上肢骨解剖课件

上肢骨解剖,第四次课 袁亮,肩胛骨,桡骨,尺骨,锁骨,肱骨,上肢骨,腕骨,掌骨,指骨,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,上肢骨,上肢骨共有64块，分为上肢带骨和自由上肢骨。前者有锁骨和肩胛骨，后者包括臂部的肱骨、前臂部并列的尺骨、桡骨及手的8块腕骨、5块掌骨和14块指骨。,1锁骨,属于长骨，位于胸廓前上方，呈“S”字形，分为两端一体。内侧端三分之二向前突，外侧三分之一向后突。内侧粗大，为胸骨端，外侧扁平为肩峰端，借关节面与肩胛骨的肩峰相关节。其全长在胸前上方可以摸到 。,2肩胛骨,为三角形扁骨，位于胸廓背面脊柱的两侧。有三角、三个缘和两个面 。,三个角,上角位于肩胛骨的内上方，平对第二肋。外侧角位于骨的外上方，较厚，其外侧面有一梨形光滑的关节面，叫做关节盂，与肱骨头共同构成肩关节。盂的上下方各有一隆起，称为盂上结节和盂下结节。下角位于骨的下端，与第七肋或第七肋间隙同高。,三个缘,内侧缘朝向脊柱，又名脊柱缘。 外侧缘较肥厚，对向腋窝，又名腋缘。 上缘薄锐，其外侧端有一切迹，称为肩胛切迹。切迹的外侧有一伸向上前外方的骨突，形如鸟嘴，叫做喙突。,两个面,肩胛骨的前面为大而浅的肩胛下窝。 背面有一从内侧向外上方斜行并逐渐隆起的骨嵴，称为肩胛冈，将背面分为上小下大的两个窝，分别叫做冈上窝和冈下窝。 肩胛冈的外侧端高耸，叫做肩峰，其内侧缘关节面与锁骨肩峰端构成肩锁关节。,3肱骨,是上臂部的长管状骨，分为一体两端。上端膨大，向内上方突出的半球形的关节面，叫做肱骨头。与肩胛骨的关节盂相关节。从头向外侧突出一个粗涩的隆起，叫做大结节。肱骨头的下方有向前方的骨突，叫做小结节。由大、小结节向下延续的骨嵴，分别叫做大结节嵴与小结节嵴。大、小结节及嵴之间的沟称为结节间沟，内有肱二头肌长头腱通过。,下端膨大，前后略扁。外侧部较小，呈半球形，叫做肱骨小头，与桡骨头上面的窝相关节。内侧部较大。为一滑车状关节面，故名肱骨滑车，与尺骨滑车（半月）切迹相关节。下端前面在滑车上方有一冠突窝，下端后面在滑车上方有一深窝叫鹰嘴窝，下端的两侧面各有一结节样隆起，分别叫做内上髁和外上髁。,肱骨主要结构 上大下小两个头， 小头推着滑车走。 解剖外科两个颈， 骨折快往外科走。 尺桡两个神经沟， 同名神经沟内走。,肩峰,上角,下角,喙突,肩胛切迹,冈上窝,冈下窝,肩胛冈,肩胛下窝,关节盂,大结节,小结节,肱骨头,解剖颈 外科颈,桡神经沟,肱骨小头,内侧髁,尺神经沟,肱骨滑车,鹰嘴窝,外侧髁,4、尺骨,位于前臂内侧，分为两端一体上端粗大，前面有一半月形的关节面，叫做滑车切迹，与肱骨滑车相关节。切迹后上方的突起为鹰嘴，前下方的突起为冠突。冠突的前下方有一粗糙隆起，叫做尺骨粗隆。冠突的外侧面有一关节面，称为桡骨切迹。,5、桡骨,位于前臂外侧，分为一体和两端。上端形成扁圆形的桡骨头，头的上面有凹陷的桡骨头凹，与肱骨小头相关节。桡骨头周缘有环状关节面，与尺骨的桡切迹相关节。桡骨头下方光滑缩细为桡骨颈，颈的内下方有一较大的粗糙隆起名桡骨粗隆，是肱二头肌的抵止处。,手骨整体观,6、腕骨,腕骨是短骨，位于手骨的近侧部，共有8块，分为两列，每列各4块，均以其形状命名。近侧列由桡侧向尺侧依次是舟骨、月骨、三角骨和豌豆骨；远侧列为大多角骨、小多角骨、头状骨和钩骨。 舟月三角豆 大小头状钩,7、掌骨,掌骨共5块，为小型长骨，由桡侧向尺侧依次为第15掌骨。掌骨也分一体两端，近侧端称为底，与远侧列腕骨相关节，远侧端为掌骨小头，呈球形，与指骨相关节。,指骨拇指为2节，其余各指均有3节指骨，由近侧向远侧依次为第1节指骨（近节指骨），第2节指骨（中节指骨），第3节指骨（远节指骨）。 指骨也是小型长骨，每节指骨也分底、体、小头三部。近节指骨底为卵圆形凹陷的关节面，与掌骨小头相关节。小头的关节面呈滑车形式，称指骨滑车，与中节的指骨底相关节。末节指骨的远侧端稍膨大且粗糙，名甲粗隆。,8、指骨,Thank You!,,How do I incorporate my logo to a slide that will apply to all the other slides? On the View menu, point to Master, and then click Slide Master or Notes Master. Change images to the one you like, then it will apply to all the other slides., Image information in product Title Image : , CD : 133 HER THINGS(imageDJ) Note to customers : This image has been licensed to be used within this PowerPoint template only. You may not extract the image for any other use.,ThemeGallery is a Design Digital Content & Contents mall developed by Guild Design Inc.,Description of the contents,Description of the contents,Description of the contents,Description of the contents,Description of the contents,ThemeGallery is a Design Digital Content & Contents mall developed by Guild Design Inc.,Title,Title,Title,Description of the contents,Description of the contents,Description of the contents,- ThemeGallery is a Design Digital Content & Contents mall developed by Guild Design Inc.,- ThemeGallery is a Design Digital Content & Contents mall developed by Guild Design Inc.,- ThemeGallery is a Design Digital Content & Contents mall developed by Guild Design Inc.,Description of the companys sub contents,Description of the companys sub contents,Description of the companys sub contents,Title,Description of the sub contents,Description of the sub contents Description of the sub contents,Description of the sub contents,Description of the sub contents Description of the sub contents,ThemeGallery is a Design Digital Content & Contents mall developed by Guild Design Inc.,Title,Title,Title,feature 