甘肃省天水一中2018_2019学年高一英语上学期期末考试试卷（含解析）.docx

甘肃省天水一中2018-2019学年高一英语上学期期末考试试卷（含解析）满分： 100 分 时间： 90 分钟第I卷 选择题（共 50 分）.阅读理解（共 10 小题每小题 2 分，满分 20 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AIt is often necessary to release a fish, that is, set it free after catching, because it is too small, or you just dont want to take it home to eat. In some cases, releasing fish is a good measure that will help keep fish variety and build their population size. The Department of Game and Inland Fisheries (DGIF) encourages fishermen who practice catch-and-release fishing to use a few simple skills when doing so. The advice provided below will help make sure that the fish you release will survive to bite again another day.When catching a fish, play it quickly and keep the fish in the water as much as possible. Dont use a net in landing the fish and release it quickly to prevent it from dying.Hold the fish gently. Do not put your fingers in its eyes. Dont wipe the scales (鱼鳞) off the fish because it might cause it to develop a disease and reduce its chance of survival.Remove your hook (鱼钩) quickly. If the hook is too deep or hooked in the stomach, cut the line and leave the hook in. The hook left inside will cause no serious problem to the fish.Take good care of the fish by moving it gently in water. Release the fish when it begins to struggle and is able to swim.Do not hold fish in a bucket or some other containers and later decide to release it. If you are going to release a fish, do so right away.With a little care and by following the suggestions given above, you can give the released fish a better chance of survival.1. Which of the following will probably make a fish ill?A. Taking the hook off it. B. Removing its scales.C. Touching its eves. D. Holding it in your hand.2. A proper way to release a fish is to _.A. move it in water till it can swim B. take the hook out of its stomachC. keep it in a bucket for some time D. let it struggle a little in your hand3. What is the purpose of the text?A. To show how to enjoy fishing. B. To persuade people to fish less often.C. To encourage people to set fish free. D. To give advice on how to release fish.【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D【解析】【分析】本文为说明文。本文主要阐述如何提高钓到的小鱼的放养成活率。【1题详解】细节理解题。从文中第二条建议Dont wipe the scales (鱼鳞) off the fish because it might cause it to develop a disease and reduce its chance of survival.可知，刮掉鱼鳞会让鱼生病，减少成活的机会。故B选项正确。【2题详解】细节判断题。从第四条建议Release the fish when it begins to struggle and is able to swim.可知, 放生一条鱼的正确方法是把它放到水中，直到它会游泳。其余三种情况都是错误的做法。故A选项正确。【3题详解】推理判断题。从文章第一段最后一句The advice provided below will help make sure that the fish you release will survive (存活) to bite again another day.（中心句）及文章最后一段的总结句With a little care and by following the suggestions given above, you can give the released fish a better chance of survival.可知，写这篇文章的目的是就如何放养钓到的小鱼，使他们的成活率更高提出了一些建议。故D选项正确。【点睛】细节事实理解题主要考查考生对文章中某一些特定细节或文章的重要事实的理解能力。它一般包括直接理解题和语义理解题两种。直接理解题的答案与原文直接挂钩，从阅读材料中可以找到。此外，在阅读中可以使用定位法与跳读法解决细节理解题。定位法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息直接从原文中找到相应的句子(即定位)，然后进行比较和分析(尤其要注意一些同义转换)，从而找出正确答案。跳读法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息跳读原文，并找到相关的句子(有时可能是几个句子)或段落，然后进行分析和推理等，从而找出正确答案。以本文第1小题为例，本题运用定位法：我们根据题干Which of the following will probably make a fish ill?其关键词是ill，从而直接定位到含有ill的同义词disease的句子文中第二条建议Dont wipe the scales (鱼鳞) off the fish because it might cause it to develop a disease and reduce its chance of survival.可知，刮掉鱼鳞会让鱼生病，减少成活的机会。故B选项正确。