2020版高考英语复习Unit1Greatscientists课后达标检测新人教版必修.docx

Unit 1 Great scientists(建议用时：30分钟) 阅读理解A(2019江西赣中南五校第一次联考)In 2014 my best friends mother died of cancer. It was a tragedy, but as usual, Alice, my mother, used her power of healing and got his family back on their feet. If you asked my friends about my mother, they would say, “That woman has a heart of gold” I agree one hundred percent.I think the reason why she is such a wonderful person is that the Holy Spirit lives within her. She is very holy and has persuaded me to go to church with her every Sunday.About six years ago my mom decided to pursue her lifelong goal of becoming a teacher. She knew it would be hard work raising three kids, doing housework and studying at the same time. However, she believed it would pay off. What my mother didnt realize was that not all things pay off in this unfair world. After four hard years of school, she graduated on a warm spring day. It was unbelievable. My aunt drove up from Virginia to celebrate this fantastic day. It was the first time I had ever cried about being happy.Its strange how fast a life can change. Two months later, the unpredictable happened. My mother was diagnosed with multiple sclerosis(多发性硬化症).I could not believe this could happen after all the good she had done for people. I was very confused and cried every day. My faith in God just disappeared and so did my moms dream of becoming a teacher.Then, I decided I must move on with my life and accept the fact that she might never get better. Since my decision, I have become more mature, responsible and active in school and work. Through the years I have always been able to change negative situations into positive ones. Im happy with my life now.【解题导语】本文主要讲述了乐观、积极上进的母亲影响作者的故事。1Which of the following can best describe Alice?AHonestBHelpful.CGreedy.DUnconcerned.B解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“It was a tragedy, but as usual, Alice, my mother, used her power of healing and got his family back on their feet”可知，母亲乐于帮助他人，故选B项。2What else did Alice have to do when studying?ADrive a car and go to church.BTeach students and raise kids.CDo housework and teach at school.DLook after children and keep house.D解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“She knew it would be hard work raising three kids, doing housework and studying at the same time”可知，母亲在学习的同时还要照顾孩子、做家务，故选D。3According to the text, the authors mother _.Arecovered from illnessBno longer had faith in GodCdidnt realize her dream as a teacherDchanged negative situations into positive ones unwillinglyC解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“My faith in God just disappeared and so did my moms dream of becoming a teacher”可知，母亲因为患病，成为教师的梦想破灭了，故选C。4Which of the following is the best title for the text?AFighting Against Kinds of DiseasesBMother Gave Me Life ExperienceCBelief in God Brought Me Good LuckDHow to Become a Responsible and Active ManB解析：标题归纳题。根据对文章的整体理解可推知，本文主要讲述了乐观的母亲对作者的积极影响，作者由此成为了一个积极面对生活的人，故选B。B(2019太原一模)Researchers are now using threedimensional(三维的), or 3D printing to create models of the human heart to help heart specialists. The heart doctors can use the models to better help patients before an operation.Surgeons regularly use digital images to explore the heart in close detail. But no two human hearts are alike. This leads Matthew Bramlet, a childrens heart expert, to create exact heart models from those images. He says the 3D models show information he cannot get in any other way. The 3D printed model adds a new dimension to heart surgery, allowing surgeons to see defects that might not be readily apparent in digital images.A 3D printer uses images from a digital display to create a physical model of a human heart. Pictures from medical tests like a CAT scan or an MRI scan are sent to a 3D printer to create a heart in a plaster or a clay form. The printer then constructs the heart, a thin layer by a thin layer. Dr. Bramlet says the model matches the real heart in every detail.Dr. Bramlet has built model hearts for different kinds of heart operations. All of the operations were successful. In his first case, digital images showed only one tiny hole in a babys heart. But the 3D printed model showed several defects that the baby was born with. Dr. Bramlet says those defects could not be seen easily in the images. The heart surgeon was able to change the type of surgery for the patient based on the 3D model. He adds that 3D heart models saved time during heart operations.Kathy Magliato is a heart surgeon. She welcomes the new technology. She says it could help her make better decisions before she operates on the hearts of her patients.Matthew Bramlet continues to research the technology. He is working with the National Institutes of Health to build a 3D library that includes heart models and images that others can use.【解题导语】文章主要讲述了研究人员目前正在使用3D打印技术创造的人类心脏模型，来帮助外科医生更好地救治病人。