人教版宾语从句第一第二单元语法教案

宾语从句第一，第二单元语法适用学科高中英语适用年级高一教材版本全国人教版课时2课时知识点that引导的宾语从句，特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句，whether/if引导的宾语从句教学目标掌握宾语从句的概念及其识别要领。学会使用正确的引导词连接相应的宾语从句教学重点宾语从句引导词的选择教学难点关系词的选择教学过程1、 课堂导入 学习了这单元的课本内容之后，我们对一些重点知识点有了基本了解，接下来这堂课我们将重点讲解本单元涉及的重点语法知识点宾语从句。初中阶段已经涉及到这个语法点，高中我们将进一步深入讲解。二、复习预习在老师的带领下复习上节课的内容。1、本单元重点单词1. upset adj. 心烦意乱的，不安的；不适的 vt. (upset, upset) 2. concern v. 担忧; 涉及; 关系到 n. 担心，关注；（利害）关系3. settle vt. 安家； 定居；停留vt. 使定居，安家；解决4. suffer vt.& vi.遭受；忍受；经历 5. disagree vt. 不同意2、本单元重点词组 1.add up合计 2.go through 经历；经受 3.on purpose 故意 4.get along with 与某人相处；(工作的) 进展5.in order to 为了3、本单元重点句子 1. Mother asked her if / whether she was very hot with so many clothes on. 2. I dont set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do 3. it was the first time in a year and a half that Id seen the night face to face.三、知识讲解考点易错点1、宾语从句的定义： 关于宾语1. 宾语是动作的承受者，一般放在及物动词后面。如：Our team beat all the others.我们的球队打败了所有其他球队。2.有时为了强调，宾语也可以放在句首，如：Two weeks you shall have .你可以有两周的时间。3.名词作宾语 Face the facts!4.代词作宾语 They wont hurt us.5. 数词作宾语 If you add 5 to 5, you get 10宾语是句子的一个重要成分，它可以由名词、代词、名词短语或句子充当。当一个句子充当宾语时， 这个句子就叫做宾语从句。考点易错点2、宾语从句的结构形式 宾语从句结构 1、主句+ that（无词义，可省略）+从句（陈述句语序） 2、主句+ whether / if （是否）+从句（陈述句语序） 3、主句+疑问词+从句（陈述句语序） 考点易错点3：宾语从句的引导词引导宾语从句的引导词按所引导的句子结构特点可以分为三类。1、that 引导的宾语从句原句如果是陈述句，变宾语从句时要用 that 引导，that 无实义，只起到引导的作用。在口语和非正式文体中常可省略。如:(1)I think (that) I can sell newspapers. 我想我可以卖报纸。 (2) I know (that) he is a Canadian athlete. 我知道他是一名加拿大运动员。 (3) Do you think (that) the children need to write. 你认为孩子们需要写一首歌吗？ (4 )Maria says (that) she doesnt like the uniforms. 玛丽亚说她不喜欢校服。2、whether/if引导的宾语从句原句若是一般疑问句，变宾语从句时用whether /if 引导，whether /if意为“是否”。如： (1)I want to know whether / if people will leave as soon as they finish eating in western countries. 我想知道西方国家的人是否是一吃完饭就离开。 (2)Could you tell me if /whether its polite to speak loudly at the table ? 你能不能告诉我吃饭时大声讲话是否有礼貌？ (3) I dont know if/whether you are right. 我不知道你是否正确。注意：whether/if 引导的宾语从句用法区别用whether /if “是否”引导的宾语从句，通常情况下whether /if 可以互换。但以下情况 whether 不能 用if 换：（1）Whether后面紧跟有or not时。如：I dont know whether or not it rains. 我不知道是否会下雨。I wonder whether we stay or whether we go我不知道我们是去还是留。（2）在介词之后用whether。如：Im interested in whether he likes English我关心的是他是否喜欢英语。I worry about whether I hurt her feelings我担心是否伤了她的感情。（3）在不定式前用whether。如：He hasnt decided whether to visit the old man他尚未决定是否拜访那位老人。I dont know whether to go我不知去否。He hasnt decided whether to go by bus or by train他还未决定是乘公共汽车去还是坐火车去。（4）whether 引导主语从句位于句首首时。如：Whether they will go by air or by train hasnt decided. 他们是乘飞机去还是乘火车去还没有定下来。（5）有些动词 (如：discuss) 后面只能跟whether，不能跟if。 如：We discussed whether we should let him join our team.我们商量是否让他加入我们队。（6）whether 可以与虚词it连用，并可引导不定式，但if 不能这样用。 如：Its not clear whether he will be able to come。他是否会来还不清楚（7）引导主语从句和表语从句时宜用whether。