动词ing的用法总结.ppt

,动词-ing形式 的用法,现在分词与动名词的基本形式你知道吗？,那么简单，谁不知道。是由动词末尾加 -ing 形式构成，因此又叫动词的 -ing 形式。 V+-ing,The ing form 构成： 1.一般情况 rain- 2.以e结尾的动词 hope- 3.重读闭音节的动词 stop- 4.以ie结尾的动词 die- lie- tie-,raining,hoping,stopping,dying,lying,tying,千万要注意V-ing形式的规则哟！,不能单独作谓语，没有人称和数的变化，可以有自己的宾语和状语。还有时态和语态的变化。,归纳总结： 动词-ing是_中的一种，单独使用时，能在句中做除_之外的任何其他句子成分。如：主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾补等。 在语态上，动词-ing表示_（主动/被动的动作。在时间上，动词-ing一般表示_（正在进行/已经完成）的动作。,动词非谓语形式,谓语,主动,正在进行,时 态 和 语 态,一般式与完成式的时间意义,1. Looking carefully at the ground, I made my way to the edge of the crater.,2. Having experienced quite a few earthquakes in Hawaii already, I didnt take much notice.,ing形式的完成式所表示的时间在谓语动词之前,ing形式的一般式所表示的时间与谓语动词无明显的先后顺序,作主语：动名词,Teaching is my full-time job.,Writing an English composition is not easy. Its useless taking this kind of medicine.,归纳：常用-ing形式作主语的句型有： It +be +a waste of time doing 做是浪费时间的 It is/was no good/use doing 做是没益/用处的 It is/was hardly/scarcely worth doing 做不值得 It is/was worth/worthwhile doing 做是值得的 There is no doing 无法 ， 不允许,There is no sense in doing 做、没有道理 There is/was no use doing 干、无意义 There is/was nothing worse than doing 没有比、更糟的 There is/was no point doing 干、无意义 我们不知道要去哪儿。 There was no knowing where we would go. 做这件傻事毫无意义。 There is no point doing such a silly thing.,和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的。 It is useless trying to argue with Shylock 这事值得去做。 Its worth making the effort 若要人不知，除非己莫为。 There is no hiding of evil but not to do it 这种事开不得玩笑。 Here is no joking about such matter.,作表语,（1）动名词 My job is teaching. = Teaching is my job. Her full-time job is laying eggs. =Laying eggs is her full-time job.,（2）现在分词 The play is exciting. Exciting is the play. The story he told us was very interesting. Interesting was the story he told us.,作宾语,1.只接动名词的动词：,避免错过少延期 avoid/ miss/ delay/ postpone 建议完成多练习 suggest/advise/finish/complete/ practice 喜欢想象禁不住 enjoy/ imagine/ cant help 承认否定与嫉妒 admit/ deny/ envy 逃避冒险莫宽恕 escape/ risk/ forgive/ excuse 忍受保持不介意 stand/ keep/ mind 允许感激和考虑 allow/ permit/ appreciate/ consider 明白鼓励要禁止 understand/ encourage/ forbid,2. 意义一致,Like/ hate/ begin/ start/ love/ continue/ prefer,Like to do 具体的将来的一次的 Like doing 习惯性经常性的 I like playing football. I like to play football this afternoon.,3. 意义不一致,remember/ forget/ regret I forgot to post your letter. 未做 I forgot posting your letter. 做了,B. mean/ try Mean to do 打算 mean doing 意味着 Try to do 努力 try doing 试着,C. stop/ go on stop to do 另一件 stop doing 同一件,D. need/ want/ require The flowers need watering. Doing 用主动 The flowers need to be watered. to be done用被动,接动名词作宾语的词组有： admit to preferto be used to lead to devote oneself to stick to look forward to (to为介词） no good, no use, Its worth, as well as, cant help, Its no use /good be tired of be fond of be afraid of be proud of hold off put off keep on insist on set about be successful in good at take up give up prevent from think of / about,作宾语补足语：现在分词,I heard the girl singing in the classroom.,I noticed a long queue outside the bank waiting for it to open. The baby watched his dad shaving his face with great interest.,能跟现在分词作宾语补足语的常见动词有这些，看看有什么好方法可以将它们记住： make、let、have、look at、see、watch、hear、listen to、notice、feel。 “三让、三看、两听、注意感觉”。,动名词作定语表示性质或用途。 a washing machine a machine for washing a swimming pool a pool for swimming This is a new washing machine.,作定语,作定语,现在分词作定语表示动作。如果是单词，放在被修饰的名词前；如果是短语，放就放在被修饰的名词之后。 a developing country a country which is developing a sleeping boy a boy who is sleeping The man talking with my father is Mr. Wang. China is a developing country.,作 状 语,现在分词作状语。表时间、原因、条件、结果、伴随（方式）等。,Hearing the cry for help, he rushed out.（时间）,Being ill, he went home. （原因）,European football is played in 80 countries, making it the most popular sport in the world. (NMET 98)（结果）,He read a magazine waiting for the bus.（伴随）,Seeing from the hill, you can get the whole town.(条件）,Looking carefully at the ground, I made my way to the edge of the crater.,Having experienced quite a few earthquakes in Hawaii already, I didnt take much notice.,The ing form used as an adverbial.,Having + past participle (the perfect -ing form) to refer to an action that took place before the time expressed by main verb.,观察下列2个句子, 体会having done与doing的不同的用法 (1) Having written the letter, John went to the post office. (2) Seeing the beautiful sight, the children felt excited. 总结: ,V-ing,doing,having done,表动作有先有后,表动作同时发生,一般式,完成式,1.分词(短语)作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。如果不一致，必须用独立主格结构来表示，也就是在分词前面加上它的逻辑主语。,1. Comparing all the great people with each other, youll find that they have much in common. 2. Finding her car stolen, she hurried to a policeman for help. 3. The train having gone, we had to wait another day.,分析:前两例中,-ing形式的逻辑主语均为主句的主语。最后一例中having gone的逻辑主语是 the train。,其基本结构是:not + -ing形式,无论在完成式还是被动式里,not必须置于-ing形式之前。如: Not having finished his homework, the boy was still doing it in the classroom.,2. -ing形式的否定式。,根据这个性质,我们在使用-ing形式作状语时,切记不要在前面或后面的句子前用连词连接。如: Walking on the fallen leaves in autumn, so youll feel very comfortable.(),3. -ing形式(短语)的功能有时相当于一个状语从句。,分析:如前所述,-ing形式短语相当于一个状语从句,所以后半句中的连词so的使用是错误的,应该去掉。 原句应改为: Walking on the fallen leaves in