高二新人教版英语选修8课件Unit2Cloning第4课时Usinglanguag.ppt

.词汇： 根据提示写出相应单词。 1_(v.) 打；撞击；罢工_(过去式)_(过去分词) 2_(adj.)虚荣的；自负的；徒劳的_(n.)自负；虚荣心；无意义 3_(vt.)抵抗、对抗_(n.)_(adj.) 4_(adv.)仅；只；不过_(adj.) 5_(n.)装饰_(vt.),6_(vt.)崇拜；爱幕；喜爱_(n.)崇拜者；赞美者；热爱者 7_(adj.)合情理的；讲道理的；公道的_(n.)理由；道理 8_(n.)假定；设想_(v.) 9_(vi.)退休_(n.),答案：1.strike; struck; struck/stricken 2.vain; vainty 3resist; resistance; resistant 4.merely; mere 5.decoration; decorate 6.adore; adorer 7.reasonable; reason 8.assumption; assume 9.retire; retirement,.短语： 1strike._ones heart 使刻骨铭心 2from time_time 不时地；偶尔 3bring back_life使复兴；使复活 4_vain 白费力气；枉费心机 5(be)_good/poor condition 状况良好/不好 6owe._. 欠，把归功于 7(be)_to(do)一定或注定(做) 答案：1.into 2.to 3.to 4.in 5.in 6.to 7.bound,1strike(v.) 1)撞；碰；撞击；碰撞 She fell, striking her head against the side of the boat. 她摔倒时头撞在船舷上。 2)打；击 One man was struck on the head with a stick. 一名男子头部遭到棍击。 3)击打，踢(球等) He struck the ball into the back of the net. 他射出的球直入网底。,4)(想法，念头)突然想到；一下子想起；猛地意识到 An idea suddenly struck me. 我心中忽然产生了一个念头。 5)sb(as sth)给(某人以)印象；让(某人)觉得 How does the idea strike you? 你感觉那主意怎么样？ 6)(疾病，灾难)侵袭；爆发 The area was struck/hit by an outbreak of cholera. 那一地区爆发了霍乱。 7)(钟)敲，鸣，报时 The clock struck nine. 钟敲了九下。,8)罢工 The workers were striking because they wanted more money. 工人们在罢工，因为他们要求增加工资。 9)擦，划(火柴)；击出火星 The matches were damp and he couldnt make them strike. 火柴受潮了，他划不着。,【知识拓展】 1)be struck by/on/with sb/sth 被某人(或某物)打动；迷恋某人(或某物) I was struck by her beauty. 她的美貌给我留下了深刻的印象。 2)on the strike 罢工；处于工作停顿状态的 Most of the employees were on strike. 许多雇员在罢工。 3)o ones heart 使刻骨铭心 The ghost story struck fear into the hearts of the children. 那个鬼故事使孩子们心惊肉跳。,4)It strikes me that. 我觉得； 我的印象是 It suddenly struck me that we ought to make a new plan. 我突然想到， 我们应该制订一个新的方案。 5)Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁 He should strike while the iron is hot. 他应该趁热打铁。,【词语辨析】 strike, hit, beat, knock 这些动词均含有“打”之意。 1)strike普通用词，多指急速或突然一次猛击。 Ive struck my foot on a stone. 我把脚踢在石头上了。 2)hit普通用词，比较口语化，常与strike换用，侧重有目标的猛击，强调用力击中。 The stone hit the window. 石头打中了窗户。,3)beat普通用词，含义广泛，指连续打击。游戏、竞赛或战争中作 “打败”解。 The rain was beating against the window. 雨击打在窗上。 4)knock 侧重用拳头或硬物敲打。 As the man came near, the prisoner knocked him to the ground with a sharp blow. 当这个人走近时，战俘猛地一拳将他打翻在地。,【知识运用】 (1)(河南省信阳市2010届高三第二次调研考试)Very often, it_me that I have left the key indoors when Im about to lock the door. Astrikes Breminds Coccurs Dmentions 答案：A 本题题意：一直以来， 我在锁门的时候才会想起把钥匙忘在室内了。It strikes me that. 表示“我觉得；我的印象是”。,(2)Audiences and critics were_by its originality, vitality, and excitement of the Beijing Olympic opening ceremony. Ahappened Breflected Coccurred Dstruck 答案：D 本题题意：北京奥运会开幕式是那样地别开生面，生气勃勃，激动人心，观众和评论家无不为之倾倒。strike表示“给(某人以)印象；让(某人)觉得”。,(3)(原创)It was a bitter sweet moment, only her family and few close friends knew that Engrid had been _with the cancer the year before. Aknocked Bstruck Cbeat Dhurt 答案：B 本题题意：这是个悲喜交加的时刻，只有她的家人和几个亲近的朋友知道：在这前一年英格利患了癌症。strike表示“(疾病，灾难)侵袭；爆发”。,(4)(原创)Mr. Lin shook his head and sighed, but Shousheng, on hearing these words, was suddenly _with a bright idea. Ahit Baroused Coccurred Dstruck 答案：D 本题题意：林先生摇头叹气。 