如：Whether she will come or not is still a question她是否能来还是个问题。The question is whether we can catch the bus问题是我们能否赶上公共汽车。（8）若用if会引起歧义时，则用whether。如：Please let me know if you like the book可理解为：aPlease let me know whether you like the book请告诉我你是否喜欢这本书。bIf you like the book，please let me know你如果喜欢这本书，请告诉我。3、特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句原句如果是特殊疑问句，变宾语从句时要用特殊疑问词引导。疑问词包括疑问代词（what, which, who, whose) 和疑问副词（when, how, where, why)。 如：Do you know who that man is over there ? 你知道那边那个人是谁吗？You may ask what North American people wear on special days.你也许会问北美洲的人在特殊的日子里穿什么衣服。I ask Tom which Chinese dish is his favorite.我问汤姆他最喜欢的是那一道中国菜。I dont know who will come to the English corner.我不知道谁会来英语角。Can you tell me how you deal with the problem ? 你能告诉我你怎样解决这个问题吗？Can you tell me where they are ?你能告诉我他们在哪里吗 ?I ask him why his hot dogs are so popular. 我问他为什么他的热狗这么受欢迎。考点易错点4：宾语从句的语序 宾语从句的语序一定要使用陈述句语序。根据连接词在从句中所担任的不同成分，可分为以下四种：（1）连接词谓语。连接词在从句中作主语。常见的连接词有： who，what，which等。如：Could you tell me who knows the answer，please？你能告诉我谁知道答案吗？The small children dont know what is in their stockings这些小孩子不知道袜子里有什么东西？（2）连接词名词谓语。连接词在从句中作主语的定语。常见的连接词有：whose，what，which，how many，how much等。如：He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class.他问我们班上谁的书法最好。The teacher asked us how many people there were in the room老师问我们房间里有多少人。（3）连接词主语谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语、状语或表语。常见的连接词有：who（m），what，which，how many，how much， when，why，how，where，if whether（在句中不充当任何成分）等。如：He hasnt decided if hell go on a trip to Wuxi他还没决定是否去无锡旅行。Could you tell me what I should do with the money ？你能告诉我我如何处理这笔钱吗？（4）连接词名词主语谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语或表语的定语。常见的连接词有：what，which，how many，how much，how等。如：Do you know which class he is in ？你知道他在哪个班吗？She asked me if I knew whose pen it was她问我是否知道这是谁的钢笔。考点易错点5：宾语从句主句与从句时态一致的问题（1）如果主句是一般现在时，从句可根据需要选用相应的任何时态。如： I dont know when he will come back我不知道他将何时回来。He tells me that his sister came back yesterday他告诉我他姐姐昨天回来了。（2）如果主句是过去时，宾语从句只可根据需要选用过去时态即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时或过去完成时的某一种形式。如：The children didnt know who he was孩子们不知道他是谁。He asked his father how it happened他问他父亲这件事是如何发生的。（3）如果宾语从句所表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等，不管主句用什么时态，从句时态都用一般现在时。如：The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun老师说地球绕着太阳转。三、例题精析【例题1】【题干】 改为含有宾语从句的复合句： “My father works in a bank,” Zhang Hui says. Zhang Hui says his father in a bank. 【答案】that ；workshop 【解析】由that引导的宾语从句，无意义，只起连接作用，在口语或非正式文体中常被省略。【例题2】 【题干】改为含有宾语从句的复合句： “Do you have any rooms to rent?” she asked me. She asked me I any rooms to rent. 【答案】whether/if；had 【解析】当从句由一般疑问句变化而来时，要用连词if或whether引导，表示选择，意为“是否”。【例题3】 【题干】根据汉语完成英语句子： 告诉我你是什么意思。 Tell me . 出租车司机问我想去哪里。 The taxi driver asked me to go. 【答案】what you mean; where I want to go 【解析】由连接代词who / whom / which / what / whose或连接副词when / where / why / how引导的宾语 从句，连接词在从句中都充当一定的句子成分，不可省略。