形容词最后定稿修改.ppt

中考英语,中考形容词和副词考点分析与突破,知识网络,ZHISHIWANGLUO,A. 形容词知识网络图,形容词,等级,指示形容词、数量形容词 形容词物代、叙述形容词,定语、表语、 宾语补足语、状语、 名词化的形容词,一般位置 形容词的后置,变化形式 比较等级的用法,规则变化 不规则变化,基本用法 特殊用法,位置,作用,分类,一、形容词的种类 指示形容词: this, that , these, and those 数量形容词: some, any, little, few, many, and much 形容词物代: my, your, his, her, its, our, and their 叙述形容词: good, bad, happy, long, and expensive,二、形容词的用法 1. 形容词可以作定语。例如: There are some beautiful flowers in the garden. 2. 形容词可以作表语。 通常用在be, keep, get, become, turn, stay, seem, look, taste, sound, feel, smell, appear等连系动词之后。例如: I think this story is very interesting. This piece of music sounds very beautiful.,3. 少数形容词只能作表语,不能作定语。 它们是： ill, alone, asleep, afraid, awake, alive, worth, glad, unable等。 例如: (正) a lonely man(一个孤独的人), (误) an alone man; (正) a sick man(一个病人), (误) an ill man; (正) a sleeping boy(一个睡着的男孩), (误) an asleep boy。,4. 少数形容词只能作定语,不能作表语。 他们是: little, live, elder, eldest 。 例如: (正) My elder brother is a doctor. (误) My brother is elder than I. (正) This is a little house. (误) The house is little. (正) Do you want live fish or dead one? (误) The old monkey is still live.,5. 形容词作宾语补足语。例如: The boy kept the door closed. 6. “the+形容词”, 表示一类人或事物,相当于名 词复数。这样的词有:young/old; poor/rich; healthy/sick; black/white; living/dead; good/bad; blind/deaf。例如: We should speak to the old politely. The rich are not always happy.,7. 形容词有时也可作状语或补语 例如: Please speak loud and clear. The soldiers spent three days in the cold weather, cold and hungry.,三、形容词的位置 1. 单个形容词修饰名词时，通常放在它所修饰的名词的前面。他们的前面常常带有冠词、形容词物主代词、指示代词、数词等。例如: a red flower this interesting story six blind men my own house,2.形容词后置。形容词与不定代词something, anything, nothing, everything等连用时,需后置,放在这些词之后。例如: There is nothing difficult in the world if you put your heart into it. 世上无难事,只怕有心人。 3. 与表示度量、空间的词语连用时,形容词要放 在它所修饰的词语后面。例如: This classroom is about 12 meters long。,4. 多个形容词修饰一名词时，一般按下列词序排列： 缩略记忆：限观形龄色国材 趣味记忆：县官行令谢国材 具体我们来看它们都代表什么,“县”（限）代表限定词，包括冠词、指示代词、 形容词性物主代词、名词所有格、数词等。 “官”（观）代表表示观点的描绘性的形容词， 如：fine beautiful, intersting. “行”（形）代表表示大小、长短、高低及形状的 形容词如:big/small, long/short/tall等。 “令”（龄）代表表示年龄、新旧的形容词 . “谢”（色）代表表示颜色的形容词，如：red等。 “国”表示国籍、地区、出处的形容词。 “材”表示物质、材料的词，如stone,wooden等。,缩略记忆: 限观形龄色国材 趣味记忆: 县官行令谢国材 例如: 一张小圆桌a small round table 一幢高大的白色建筑物 a tall white building 一件又脏又旧的黑色衬衣 a dirty old black shirt 他的那辆新的大型黑色外国轿车 his large new black foreign car 四、形容词的比较等级构成和用法 （ 放在重难点里讲）,副词,等级,变化形式,比较等级的用法,B.副词知识网络图,一、副词的分类 常见副词分类如下: 方式副词:well, fast, slowly, carefully, quickly 程度副词: very, much, almost, rather, quite, enough 地点副词: here, there, home, somewhere, out, abroad,时间副词: today, early, soon, now, then, still, recently. 频度副词: usually, seldom, never sometimes, always, often. 否定副词: no, not, neither, nor. 疑问副词: where, how, why. 其他: also, too, only.,二、副词的用法 1.副词用作状语。通常修饰动词、形容词、其它副词或整个句子。例如: He studies hard. （修饰动词） This pair of trousers is too expensive. Luckily, the driver was not badly hurt . 2.副词用作表语。例如: He was here a moment ago.,3.副词用作定语。一般后置。 例如: The two students there are from Australia. Life here is full of joy. 4. 副词用作宾语补足语。 例如: Let them in, please. Her mother kept her away from school.,三、副词的位置 1. 地点副词、时间副词和方式副词一般置句尾。 例如: We went shopping in the supermarket at 10 a.m. last Sunday. What were you doing in the classroom yesterday? 有时间有地点时,地点在前,时间在后。 有时表强调,时间副词也可放句首。例如: Yesterday I went to see my grandmother.,2. always, usually, never, ever, sometimes often,等频率词,放在行为动词之前,情态动词、 助动词之后。 例如: I always remember the day when I came to this school. They can often go swimming in the lake nearby.,3. 程度副词作状语的两种情况 （1）修饰动词时与频度副词一样。例如: They almost caught that thief just now. （ 2 ）修饰形容词和其它副词时，一般放在被修饰的词之前。例如： He studied English very hard. This story is very interesting . 但enough 除外(后面我们专门讲)。,四、副词的比较等级构成和用法 (放在重点里讲),重难点突破,ZHONGNANDIANTUPO,1.比较等级是如何变化的? (1) 规则形容词、副词,一、形容词、副词的比较等级,(2)不规则变化,2.如何使用比较等级？,简单说来,不比较时用原级；二者比较,用比较 级；三者或三者以上比较用最高级。,举例: （1）不比较时用原级。 He studies very hard. His English is quite good. Your bike is as new as mine. My friend Li Lei doesnt run as fast as I . This story is not as/so interesting as that one. （2）两者进行比较。 My shirt is much cheaper than yours. John is drawing more carefully than Li Lei.,（3）表示越来越,两个相同的比较级用加起来。 例如: He is growing taller and taller. China is becoming more and more beautiful now. （4）当甲事物随着乙事物变化时,用“the+比较级, the+比较级”。 