寿生听了这话，猛的想起了一个好办法。strike表示“(想法，念头) 突然想到；一下子想起；猛地意识到”。,(5)采用strike, hit, beat或 knock的适当形式填空： We played the top class at football but we couldnt_them. The bullet_the police officer in the shoulder. It suddenly_me how we could improve the situation. She_some nails into the wall. The silence around_fear into him.,答案： beat 我们踢足球是一流水平， 但是我们不能战胜他们。 hit 枪射中了警官的肩膀。 struck 我突然想到一个办法可以让我们改进这种局面。 knocked 她把一些钉子钉在墙上。 struck 四周的静寂使他心里很害怕。,2resist(v.) 1)抵制；阻挡 They are determined to resist pressure to change the law. 他们决心顶住要求改革法律的呼声。 2)反抗；回击；抵抗 If the enemy continue to resist, wipe them out. 如果敌人继续抵抗，就把他们消灭掉。 3)(通常用于否定句)忍住；抵挡 I was unable to resist laughing. 我忍不住笑了。,4)使不受的伤害；抗(伤害) A healthy body resists disease. 健康的身体能抵御疾病。,【知识运用】 (1) (原创)They will be able to look for plants with the right qualities to _new diseases and the effects of climate change. Aresist Bboycott Crefuse Dreject 答案：A 本题题意：他们可以寻找具有良好性状的品种来抗病或应对气候的变化。resist表示“使不受的伤害；抗(伤害)”。,(2)(原创)He was a brilliant man but he was ahead of his time and his theories were _by his contemporaries. Aaccepted Badmitted Crejected Dresisted 答案：C 本题题意：他是一位杰出人才，但他的思想很超前，因此他的理论受到了同代人的排斥。reject表示“拒绝接受(某人/某事物)”。,(3) (原创)They looked so beautiful in the moonlight that the soldier could not resist _one with him for memory. Ato have taken Bto take Ctaking Dbeing taken 答案：C 本题题意：在月光下它们显得煞是好看，以致于士兵忍不住想摘一片回去作纪念。resist通常用于否定句，表示“忍住；抵挡”，后接名词或动名词担任宾语。,3reasonable(adj.) 1)(to do sth)公平的；合理的；有理由的；明智的 No reasonable person could refuse. 凡是明事理的人都不会拒绝此事。 2)可以接受的；合乎情理的；公道的 He gave me a reasonable explanation. 他对我作了合理的解释。 3)不太贵的；公道的 Ten pounds for a good dictionary seems reasonable enough. 花十镑买一部好词典算是够公道的了。,【词语辨析】 reasonable, sensible 这两个形容词均有“明智的，合情合理的”之意。 1)reasonable一般不十分着重推理的能力，而往往用来表示合乎情理、公正或务实。 His conclusion certainly sounded reasonable. 他的结论听起来确实有一定的道理。 2)sensible一般指合乎常情、切合实际的行为与思想，侧重明白事理。 It was sensible of you to lock the door. 你把门锁上了， 做得对。,【知识运用】 (1)It is_to assume that he knew beforehand that this would happen. Apractical Bsensible Creasonable Dsensitive 答案：C 本题题意：有理由认为他事先就知道会发生这样的事。reasonable表示“可以接受的；合乎情理的；公道的”。,(2)Are you_of the dangers of your position? Apractical Bsensible Creasonable Dsensitive 答案：B 本题题意：你觉察出你处境中的危险了吗？ be sensible of sth(be aware of sth)表示“觉察到某事物”。,(3)(原创)It is _to believe that the disabled cause will be increasingly recognized and supported as Chinas overall national strength escalates. Areasonable Bpotential Cfavorable Dpractical 答案：A 本题题意：有理由相信，随着中国综合国力的逐步增强，残疾人事业将得到越来越多的重视与支持。reasonable表示“(指情感 见解等)合情理的， 不荒谬的， 合逻辑的”。,1from time to time 不时；有时；偶尔；间或 I only go to the cinema from time to time. 我只是偶尔去看看电影。 He went fishing from time to time. 他不时去钓鱼。,【知识拓展】 1)once in a while 有时，偶尔 Theatre tickets are expensive so we only go to the theatre once in a while. 戏票很贵，所以我们只是偶尔去看一场戏。 2)at times 有时 He behaves very oddly at times, I dont think hes quite all there. 他有时很怪我觉得他头脑不太正常。 3)now and then时而，不时地 In summer I go swimming in the Lijang River now and then. 夏天我经常到漓江去游泳。