【例题4】 【题干】判断句子的正误并改正： I dont know who is he talking to. 【答案】I dont know who he is talking to. 【解析】在含有宾语从句的复合句中，宾语从句必须用陈述语序。即：连接词主语谓语其他。【例题5】 【题干】用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空：来源:学,科,网 David says he （like）Chinese food very much. I know that you （have）a meeting next week. 【答案】likes; will have 【解析】如果主句是一般现在时，从句的谓语动词可根据实际情况选用所需的时态。课堂运用【基础】1.Have you decided _for Australia?A. when will you leave B. when do you leaveC. you will leave when D. when you will leave【答案】D 你决定什么时候去澳大利亚了吗？宾语从句用陈述语序。2.Can you tell me _ ?A. where does Tom live B. where Tom lived C. Tom lives where D. where Tom lives【答案】D宾语从句用陈述语序，where作从句的宾语。3.The old man asked me _ .A. where was the cinema B. where is the cinemaC. where the cinema was D. where was the way to the cinema【答案】C宾语从句用陈述语序，where表示地点。4.I think _ you will like him. A. that B. if C. why D. how【答案】A if表示选择，我想你是否将喜欢他。5.I didnt know _ he will come or not. A. that B. whether C. weather D. how【答案】B 有or not， 所以用whether.6.I wonder _ .A. how much cost these shoes B. how much do these shoes costC. how much these shoes cost D. how much are these shoes cost【答案】C 宾语从句用陈述语序.7.She asked me _ . A. who he was B. who was he C. who is he D. who he is【答案】A宾语从句用陈述语序,who 作从句的宾语。8.Ask him _.A. whose cup this is B. whose cup is this C. this is whose cup D. whose is this cup【答案】A whose是所有格，所以后面要有一个名词，整体做从句的宾语。9.I dont know _ .A. what time the movie starts B. what time starts the movieC. the time to start the movie D. the movie what time starts【答案】A 宾语从句用陈述语序。10.The doctor asked me how long _ .A. was I ill B. have I been ill C. I have been ill D. I had been ill【答案】D 主句是过去时，从句也要用过去相应的时态，医生问我之前我已经病了，所以用过去完成时态。【巩固】11.The weather forecast doesnt say _.A. if it rains tomorrow B. if does it rain tomorrowC. if it will rain tomorrow D. if will it rain tomorrow【答案】C. if连接宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述语序。12.Do you know _?A. whose pen is this B. whose pen this isC. whom does the pen belong to D. whom the pen belong to【答案】B. whose是所有格，所以后面要有一个名词，整体做从句的宾语。13.Could you tell me where _?A. the tape was B. was the tape C. the tape is D. is the tape【答案】C 宾语从句用陈述语序。14.They want to know _?A. where is the hospital B. how old are youC. when the train will leave D. why is the boy crying【答案】C宾语从句用陈述语序，时态不受限制。15.Tony wanted to know _.A. what had Father Christmas put in his stocking B. when Father Christmas had put in his stockingC. what Father Christmas had put in his stockingD. where Father Christmas had put in his stocking【答案】C 主句用一般过去时，从句要用过去相应的时态，因为圣诞老人是之前就把礼物放进袜子里了，所以用过去完成时态。【拔高】16.No one knows _ the professor will come to our school tomorrow to give us a talk or not. A. when B. whether C. where D. if【答案】B 有or not就用whether.17.July didnt know_.A. where is Tims father B. when was the first watch madeC. who the old man is D. what was wrong with her watch【答案】D 宾语从句用陈述语序, 主句用一般过去时，从句要用过去相应的时态。