BA famous doctor once received a little child who was badly ill. Thanks to his skill and care, his young patient got well and was soon able to get up and run about again.The childs mother was very much obliged to the doctor, and she called on him to thank him for what he had done for her child. Doctor, she said, you have saved my little son. I dont know how to thank you enough. I feel that money alone cannot repay you, so I have made this little purse with my own hands, as a sign of my gratitude. I hope you will accept it. The doctor stood up and said coldly, Madam, a little present like that is very nice between friends, but a doctor needs to be paid properly for what he has done. The lady was so surprised and hurt so much that she could not reply for a moment. Then she said quietly, Perhaps you will tell me how much your fee is?Fifty pounds, he answered.The lady opened the little purse and took out four fifty-pound bank notes. She handed one of them to the doctor, and put the other three back into the purse. She put the purse into her handbag and, saying good bye to the doctor, went out of the room.4. The lady was thankful to the doctor because .A. he had saved her life B. he had saved her sons lifeC. he had lent her some money D. he often called on her5. The doctor refused the ladys purse because he thought .A. the purse should be given between friendsB. the purse was too smallC. the lady was not kind to himD. the lady just gave him that purse and wouldnt give him the medical fee6. The money in the purse .A. was only 150 pounds B. was less than 200 poundsC. was much more than the medical fee D. was not enough for the medical fee7. How do you think the doctor would feel in the end?A. Sorry and worried. B. Regret and proud.C. Excited and proud. D. Sorry and regret.【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. D【解析】【分析】本文为记叙文。一位医生救活了一位女士的儿子，女士为了表示感激，亲手缝制了一个钱包，医生却嫌礼轻而拒绝了，殊不知里面装的是4张面值为五十英镑的钞票。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段his young patient got well and was soon able to get up and run about again 可知，女士很感激医生是因为医生救活了她的儿子。故B选项正确。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的The doctor stood up and said coldly “Madam a little present like that is very nice between friends but a doctor needs to be paid properly for what he has done.”可知，医生认为这位母亲打算用钱包来抵医药费，所以他拒绝了那个女士的钱包。故D选项正确。.【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的Fifty pounds, he answered.及第四段中的The lady opened the little purse and took out four fifty-pound bank notes. The lady opened the little purse and took out four fifty-pound bank notes可知，钱包里共有200英镑，足够支付医药费。故C选项正确。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据常识可以推知，当时那位医生肯定感到sorry（抱歉）也会因为没有得到其他3张钞票感到regret（后悔）。故D选项正确。【点睛】英语记叙文以描写叙述为主，主要描写人物、事件、地点、或过程特点是，其主题往往潜伏在字里行间，没有直接地表白出来；文章主旨要透过体察所揭示的人物、事件来进行提炼描写手法大多按时间跨度、空间顺序、上下顺序来展开阅读记叙文体应采取掠读和扫读的方法，快速抓住文中描写的主要内容，从整体上去把握文章的连贯性，进而大体上揣测出作者的写作意图及情感主线。高考阅读就记叙文设题大多以细节理解为主。如第2小题，The doctor refused the ladys purse because he thought (医生拒绝了女士的钱包，因为他认为_)，我们根据第二段中的The doctor stood up and said coldly “Madam a little present like that is very nice between friends but a doctor needs to be paid properly for what he has done.”可知，医生认为这位母亲打算用钱包来抵医药费，所以他拒绝了那个女士的钱包。