5Whats the limitation of digital heart images?AA lack of close details.BInability to display defects.CFailure to show personal differences.DInaccuracy in the size of the childs heart.C解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Surgeons regularly use digital images to explore the heart in close detail. But no two human hearts are alike”可知，外科医生经常使用数字图像来仔细研究心脏。但是没有两个人类的心脏是相像的。故可推知数字图像没有显示出个人差异，故选C项。6What can the heart model created by 3D printing do?AIt can replace the human heart.BIt can conduct heart operations.CIt can make defects readily apparent.DIt can serve as an alternative to a CAT scan.C解析：推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“The 3D printed model adds a new dimension to heart surgery, allowing surgeons to see defects that might not be readily apparent in digital images”可知，3D打印模型为心脏手术增加了一个新的维度，让外科医生能够看到在数字图像中可能没那么显而易见的缺陷。故可推断出，3D打印心脏模型可以让心脏缺陷显而易见，故选C项。7What can we learn from the fourth paragraph?ADr. Bramlet wasted a lot of time in heart operations.B3D heart models have not been used in surgery at present.CAll of the operations were unsuccessful without 3D models.DThe model revealed defects previously unseen in the babys heart.D解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“In his first case, digital images showed only one tiny hole in a babys heart. But the 3D printed model showed several defects that the baby was born with”可知，在他的第一个病例中，数字图像显示一个婴儿的心脏只有一个小洞。但是3D打印模型显示了这个婴儿生来就有的几个缺陷。故可推断出，该模型揭示了这个婴儿心脏上以前未被发现的缺陷。故选D项。8How does Kathy Magliato feel about the 3D printing?ATolerant.BSupportive.CDoubtful.DNegative.B解析：观点态度题。根据第五段中的“She welcomes the new technology. She says it could help her make better decisions before she operates on the hearts of her patients”可知，Kathy Magliato对3D打印技术是支持的，故选B项。 完形填空(2019成都第一次诊断)When Heather McHugh, a poet, won a $ 500，000 “genius grant” from the MacArthur Foundation, she didnt buy a luxurious car or fly to Paris. 1 ， she put the money in the bank and 2 writing poems.In 2011, she finally 3 what to do with it. That year, Heathers godson and his wife 4 their first child, a beautiful baby girl but severely disabled. “I saw how peoples 5 can change overnight. I started thinking about people in a 6 situation，” says Heather.She 7 there were millions of caregivers taking care of the chronically(慢性地) ill or disabled. So in 2012, Heather 8 a nonprofit organization offering a sevenday vacation, with all 9 paid, to people who have been caregivers for at least ten years.Tricia was one of the first caregivers to go on vacation. When Tricia got a call saying she was offered a 10 vacation, she couldnt 11 it; disbelief even 12 her concern about leaving her two kids.Tricia went, and her favorite parts of the trip were to enjoy the 13 things. “I got to eat hot food hot and cold food cold. I could go to bed when I wanted to and wake up whenever I chose to，” says Tricia. She was afraid the 14 would return when the 15 was over, but to her surprise, it hasnt been back since.Heather says Tricias 16 resembles those of the other ten caregivers she helps every year. “Before the vacation they are so 17 ， but the 18 is so amazing. They reflect and relax. It feels 19 like another world and gives them a chance to see their lives from another 20 ，” she adds.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。Heather McHugh利用自己的五十万美元奖金建立非营利组织，为照顾慢性病患者和残疾人的护理员提供免费休假，让他们到新的环境中，从不一样的角度来看待他们的人生。1AHoweverBThereforeCInsteadDBesidesC解析：根据空处前一句中的“she didnt buy a luxurious car or fly to Paris”可知，在获得了五十万美元的奖金后，她并没有买豪华汽车或飞去巴黎；结合该句中的“she put the money in the bank”可知，反而，她将这些钱存入银行。C项“而是，反而”，符合语境。however“然而”；therefore“因此”；besides“此外”。2AcontinuedBquittedCpracticedDstartedA解析：根据前一句中的“a poet”，结合该句中的“she put the money in the bank and _ writing poems”可知，她(这位诗人)获奖后，将奖金存进银行，继续(continued)写诗。quit“停止”；practice“实践，训练”；start“开始”。3Athought overBwonderedCtalked aboutDdecidedD解析：根据下文中的“Heather _ a nonprofit organization offering a sevenday vacation”可知，此处表示在2011年，她终于决定如何使用这笔钱。think over“仔细考虑”；wonder“想知道，好奇”；talk about“谈到，谈论”；decide“决定”符合语境。4AheldBwelcomedClostDsavedB解析：Heather的教子和他的妻子迎来了他们的第一个孩子，那是一个漂亮的女婴，但是有严重的残疾。hold“握着，举行”；lose“失去”；save“拯救，节约”；welcome“迎接”符合语境。5AfeelingsBfutureClivesDroutineC解析：根据语境，并结合上文中提到的Heather的教子和他的妻子生下了一个残疾的女婴可知，Heather看到了人的生活(lives)是如何在一夜之间发生改变的。routine“惯例，常规”。6AdifferentBsimilarCworseDbetterB解析：根据上文提到的Heather的教子和他的妻子生下了一个残疾女婴并且Heather看到了人的生活是如何在一夜之间发生改变的可知，Heather开始关注那些有相似(similar)境遇的人。7AdiscoveredBclaimedCadmittedDfeltA解析：她发现(discovered)有数百万照顾慢性病患者和残疾人的护理员。claim“宣称；断言”；admit“承认”；feel“感觉”。8AdonatedBfoundCvisitedDformedD解析：因此Heather在2012年建立了一个非营利组织，为那些成为护理员至少十年的人提供七天免费(free)休假。form“建立，组成”符合语境。donate“捐赠”；find“发现”；visit“参观”。9AtaxesBsalaryCexpensesDrentC解析：参见上题解析。tax“税”；salary“薪水”；rent“租金”；expense“花费”符合语境。10AfreeBcaringCshortDlongA解析：参见第8题解析。free“免费的”。11AbelieveBtakeCrefuseDenjoyA解析：根据空后的“disbelief”可知，Tricia不相信她获得了一个免费休假。A项意为“相信”，符合语境。12AwokeBdefeatedCshowedDmovedB解析：根据下一段中的“Tricia went, and her favorite parts of the trip were to enjoy”可知，Tricia接受了免费休假这件事情，由此可知，她对免费休假的怀疑(和向往)打败(defeated)了对于留下孩子们的担忧。wake“(使)醒来”；show“展示”；move“移动”。13AwonderfulBdeliciousCpeacefulDsimpleD解析：根据空后的“I got