例如: The busier he is, the happier he feels. The more books we read, the cleverer we will become.,（5）形容词的最高级及句型“one of the+形容词的最高级+名词复数” 表示“最之一”。 例如: He is the tallest in his class. Tom jumped (the) farthest of all the boys. Beijing is one of the largest cities in China. This is one of the most interesting books that Ive read.,3.特别提醒注意。 (1)形容词、副词比较级前可加程度副词、数量词 组、表倍数的词等修饰。 这些词是： much, a lot, far, a little, a bit, even, no, rather, any, still, two meters, twice等。 例如: This room is three times bigger than that one. She dances far more beautifully than you.,(2) 形容词比较级也可以用句型“the+比较级+of the two” 两者中较的。 例如: Look at the two boys. My brother is the taller of the two. This coat is the cheaper of the two.,(3) 最高级可以用原级,比较级,最高级来表示。 最高级: He is the tallest in his class. 比较级: He is taller than any other student in his class. 注意：any other student =the other students = anyone/anybody else 原级: No other student in his class is as tall as he.,二、部分形容词、副词精讲: 1. sleepy 与asleep的区别 sleepy：困乏的、想睡觉的 asleep: 睡着的、熟睡的 例如: Are you sleepy at this time of the day? The baby fell asleep as soon as his mother left.,2. enough 的用法 enough作副词时,用在形容词、副词之后； enough用作形容词时,放在名词前或后都可以。 例如: He is strong enough to lift the heavy box. The man has got enough money to buy a car. (or: money enough),3. already与yet的区别 already用于肯定句句中,表示“已经”; yet用于否定句句末,表示“还”,用于疑问句句末, 表示“已经” 例如: He had already left when I called. Have you found your ruler yet? I havent finished my homework yet. 注意: already还可以表示惊奇,惊讶等语气, 常用于疑问句句末。例如: Has your son gone to school already ? (表示很惊讶),4. very, much和very much的区别 very用于修饰形容词或副词的原级； much用于修饰形容词或副词的比较级； 修饰动词要用very much. 例如: John is very honest.约翰非常诚实。 This garden is much bigger than that one. 这个花园比那个大的多。 Thank you very much. 非常感谢你。,5.频度副词的比例表 always100%, usually80%, often70%60%, sometimes, at times30%40%, seldom, hardly ever5%, never0% 假若我们以一周为一个周期，那么，这些副词在一周中发生的频率大致如下：,6. also, too, as well与either的区别 also, as well, too,用于肯定句, also常用于be动词,情态动词,助动词之后,行为动词之前； as well, too用于句末； either用于否定句中,置于句末。,例如： My father is a teacher. My mother is also a teacher. =My father is a teacher. My mother is a teacher as well. =My father is a teacher. My mother is a teacher, too. I cant speak French. Jenny cant speak French, either.,7. sometime, sometimes, some time与some times的区别 sometime : 某一时间,某一时刻,可指将来时, 也可指过去时 sometimes : 有时,不时的 some time : 一段时间 some times: 几次,几倍,例如: Well have a test sometime next month. Sometimes we are busy and sometimes we are not. He stayed in Beijing for some time last year. I have been to Beijing some times.,8. 英语中,一些现在分词和过去分词都可用作形容词 。但他们在使用上是有区别的。 现在分词通常有“令人感到”的意思,而 过去分词则有“人对某物感到” 的意思。 这些词有surprising，surprised, moving， moved, exciting；excited, tiring，tired等。 例如： This story is interesting. We are interested in this story .,典型题精讲,DIANXINGTIJINGJIANG,英语形容词、副词的考查热点： 1.考查形容词、副词原级,比较等级的各种句型。 2.形容词作定语的位置以及易混淆的形容词用法辨析等。 3.对副词的考查涉及常用副词的用法、易混淆的副词用法辨析等。,1.How_the boys are! (08 陕西) Yes. They won the game this afternoon. A. exciting B. excitement C. excite D. excited 2.Do you know the final of mens single will be played between Wang Liqin and Ma Lin. Yes, I felt _ when I heard the _ news. (07黄冈) A. exciting; excited B. excited; exciting C. exciting; exciting D. excited; excited,3. Our family has bought a car so we can travel _ than before. (08 陕西) A. most easily B. less easily C. easily D. more easily 4. We all love Miss Yang. She always makes her history class very _. (07 重庆市) A. interest B. interests C. interesting D. interested 5. The food on the plate smells_. You cant eat it. (07 乌兰察布) A. delicious B. well C. bad D. badly,6. Jin Yong is one of the greatest and oldest _writers. He is still _. (07镇江) A. living; alive B. living; living C. alive; living 7. Can I help you? Well Im afraid the bag is _heavy for you, but thanks all the same. (07南通) A. so B. too C. quite D. very,8. Of all the sports shoes, John bought _ pair. Then he had some money for socks. (07 成都) A. a cheaper B. the most wonderful C. the least expensive,9. Dont believe the advertisement. That kind of camera is _ it says. (07河北) A. as good as B. not as good as C. as well as D. not as well as 10. English is one of _ important subjects in our school. (07济南) A. most B.