故D选项正确。.CA new study, conducted by British company Mindlab International, has found that listening to music at work increases accuracy (精确) and speed, The Telegraph reported.Perhaps, some parents disagree with this idea, saying, Switch off the music and concentrate! Well, if thats the case with your parents, you might now be able to convince them that you have science on your side.The company gave 26 participants（参与者）a series of different tasks for five days in a row, including spell checking, mathematical word problems, data entry, and abstract reasoning. The participants completed these tasks while listening to music or no music at all.The results showed that while music was playing, 88% of participants produced their most accurate test results and 81% completed their fastest work. David Lewis, chairman of Mindlab International, told The Telegraph, Music is a very powerful management tool if you want to increase not only the efficiency of your workforce but also their emotional state. they are going to become more positive about the work.However, you may have a list of your favorite songs, but not all kinds of music match all homework. For maths or other subjects involving numbers or attention to detail, you should listen to classical music, the study found. In the study, pop music enabled participants to complete their tasks 58% faster than when listening to no music at all. If you are reviewing your English writing, pop music is the best choice, as it is the best kind for spell checking. It cut mistakes by 14%, compared to listening to no music. After finishing your homework, do you often take time to check your answers? Maybe, some dance music is suitable for you.8. What did the participants have to do in the study？A. Persuade their parents to listen to music.B. Do a series of work without rest or pause.C. Complete five tasks in five days without help.D. Finish tasks with music or without music at all.9. What does the underlined word they in Para 4 refer to？A. Results. B. Tools.C. Participants. D. Tests.10. What is the best title for the text?A. Music Helps Us to Learn B. We Cant Live Without MusicC. Not All Music Suits You D. Listen to Different Music【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A【解析】本文为说明文。通过科学研究表明，在学习的时候听音乐对你是有帮助的。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的The participants completed these tasks while listening to music or no music at all可知，参与者在听音乐和不听音乐的情况下完成这些任务。故D选项正确。【9题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线句前面提到的88% of participants produced their most accurate test results and 81% completed their fastest work（88%的参与者给出了他们最准确的测试结果，81%完成了他们最快的工作）可推知，此处they指代的就是参与者。故C选项正确。【10题详解】标题判断题。通读全文主要是第一段A new study, conducted by British company Mindlab International, has found that listening to music at work increases accuracy (精确) and speed, The Telegraph reported.可知，本文主要讲了通过科学研究表明，在学习的时候听音乐对你是有帮助的。故A选项正确。阅读七选五（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Kids and Food: Advice for ParentsIt is important for parents to know how to help their kids eat healthy. Here are a few easy ways:Parents control the supply lines. _11_ Though kids may keep asking for less nutritious foods, parents should decide which foods are regularly provided in the house. Kids wont go hungry. Theyll eat whats available in the fridge at home.Say goodbye to “clean-plate club”. _12_ Lots of parents grew up under the clean-plate rule, but that way doesnt help kids listen to their own bodies when they are full. When kids feel full, theyre likely to overeat._13_ Food preferences(喜好) are developed early in life, so try to offer different kinds of food. Likes and dislikes begin forming even when kids are babies. Parents may need to serve a new food on several different occasions(时机) for a child to accept it.Food is not