01,feature 02,55%,16%,45%,41%,16%,50%,A product,B product,C product,Contents ThemeGallery is a Design Digital Content & Contents mall developed by Guild Design Inc.,Growth,Start,Jump,2008 2007 2006,2005 2004 2003,2002 2001 2000,Description of the contents Description of the contents Description of the contents,Description of the contents Description of the contents Description of the contents,Description of the contents Description of the contents Description of the contents,2000,2004,2008,“ThemeGallery is a Design Digital Content & Contents mall developed by Guild Design Inc.”,“ThemeGallery is a Design Digital Content & Contents mall developed by Guild Design Inc.”,“ThemeGallery is a Design Digital Content & Contents mall developed by Guild Design Inc.”,Text in here,Description of the contents,Description of the contents,ThemeGallery is a Design Digital Content & Contents mall developed by Guild Design Inc.,ThemeGallery is a Design Digital Content & Contents mall developed by Guild Design Inc.,Text in here,Text in here,2000,2002,2004,2006,2008,2010,Description of the contents,Description of the contents,90% Text in here,155% Text in here,contents,contents,ThemeGallery is a Design Digital Content & Contents mall developed by Guild Design Inc.,ThemeGallery is a Design Digital Content & Contents mall developed by Guild Design Inc.,ThemeGallery is a Design Digital Content & Contents mall developed by Guild Design Inc.,ThemeGallery is a Design Digital Content & Contents mall developed by Guild Design Inc.,ThemeGallery is a Design Digital Content & Contents mall developed by Guild Design Inc.,Text in here,Text in here,Text in here,Text in here,Description of the contents,Text in here,ThemeGallery is a Design Digital Content & Contents mall developed by Guild Design Inc.,Text in here,ThemeGallery is a Design Digital Content & Contents mall developed by Guild Design Inc.,Text in here,ThemeGallery is a Design Digital Content & Contents mall developed by Guild Design Inc.,Text in here,ThemeGallery is a Design Digital Content & Contents mall developed by Guild Design Inc.,Description of the contents,ThemeGallery is a Design Digital Content & Contents mall developed by Guild Design Inc. Description of the business Description of the business Description of the business,Image Info www.wizdata.co.kr Note to customers : This image has been licensed to be used within this PowerPoint template only. You may not extract the image for any other use.,ThemeGallery is a Design Digital Content & Contents mall developed by Guild Design Inc.,Title in here,Title in here,Title in here,Title in here,A,B,C,D,Title in here,Description of the contents Description of the contents,ThemeGallery is a Design Digital Content & Contents mall developed by Guild Design Inc.,Description of the contents Description of the contents,ThemeGallery is a Design Digital Content & Contents mall developed by Guild Design Inc.,Text in here,Text in here,Text in here,Text in here,Text in here,Text in here,Text in here,Text in here,Description of the contents,Description of the contents,Description of the contents,Description of the contents,Description of the contents,Description of the contents,Text in here,Text in here,Title in here,Company