国中小英语写作课程发展及设计.ppt

國中小英語寫作課程發展及設計,國立成功大學外文系 閔慧慈 .tw,九年一貫英文課程綱要,目標: 聽說讀寫基本能力 思考問題: 一) 國中小學生在英文科目“寫”這一技巧 上應具備那些能力？ 二) 英語教師應具備哪些知識，俾能設計出溝通式寫作教學活動，以培養訓練學生寫作技巧?,學齡前幼童英語書寫能力發展六大階段,Scribble Prephonemic stage Early phonemic Letter-name stage Transitional stage Conventional (引自Sulzby Weaver, 1988),Preparing Students for Writing,1. Using print in the classroom: Students need to explore the ways that print informs, entertains, displays intentions, and enhances learning. 2. Writing daily: drawing, creative spelling are acceptable 3. Promoting discussion prior to writing: various types of lists and labels for objects are an important source for beginning students. 4. Tapping student interest: strike a balance between curriculum and student needs 5. Providing reasons for writing,What is a Communicative Writing Activity?,It is a writing activity that is purposeful authentic meaningful contextualized,國小學生應具備之英文寫的技巧,認識辨別英文印刷體大小寫(recognition and identification of English print letters, both upper and lower) 英文印刷體大小寫之模寫(trace)書寫(copy) 簡易英文單字之書寫 (names) 簡易英文句子之書寫(No running. ) 英文標點符號之運用,Recognition & Identification of English Letters,1.Searching capitals (evaluation) 2.Examining typographical conventions (g,g,g,g,g,g,g) 3.Look for signs that show English letters 3.Coloring & Matching 4.Remembering & Matching 5.Punctuation and capitals,Copying,1.Overwriting 2.Delayed copying 3.Making word lists 4.Select & copy 5.Personalizing the course book 6.Creative copying (Who wants to eat like the English teacher?) 7.Copy & Correct: find a text which contains a number of examples of obviously bizarre English and ask students to correct them.,Writing Words & Sentences,1. Spell with a difference 2. Listing: enabling students to write a fully punctuated text about a topic of interest to themselves. -We want to have good grades. -Then you need to work hard, go to bed late, etc. 3.Consequences:,Writing Words & Sentences (Cont.),Ask students to write a story of seven sentences -Dictate This story took place in .(place) -Dictate It was a . day (weather) -On one side there was (name, a famous person) -Nearby was (name, another famous person) -He said to her, “” -She replied to him, “” -The consequence was .,國中學生應具備之英文寫的技巧,Controlled writing (unscramble sentences, fill-in exercise, dictation,), picture writing Fee writing:pre-writing activities (talking about the subject, compose word stars, vocabulary charts, topic vocabulary, dialogues) Communicative writing: e-mail writing, note writing, thank-you note, leave of absence, invitation (communicative writing activities),Controlled Writing,1)unscramble words E.g., meet/at/we/my house/could 2)substitute pronouns (change “he” into “I” ) E.g., Yesterday was Bills birthday. His mom and dad threw him a birthday party. Many of his friends were at the party. They played games, sang songs, blew candles and ate the birthday cake. Bill got a lot of gifts. He had a great time. 3)fill-in exercise,Controlled Writing (Cont.),I like_. I dont like_. I hate _. I enjoy_. Question: How can you turn one of the controlled exercises into a contextualized one which is purposeful and meaningful to your students?,Controlled Writing (Cont.),4)dictation E.g., Puss is my cat. He is an unusual cat. He likes to play with dogs and run after motorcycles. 5)poem writing E.g.,Controlled Writing (Cont.),6) picture writing E.g., This is _. He i