2019高考英语一轮达标Unit5NelsonMandel_amodernhero练题含解析新人教版必修.docx

Nelson Mandel-a modern hero李仕才一、阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。In our everyday lives we meet situations in which we take many things for granted.We only treasure things when they are gone.This is a sad truth of human nature.One day，I found myself as a witness to a similar situation.One evening，I left work and boarded the train.After entering，I noticed something unusual.The center of the car had a few empty seats while both ends were crowded with people standing.I didnt pay much attention and sat down on one of the empty seats.I sensed a funny smell.It wasnt long before I noticed a homeless person sleeping on three seats in front of me.He was bleeding from his nose.Why wasnt anyone helping him?His clothes were torn and he was giving off a strange smell.Along with the smell，his eyes were dull，watery，and red.Occasionally he scratched himself and people looked at him as if he had committed a crime.As the train stopped at stations and more people came in they covered their noses and faced away from him.All the seats around him were empty.Suddenly，he began to swear at the people around him.A plainclothes police officer who looked like a construction worker took out his certificate and showed it to the homeless man.The officer，not wanting to touch the homeless man，told him his rights and directed him to exit the train.As the officer walked the man out of the train，the homeless man turned around and said“MY HOME！”and started crying.A man doesnt value things until they are gone.If he didnt have a home，at least he had freedom.Now he has neither.No one wants to help someone who wont help himself.1When entering the car，how did the author feel at first?AAnnoyed. BPuzzled.CSad. DCalm.2How did people react to the homeless man?AThey caught him and called the police.BThey covered him with clean clothes.CThey disliked and avoided him.DThey stared at him curiously.3It can be learned that the policeman _.Awas very rude to the manBsent the man back to his hometownCforced the man to leave the cityDwent off the train with the man4What does the author think of the homeless man?AHe is a loser of life.BHe is worth our respect.CHe is very funny.DHe is a fearless fighter.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。乘坐火车时，“我”发现了一个流浪汉，他衣衫褴褛，身上散发异味，乘客们避而远之。突然，他开始咒骂他周围的乘客。后来流浪汉被便衣警察带走，他不仅没有家，这一次还失去了自由。1B考查推理判断。根据第二段第三句“The center of the car had a few empty seats while both ends were crowded with people standing”可知，车厢中部有一些空座位，而两头却挤满了站着的人；据此可以判断，“我”感到很困惑，故B项正确。2C考查推理判断。根据第三段第三句“Occasionally he scratched himself and people looked at him as if he had committed a crime”可知，流浪汉偶尔抓挠自己，人们看着他，好像他曾经犯罪了一样；根据第二段第三句“The center of the car had a few empty seats while both ends were crowded with people standing”可知，车厢中部有一些空座位，而两头却挤满了站着的人；据此可以判断，人们不喜欢他，避免和他接触，故C项正确。3D考查细节理解。根据第四段最后一句中的“As the officer walked the man out of the train”可知，警官最后带着这个流浪汉走下了火车，故D项正确。4A考查推理判断。根据最后一段第二、第三句“If he didnt have a home，at least he had freedom.Now he has neither”可知，如果他没有家，至少他还有自由，如今他两个都没有了。据此可以判断，他是一个生活的失败者，故A项正确。二、单句语法填空1Now their peace talks have reached a key stage _ one side must give in to the other.答案：where当先行词是case, position, stage等抽象名词，且在从句中作状语，表示地点时，定语从句使用关系副词where来引导。2From my first job at the restaurant, I learned teamwork and _ (devote)答案：devotion由teamwork and可知，此处填名词devotion “奉献；忠诚”，作宾语。3When an animal is _ attack it can run away or fight back.答案：under under attack “受到攻击”。4She started singing to the baby and _ (reward) with a smile.答案：was rewardedreward sb. with a smile “对某人报以微笑”，根据句意可知，此处应为被动语态。5Although he made a serious mistake in his work, he was lucky to escape _ (fire) by his boss.答案：being firedescape being fired “免于被解雇”。6I have some trouble _ (read) the letter, because his handwriting is very bad.答案：(in) readinghave trouble (in) doing sth. “做某事有困难”。7In some places there are many laws against _ (cruel) to animals but few to protect children.答案：cruelty空前against是介词，因此本空填名词cruelty “残忍；残酷”。8Your teacher can give you _ (guide) on choosing a career and writing a job application.答案：guidancegive sb. guidance on . “给某人关于的指导或建议”，故此处填名词guidance “指导”。9_ (educate) usually refers to teaching people various subjects, usually at a school or college.答案：Education此处应用名词education “教育”作主语。10The young man was sentenced to _ (die) for killing a middle school student.答案：deathbe sentenced to death “被判死刑”。