love. Find better ways to say “I love you.” When foods are used to reward kids and show love, they may start to turn to food when feeling worried or unhappy. _14_Kids do as you do. _15_ When trying to teach good eating habits, try to set the best example.Choose nutritious food, eat at the table, and dont forget breakfast.A.Start them young.B.Rewrite the kids menu.C.Be a role model and eat healthy yourself.D.Offer praise and attention instead of food treats.E.Let kids stop eating when they feel theyve had enough.F.You decide which foods to buy and when to serve them.G.Let kids choose what to eat and how much of it they want.【答案】11. F 12. E 13. A 14. D 15. C【解析】本文是说明文。作者向父母们提出了几点建议以确保孩子吃得健康。【11题详解】由该段标题Parents control the supply lines和文中的parents should decide.in the house可知F项内容符合此处语境。故选F。【12题详解】由该段标题Say goodbye to the “cleanplate club”和文中的that way doesnt help.when they are full可知，如果孩子感觉吃饱了就不要再强迫他们非得把盘子里的食物吃光，这样对身体不好，故选E项。【13题详解】本段主要是说要帮助孩子从小养成不挑食的好习惯，故用A项作为小标题最恰当。故选A。【14题详解】由该段标题Food is not love和文中的When foods are used.feeling worried or unhappy可知，作者建议不要用食物作为奖励，而是应该给予表扬和关注，故选D项。 【15题详解】由该段标题Kids do as you do和文中的When trying to teach good eating habits，try to set the best example可知，要想培养孩子良好的饮食习惯，父母首先得以身作则，故选C项。答案为C。【名师点睛】七选五阅读题，有部分题出现在每一段的开始位置，若问题在段首，与后文可能是并列、转折、因果关系等。着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找 相关特征词。一般来说正确答案与它后面的一句话的在意思上是衔接的，所以通常情况下，这两句话中会 有某种的衔接手段。比如本题第2小题，由该段标题Say goodbye to the “cleanplate club”和文中的that way doesnt help.when they are full可知，如果孩子感觉吃饱了就不要再强迫他们非得把盘子里的食物吃光，这样对身体不好，故选E项。E. Let kids stop eating when they feel theyve had enough.当孩子感觉吃饱了让孩子停止吃。完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 20 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。I grew up in a small town and the main entertainment（娱乐）was Friday night high school football. It was just a sleepy little town where parents wanted to raise their children away from crime and_16_ of a big city, and where teenagers like me _17_ leaving to find something bigger and better.All that changed one summer night. My friend Lisa, Martin and Tyler held a party for my eighteenth birthday at Lisas house. _18_ they kept handing alcohol to me I was pretty _19_ . I asked Tyler to take me home. With some_20_, we made it out to his car and drove home. News came next morning. My friend Martin was_21_ in a car accident. That night after Tyler and I left, Martin, who was _22_ more drunk than me, got into his car and _23_ towards the highway to go home. Driving on the wrong side of the road, he never saw the truck coming. The driver didnt see him _24_ to avoid the car. They hit head on. Martin diedimmediately, and the driver was thrown_25_ the truck windshield（挡风玻璃）and died a week later.Whenever I_26_back on that day, I cant help thinking that it was my _27_ to drink so much that night. _28_ things would be different. I know Martin _29_ the choice to drink and drive that night, but a part of me will always feel_30_ for what happened.I may not change the world with my story, but I do hope that by _31_ my story I can make you_32_ that you not only have a responsibility for yourself but also for others. Dont ever think that your choices are yours_33_. Every choice is like a stone dropped into _34_watereach ripple (涟漪) _35_someone who your choice affects. Thats quite an influence, isnt it?16. A. death B. fashion C. danger D. challenge17. A. succeeded in B. agreed to C. applied for D. dreamed of18. A. When B. As C. While D. Although19. A. lost B. drunk C. frozen