18.No one told us _, so we need your help.A. how should we do B. what we should doC. what to do D. what should we do【答案】B 没有人告诉我们应该做什么，所以我们需要你的帮助。宾语从句用陈述语序，如果选B就是没有人做什么，us后面是宾语从句，而us是宾格不能作从句的主语，所以 C选项缺少宾语从句的主语，应选B.19.We dont know _ with the rubbish and it pollutes out land and sea.A. how do it B. how to do C. what do it D. what to do【答案】D我们不知道用垃圾做什么并且垃圾污染陆地和海洋。What做to do 的宾语。20.He asked me _.A. whether I find out the sender of the money B. whether did I find out the sender of the moneyC. whether the sender of the money found out D. whether I found out the sender of the money【答案】D 宾语从句用陈述语序，他问我是否我能找出寄钱的人，主句用过去时态，从句用过去相应的时态。21. Did you hear _? A. what did I say B. what I said C. I said what D. what I say 【答案】B 宾语从句用陈述语序，what作从句的宾语。22. Can you tell me _? A. which class you are in B. which class are you in C. you are in which class D. are you in which class 【答案】A宾语从句用陈述语序，哪一个班，所以用which class.23. -Excuse me. Could you tell me _? - Certainly. A. when can I get to the station B. I can get to which station C. which station can I get to D. how I can get to the station 【答案】D 你能告诉我怎样可以去车站，当然可以。宾语从句用陈述语序，怎样用how.24. Could you tell me where _ yesterday? A. did you go B. you go C. you have gone D. you went 【答案】D宾语从句用陈述语序。25. Tom asked me _. A. whose shirt was this B. whose shirt this was C. who shirt was this D. who shirt this was 【答案】B宾语从句用陈述语序，谁的衬衫用表示所有格的whose，后面需要跟名词。课堂小结：本节课重点围绕宾语从句的概念、识别、引导词用法等进行了讲解和分析，主要使同学们通过学习全面掌握宾语从句各方面知识，达到灵活运用的目的。区分引导词的用法和各自特点，并且和定语从句区分开来，综合把握初中阶段从句的知识。4、 课堂运用【基础】1. Excuse me, could you tell me _? A. wheres the teachers office B. wheres the bus station C. whats she doing D. where the post office is 【答案】D宾语从句用陈述语序，邮局在哪儿，需用表示地点的where.2. I want to see Mrs. Wang , but I dont know _. A. she lives where B. she where livesC. where she lives D. where does she live 【答案】C 我想去看王夫人，但是我不知道她住在哪里。宾语从句用陈述语序。3. - Go and ask Mr. White for help. - But I dont know _. A. where does he live B. where he lives C. where is he living D. he lives there 【答案】B宾语从句用陈述语序4. - Can you tell me _? - Yes, he lives in a small town. A. where he lives B. who is singing C. when he will leave D. what he said 【答案】A宾语从句用陈述语序，主句用一般现在时，从句根据实际情况用相应的时态，他住在哪里应用一般现在时态，是现在的一种状态。5. Have you decided _ for London? A. when will you leave B. when you will leave C. when are you going D. when you are going 【答案】B 你还没有决定什么时候去伦敦吗？宾语从句用陈述语序，因为是你打算去伦敦，现在并没有在伦敦，或是已经去过了，所以从句用一般将来时。6. Excuse me. Could you tell me _our tickets? A. where do we show B. where shall we show C. where did we show D. where we shall show 【答案】D 不好意思打扰了，你能告诉我，我们将在哪儿检票呢？宾语从句用陈述语序，主语是第一人称，所以可以用shall+动词原形。7. - What are you interested in about cooking food? - We are all interested in _. A. how egg is fried B. how is egg friedC. How egg fries D. how does egg fry 【答案】A 鸡蛋是怎样被煎的，所以用被动语态，宾语从句用陈述语序。