三、完形填空。阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可能填入空白处的最佳选项。(2018太原市高三年级模拟试题)I was a shy kid.Nothing seemed harder than talking to people.I didnt even like to answer the phone for fear that Id have to talk to somebody I didnt know._1_ ，at school I had to spend all day in the company of others.My _2_ was studying.It was something I could do _3_ and by myself.I spent a lot of time studying and was _4_ with good grades.Eventually I went to college.I came to realize that some people were rather fun to _5_ with.Yet my childhood _6_ carried over and I found myself tonguetied and _7_ whenever I found myself in a conversation.One day while on campus，I _8_ an advertisement for a position on the local classical music _9_ station.I had grown up listening to classical music，and I loved it.In order to get the job，applicants needed to be interviewed.I had absolutely no background in radio，and the idea of talking to thousands of listeners _10_ me.I didnt really want the job.I just wanted to prove that I could talk to a(n) _11_.Two weeks _12_ ，I was even more terrified to discover that I had actually landed the job.It was a _13_ job，but I grew to enjoy it.I announced music to thousands of _14_ in the city，sometimes answering their calls and _15_ to their requests.I began to feel comfortable talking to these people，these strangers who I couldnt even _16_.Although I now spend much time talking with people，Im still basically a _17_ person.My former shyness is a gift，as I can _18_ people who feel discomfort when they talk to strangers.I still enjoy moments of being _19_.But Im also glad I decided to make a _20_ in my life that had opened many doors and opportunities that I never knew existed.1A.However BThereforeCOtherwise DBesides2A.advice BpracticeCtask Descape3A.obviously BsimplyCquietly Dpoorly4A.filled BrewardedCdecorated Dfaced5A.help out Bcatch upCput up Dhang out6A.happiness BshynessCkindness Dgoodness7A.excited BastonishedCembarrassed Dinterested8A.noticed BpostedCrealized Dbelieved9A.fire BgasCTV Dradio10A.terrified BpleasedCsatisfied Damazed11A.child BsingerCinterviewer Dapplicant12A.ago BlaterCbefore Dsince13A.wellpaid BpuzzlingCcomfortable Dchallenging14A.listeners BfollowersCviewers Ddancers15A.referring BrespondingCoffering Dcomparing16A.feel BmoveChear Dsee17A.busy BwarmCquiet Dsmart18A.look into Brelate toCcombine with Dworry with19A.alone BaliveCactive Dawake20A.plan BmistakeCchange Ddream【解题导语】该文主要讲述了害羞的作者通过应聘电台工作而实现自我突破的故事。1A根据上下文可知，此处表示逻辑上的转折关系。然而，作者在学校里不得不和同学们相处。2D根据上文的“I was a shy kid”可推知，害羞的作者在学校用学习来逃避与人交流。3C与语境“by myself”呼应可推知，作者一个人安安静静地做功课。4B与语境“with good grades”呼应可推知，作者在学习上的付出得到了丰厚的回报，成绩突出。5D由“Eventually”的提示可推知，作者最终意识到了和朋友相处是有趣的。hang out“常去某处”。6B根据上文的“I was a shy kid”并结合“I found myself tonguetied”可推知，作者童年时代的害羞个性还存在。7C根据“I found myself tonguetied”可推知，和他人交流时沟通不顺畅是令人尴尬的。8A根据语境可知，作者在校园里注意到了一则让他感兴趣的广告。9D根据下文的“I had absolutely no background in radio”可推知，这是一则电台的招募广告。10A根据“I had absolutely no background in radio”并结合下文的“I didnt really want the job”可推知，作者因自己没有广播方面的背景而打退堂鼓，与下文的“I was even more terrified to discover that I had actually landed the job”呼应。11C作者害怕与成千上万的听众交流，只想证明自己能够和面试官交谈。12B根据语境可推知，时间已经过去了两周。13D根据上文可知，这项工作需要与成千上万的听众交流，这对作者来说有一定的挑战性，且与语境“but I grew to enjoy it”形成呼应。14A与上文的“and the idea of talking to thousands of listeners _10_ me”呼应可推知，此处表示作者给听众播放音乐。15B与语境“answering their calls”呼应可推知，作者回应听众的要求。16D根据上文可知，作者应聘的是电台工作，和听众们基本上是不见面的。17C根据“still”的提示并结合上文的“I was a shy kid”可推知，作者尽管现在花费很多时间和人们交流，但是本质上还是一个不多说话的人，与下文的“My former shyness is a gift”呼应。18B结合“My former shyness is a gift”可推知，作者能够理解那些和他相同的人。relate to“理解，认同”。19A根据上文的“My former shyness is a gift”可推知，作者仍旧喜欢独处。20C根据语境可推知，作者通过做电台工作有了重大改变，从而人生有了更多的可能性。四、单句改错1I hope, first of all, that we shall never lose our heart in face of failure._答案：去掉ourlose heart “失去信心”，为固定搭配。2She is very weak and not equal to make a long journey._答案：makemakingbe equal to “胜任”，其中to是介词。3Thousands of people turned to watch yesterdays match against Ireland._答案：turned后加upturn up “出现；露面”。4The first time when I met him, he was working as a secretary in a big company._答案：去掉whenThe first time在此处引导时间状语从句。5Only when we had studied the data again we realize that there was a mistake._答案：we前加did“only状语从句”放句首，句子应用部分倒装结构。五、短文改错（2018高考选练）When talking about sport, I always feel very exciting, because I like sport so much. I love playing tennis, but it is my favorite spor