D. sleepy20. A. difficulty B. fun C. hope D. method21. A. died B. injured C. killed D. hurt22. A. constantly B. frequently C. equally D. clearly23. A. fled B. walked C. pushed D. headed24. A. in time B. in trouble C. in danger D. in place25. A. above B. below C. through D. into26. A. turn B. hold C. get D. look27. A. desire B. right C. fault D. chance28. A. Meanwhile B. However C. Therefore D. Otherwise29. A. made B. avoided C. regretted D. faced30. A. guilty B. disappointed C. happy D. embarrassed31. A. remembering B. sharing C. declaring D. stopping32. A. explain B. escape C. realize D. limit33. A. alone B. always C. finally D. perhaps34. A. clean B. still C. deep D. fresh35. A. inspires B. represents C. attracts D. benefits【答案】16. C 17. D 18. B 19. B 20. A 21. C 22. D 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. B【解析】试题分析：作者通过讲述自己和朋友们喝酒由于喝多了一个朋友出车祸死亡的故事，告诉我们每个人做的决定会影响到其他人，不要任性要对别人负责。【16题详解】C 考查名词。A. death死亡；B. fashion时尚；C. danger危险；D. challenge挑战。此处指我家乡的父母们想让孩子们远离犯罪和大城市的危险。根据句意选C.【17题详解】D 考查动词短语。A. succeeded in成功做某事；B. agreed to同意；C. applied for申请；D. dreamed of梦想。此处与上句形成对比，父母们不想让孩子们去大城市，而孩子们却梦想着离开家乡去更大更好的世界。故选D.【18题详解】B考查连词。A. When当时；B. As随着；C. While 然而；D. Although尽管。句意：随着他们不断地给我递酒我就喝多了。此处表示“随着”是一个递进的过程，故选B.【19题详解】B 考查形容词。A. lost迷失的；B. drunk喝多的；C. frozen冻僵的；D. sleepy困乏的。根据句意可知由于不断喝酒结果喝多了。故选B.【20题详解】A考查名词。A. difficulty困难；B. fun趣味；C. hope希望；D. method方法。此处指我喝多了，所以Tyler把我架上车有困难，故选A.【21题详解】C考查动词。A. died死亡；B. injured受伤；C. killed杀死；D. hurt伤害。此处指朋友Martin在车祸中死亡。下文叙述了事件的经过及Martin的死亡，故选C.【22题详解】D考查副词。A. constantly不断地；B. frequently频繁地；C. equally平等地；D. clearly显然地。句意：Martin显然比我喝的还多。根据下文描述看出他喝多了很明显，故选D.【23题详解】D考查动词。A. fled逃跑；B. walked走；C. pushed推；D. headed前进。Martin进入车中径直开向高速回家。此处指他直接前进，故选D.【24题详解】A 考查介词短语。A. in time及时；B. in trouble陷入困境；C. in danger处于危险中； D. in place在正确位置，准备妥当。Martin走错了路没看见对面开来的卡车，卡车司机没看见他没能及时躲开。此处指两车及时躲开，故选A.【25题详解】C 考查介词。A. above在上方；B. below在下方；C. through通过，穿过；D. into到里面，进入。此处指卡车司机通过挡风玻璃被甩出去，一周后死亡。根据句意及生活常识选C.【26题详解】D考查动词。A. turn转到；B. hold拿着；C. get得到；D. look看。此处是短语look back“回想”，故选D.【27题详解】C考查名词。A. desire愿望；B. right权利；C. fault过失；D. chance机会。句意：我禁不住想那天晚上是我的过失和那么多酒。此处表示作者自我责备，故选C.【28题详解】D考查副词。A. Meanwhile与此同时；B. However然而；C. Therefore因此；D. Otherwise否则。句意：否则事情就会是不一样的结果。表示与前面相反的结果。故选D.【29题详解】A考查动词。A. made制作；B. avoided避免；C. regretted后悔；D. faced面对。此处是短语make the choice“做决定”，指那天Martin决定喝酒和开车，故选A.【30题详解】A考查形容词。 A. guilty内疚的；B. disappointed失望的；C. sensitive敏感的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。此处指我总是为那天发生的事感到内疚。根据句意选A.【31题详解】B考查动词。A. remembering记住；B. sharing分享；C. declaring宣布；D. stopping停止。句意：我的故事可能不能改变世界，但是我真的希望通过分享我的故事使你意识到你不仅对自己还对别人有责任。此处指把我的故事写出来与大家共享，故选B.【32题详解】C考查动词。A. explain解释；B. escape逃跑；C. realize意识到；D. limit限制。此处指我真的希望通过分享我的故事使你意识到你不仅对自己还对别人有责任。根据句意选C.【33题详解】A考查副词。A. alone单独地；B. merely仅仅，只不过；C. finally最后；D. perhaps或许。不要以为你的决定就单独是你自己的事。其实许多时候还会涉及到别人。故选A.【34题详解】B考查形容词。A. clean干净的；B. still平静的；C. deep深的；D. fresh新鲜的。句意：每一个选择就像一块石头掉进了平静的水面。此处指平静的水，故选B.【35题详解】B考查动词。A. inspires鼓励；B. represents代表；C. attracts吸引；D. benefits收益。此处指石头在水中溅起的涟漪就代表你的决定影响到的人。根据句意及语境选B.考点：考查生活哲理类短文阅读。【名师点睛】完型填空题的命题特点及答题方法：1.侧重基础知识，考查学生语言知识的能力完型填空以文入手，结合文章的内容考查学生的基础知识，主要是词语搭配、固定句型、近义词辨析、辨析句子结构、掌握语法规则的能力，其中考查实词居多。2.上下文对照，考查学生捕捉关键词的能力解完型填空题时，需要注意句子间的关系及句子与段落的关系。所谓上下对照，即在上文和下文中找到与正确答案相同的关键词。因此，在做题时要边读边在大脑中储存上下文信息的能力，捕捉关键词。如第26小题考查动词。A. died死亡；B. injured受伤；C. killed杀死；D. hurt伤害。此处指朋友Martin在车祸中死亡。下文叙述了事件的经过及Martin的死亡，故选C.3.设置语境，考查学生的分析推理能力旨在考查学生在选项都符合语法及句子结构的情况下能否利用前后语境去推断出正确答案。如第40小题考查动词。A. inspires鼓励；B. represents代表；C. attracts吸引；D. benefits收益。此处指