,【知识运用】 (1)We get letters from our uncle_. Afrom time to time Bfor some time Cat a time Dfor the time being 答案：A 本题题意：我们不时收到叔叔的来信。from time to time表示“不时；有时；偶尔；间或”。,(2)(2006江西33) Experts have been warning_of the health risks caused by passive smoking. Aat a time Bat one time Cfor some time Dfor the time 答案：C 本题题意：专家告诫人们被动吸烟危害健康已有些时日了。for some time表示“一段时间；有些时日”。,(3)(原创)They sat about in a circle, passing the canteen _and talking in slow indifferent voice. Aon the other hand Bfor one thing Con the contrary Dfrom time to time 答案：D 本题题意：他们坐成一圈，一边依次传酒，一边懒声怠气地说些闲话。from time to time表示“不时；有时；偶尔；间或”。,2bring.(back)to life使复生；使苏醒 They brought the drowned swimmer back to life. 他们使溺水的游泳者苏醒过来。 The doctor brought the patient to life. 医生使病人醒过来了。,【知识运用】 (1)In this story, Shakespeare was brought back to_but lived out of order in modern society. Aenergy Bstrength Clife Dpower 答案：C 本题题意：在这个故事中，莎士比亚复活了，但却在现代社会中处处碰壁。bring.(back)to life 表示“使复生；使苏醒”。,(2)It was said that she was as effective as god，_the dying back to life. Abringing Btaking Ccarrying Dfetching 答案：A 本题题意：据说她是个妙手回春的民间医生。bring.(back)to life表示“使复生；使苏醒”。,(3) (原创)Painters and workers had to be very careful when they were trying to bring the city back to _. Aappearance Bconstruction Catmosphere Dlife 答案：D 本题题意：画家和工匠在努力使城市恢复生机时必须小心认真。bring.(back) to life表示“使复生；使苏醒”。,3in vain 枉费心机；徒劳无益；白费力气 They tried in vain to persuade her to go. 他们极力劝说她去，但枉费了一番口舌。 All our efforts were in vain. 我们所有的努力都付诸东流。,【知识运用】 (1)(2009湖北30) His efforts to raise money for his program were_because no one showed any intention to take a cent out of their pockets. Ain place Bin sight Cin effect Din vain 答案：D 本题题意：他为自己的项目筹款的努力付诸东流了，因为没有人愿意掏腰包。in vain表示“枉费心机；徒劳无益；白费力气”。,(2)We tried_to make him change his mind. Ain public Bin return Cin vain Din turn 答案：C 本题题意：我们试图使他改变主意， 结果是白费心机。in vain表示“枉费心机；徒劳无益；白费力气”。,(3) (原创)They tried in every way they knew to bring her back to _， but _. Aenergy; in vain Blife; in vain Cenergy; in short Dlife; in short 答案：B 本题题意：他们试尽了每一种方法想使她醒过来，但却徒劳无功。bring.(back) to life表示“使复生；使苏醒”。in vain表示“枉费心机；徒劳无益；白费力气”。,1Diversity in a group means having animals with their genes arranged in different ways. 群体的多样性是指这群动物的基因要以不同的方式排列。 【知识剖析】 with their genes arranged in different ways 为with的复合结构，在句中担任定语，修饰名词animals.“with宾语宾语补足语”所构成的复合结构在句中可以担任定语或状语；作状语时表示伴随情况或者原因。此外，在“with宾语宾语补足语”结构中，补足语成分可以是现在分词、过去分词、不定式，介词短语或形容词。,1)with 宾语 现在分词(短语) When mother went into the house, she found her baby was sleeping in bed, with his lips moving. 当妈妈走进房子的时候，她发现自己的孩子正睡在床上，嘴唇一直在动。 My aunt lives in the room with the windows facing south. 我姑妈住在那间窗户朝南开的房间。,2)with宾语 过去分词(短语) With more and more forests damaged，some animals and plants are facing the danger of dying out. 由于越来越多的森林遭到破坏，一些动植物正面临着灭绝的危险。 With his legs broken, he had to lie in bed for a long time. 他双腿都断了，只得长时间躺在床上。,3)with宾语不定式(短语) With so many children to look after, the nurse is busy all the time. 有这么多的孩子需要照顾，保育员一直都很忙。 With a lot of papers to correct, Mr. Li didnt attend the party. 李老师有许多试卷需要批改，所以没有参加聚会。 With Li Ping to help us，Im sure we can finish our task. 