8. Do you know _? A. what it is B. what is it C. who is he D. whose name is it 【答案】A宾语从句用陈述语序。9. Do you know _? A. whose book is this B. whose book this is C. this book is whose D. whos book this is 【答案】B 你知道这是谁的书吗？宾语从句用陈述语序，谁的书用所有格whose ,后加名词book.10. I dont know _ now. A. where is my cat B. my cat is where C. where my cat is D. where my cat 【答案】C 我现在不知道我的猫在哪里。宾语从句用陈述语序。【巩固】1. I dont know _ he will come tomorrow. _ he comes, Ill tell you A. if; Whether B. whether; Whether C. if; That D. if; If 【答案】D. 前一个if引导宾语从句，表示选择“是否”，后一个if引导的是条件状语从句表示将来的动作，所以用主将从现。2. I dont know _ the day after tomorrow. A. when does he come B. how will he come C. if he comes D. whether hell come 【答案】D. 我不知道后天他是否回来，宾语从句用陈述语序。3. Could you tell me _the nearest hospital is? A. what B. how C. whether D. where 【答案】D. where表示地点，最近的医院在哪里。4. Could you tell me _ the radio without any help? A. how did he mend B. what did he mend C. how he mended D. what he mended 【答案】C 宾语从句用陈述语序，已经说了是修理录音机，所以不用what, 而用how.5. I want to know _. A. whom is she looking after B. whom she is looking C. whom is she looking D. whom she is looking after 【答案】D宾语从句用陈述语序，whom作照顾的宾语。6. Do you know where _ now? A. he lives B. does he live C. he lived D. did he live 【答案】A 主句用现在时态，从句不受限制，住在哪里用一般现在时，宾语从句用陈述语序。7. Do you know what time _?A. the train leave B. does the train leave C. will the train leave D. the train leaves 【答案】D宾语从句用陈述语序，从句是客观事实，用一般现在时。8. I dont know _. Can you tell me, please? A. how the two players are old B. how old are the two players C. the two players are how old D. how old the two players are 【答案】D宾语从句用陈述语序。9. The small children dont know _. A. what is their stockings in B. what is in their stockings C. where is their stockings in D. what in their stockings 【答案】B宾语从句用陈述语序，what在从句中做主语。10. I cant understand _. A. what does Christmas mean B. what Christmas does mean C. what mean Christmas does D. what Christmas means 【答案】D 宾语从句用陈述语序，what在从句中做宾语。【拔高】1. Some of my friends are interesting in science, but none of them can tell _. . A. when UFOs will appear next time B. why do horses know the way C. where was this kind of plant found D. how do elephants communicate【答案】A. 我的一些朋友对自然科学感兴趣，但他们谁也讲不出下次不明飞行物出现的时间。宾语从句应该用陈述语序。2. -What time will Mr. Brown be back to China? -Sorry. I dont know _. . A. when did he go abroad B. why he is going abroad C. how soon will he be back D. how long he will stay abroad【答案】D.布朗先生什么时候回中国？抱歉。我不知道他会在国外待多久。宾语从句应该用陈述语序。3. -May I come in ? Im sorry I am late. -Come in, please. But could you please tell me _. ? A. why you are late again B. what were you doing then C. who you talked with D. how do you come to school【答案】A. 我可以进来吗？很抱歉我迟到了。请进，但请你告诉我为什么又迟到了吗？宾语从句应该用陈述语序。 4. -Could you please tell me _. ? -Bus No.32 will take you right there. A. where is Henan Museum B. what Henan Museum is like C. how can I get to Henan Mus