为“tell (ask, order) sb (not) to do sth.”句型。,ask sb. (not) to do sth. （表示客气） tell sb. (not) to do sth. （命令性强于上面） order sb. (not) to do sth.（命令性最强）,e.g. The teacher said, “Do the exercises again!”,The teacher told us to do the exercises again.,直接引语如果是以“Lets”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest +动名词（或从句should +动词原形）”,He said, “Lets go to the film.“,He suggested going to the film.,Or: He suggested that they should go to see the film.,2）语序的排列：连词+主语+谓语,3）人称代词要根据情况做相应的改变: 有一句顺口溜“一随主。二随宾，第三人称不更新”。,5）指示代词要变化：thisthat thesethose (由“此”改为“彼”),6) 地点副词的变化：herethere,7) 方向性动词的变化：comego,如果直接引语为疑问句，主句谓语动词的 说(say)要变成问(ask)。,4) 本句的标点符号要根据主句统一,9）时态的变化： 主句谓语是现在时，从句的时态不变 主句谓语是过去时，从句的时态要相应地降一级 主句谓语是现在时或过去时，从句中是客观真理性的时态不变（只用一般现在时）,一般现在时一般过去时 一般将来时过去将来时 现在进行时过去进行时 现在完成时过去完成时 一般过去时过去完成时,请看下表,10）时间状语的变化：,now-then today-that day yesterday-the day before tomorrow-the next day/the following day two days ago-two days before at this time-at that time next week-the next week this afternoon-that afternoon,请把下列直接引语变为间接引语,1.My mother said, “I will buy you a new coat tomorrow.” 2.Tom said, “What are you doing at this moment with your sister?” 3.She said, “Have you finished your homework ?” 4.The teacher said, “Dont touch this instrument without my permission.”,My mother said that she would buy me a new coat the next day.,Tom asked what I was doing at that moment with my sister.,She asked if I had finished my homework .,The teacher told us not to touch that instrument without her permission.,5.She said, “Did you come here five minutes ago for your bike?” 6. He said : “ lets go shopping.”,She asked me whether I had gone there five minutes before for my bike.,He suggested that they should go shopping.,He suggested going shopping.,or,Unit5,语法复习 if 的用法,本单元的学习目标是：有if引导的条件状语从句。 主句：一般将来时态+ if 从句：一般现在时态 If从句：一般现在时态，主句：一般将来时态。,1. You will be late for school if you get up late. 2. If you get up late, you will be late for school.,主句用一般将来时态 ,从句用一般现在时态,从句用一般现在时态 ,主句用一般将来时态,You will have a great time if you go to the party.,If you go to the party, you will have a great time.,1、The teachers _(not, let )you in if you wear jeans to the party. 2、Your brother will be sorry if he _ (stay) at home. 3、Mary _( be) late if she _(take) the bus to the party. 4、You _( have) a great time if you _(go) to the party. 5、His parents will be glad if Tom _(get ) good grades. 6、what will you do if your friend _( be ) in danger?,wont let,stays,will be,takes,will have,go,gets,is,全面了解if 的用法 1、if ：“是否” .引导宾语从句 eg: I dont know if it will rain tomorrow. 2、if ：“如果” .引导真实条件从句 We will go for a walk if it doesnt rain. I wont go out if it rains. 3、if ：“如果”.引导虚拟条件从句 eg: (1) If I were you , I would be pleased. (2) if he were you, he would go to college. (3)If I had a million dollars, I would buy a car. (4)I would stay at home if it rained.,请用正确的形式填空。 1. If I come, I _ ( see ) you. 2. If it is fine, we_( go ) for a walk. 3. If it rained, they _ ( stay ) at home. 4. You will spoil it if you _ ( not be ) careful. 5. We would be very pleased if you _( come ). 6. Will you help me if I _ ( need ) you. 7. They will get wet if it _ ( rain ). 8. What a pity I havent got my car. If I had, I _( take ) you to the airport. 9. We would answer if we _( can ). 10. If you eat too much, you _( get ) ill. 11. I dont know if he _( go ) to the party tonight. 1