有李平来帮助我们，我敢肯定我们一定能提前完成任务。,4)with宾语副词 You should read with the radio off. 在看书的时候应该把收音机关掉。 With the temperature up, we had to open all the windows. 气温上升，我们不得不打开所有的窗户。 5)with宾语形容词 With the window open, I felt a bit cold. 窗户开着，我感到有点冷。 It was cold outside, the boy ran into the room with his nose red. 外面天气很冷，那个男孩跑进屋子时，鼻子红红的。,6)with宾语介词短语 The woman with a baby in her arms is getting on the bus. 怀里抱着婴儿的那位妇女正在上车。 John starts to work very clearly in the morning and goes on working until late in the afternoon with a break at midday. 约翰早上开始工作，中午稍作休息后又接着工作到下午稍晚些时候。,【知识运用】 (1)(2010山东29) The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already_for a meal to be cooked. Alaid Blaying Cto lay Dbeing laid 答案：A 本题题意：客厅干净、整洁，已经摆放了准备煮饭的餐桌。本题考查with复合结构的用法。名词table与动作lay(搁放)之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，采用过去分词形式，表示动作上“被动”以及时间概念上的“完成”。,(2)(原创)With the project _， our understanding will deepen. Ago on Bgoing on Cto go on Dgone on 答案：B 本题题意：随着项目的进行，我们的理解也加深了。本题考查with的复合结构。动作正在发生，采用现在分词短语担任补足语。,(3)(原创)With so much work_， we had to sit up through the night. Ato do Bdone Cdoing Dbeing done 答案：A 本题题意：有这么多工作要做，我们不得不彻夜不眠。本题考查with的复合结构。根据句意可知，工作正在进行，但还没有完成，排除选项C以及选项D。此外，动作do虽然与名词work之间存在逻辑上的“动宾”关系，但由于句子的主语we恰好是动作do的执行者，所以不定式采用主动形式表示被动含义。,(4)(原创)Mr. Miller stood looking at the picture _tears in his eyes. Abeyond Bthrough Cacross Dwith 答案：D 本题题意：米勒先生站着看那幅画，他的眼眶中含着泪水。本题考查with的复合结构。,(5)(原创)Doctor Manette sat down, with his eyes looking around, and his lips_. Atrembled Btrembling Cto tremble Dbeing trembled 答案：B 本题题意：曼内特医生坐下，眼睛四面望着，嘴唇发抖。本题考查with的复合结构。采用现在分词表示一个与谓语动作同时发生的动作。注意：并列谓语通常表示主语所发出的，在时间上存在先后顺序的一系列动作，因此排除选项A。,(6)(原创)Fortunately, however, I took no steps, for looking up I saw that the older man was standing in the doorway, with his eyes _upon me. Afixing Bfixed Cto fix Dbeing fixed 答案：B 本题题意：不过，幸而我还没有动，因为我一抬头就看到那年纪大的人站在门口，虎视眈眈地盯着我。fix sth onsb/sth 表示“集中(目光，注意力、思想等)于”，动作fix与所修饰的词之间存在逻辑上的“动宾”关系，采用过去分词形式担任补足语。,2So the chances of dinosaurs ever returning to the earth is merely a dream! 所以说恐龙回归地球的可能性仅仅是个梦想罢了！ 【知识剖析】 dinosaurs ever returning to the earth 为“动名词的复合结构”，在句中作介词of的宾语。动名词带上自己的逻辑主语，就构成了动名词的复合结构。其逻辑主语一般由物主代词、名词所有格、人称代词的宾格和名词来充当。在口语中，物主代词和名词所有格可分别由人称代词的宾格或名词代替。在句中可以担任主语、宾语或表语。例如：,Would you mind my/me opening the window? 我打开窗子你介意吗？ He insisted on his sons/his son going to college. 他坚持让他儿子上大学。,【知识拓展】 1)动名词复合结构作主语或动名词本身为being时，用“物主代词/名词所有格ving.” Marys coming late made her teacher Mr. Smith quite angry. 玛丽的迟到使她的老师史密斯先生非常生气。 2)动名词的逻辑主语为无生命的东西时，用“普通格ving.” Is there any hope of our team winning the game? 我们的球队有获胜的希望吗？,3)有生命的名词但表示泛指意义，用“普通格ving.” Have you ever heard of women playing football? 你听说过妇女踢足球的事吗？ 4)两个以上的有生命的名词并列时，用“普通格ving.” Do you remember my brother and me coming to see you the other day? 你记得我弟弟和我前几天来看你那件事吗？,5)动名词的逻辑主语为复数名词时，用“普通格ving.” There are many reasons for animals dying out. 动物灭绝有多种原因。 6)动名词的逻辑主语被其他成分说明或修饰时，用“普通格Ving.” Have you heard of Miss Gao, our English teacher, going to the USA? 你听说我们的英语教师高老师要去美国吗？,【知识运用】 (1)(2006陕西13)It is difficult to imagine his_the decision without any