中考英语总复习专题三数词课件

专题三 数词,1.概念： 表示数目多少或顺序多少的词叫数词。 2.分类： 数词分为基数词和序数词。表示数目多少的数词叫基数词；表示顺序的数词叫序数词。,考点归纳,考点梳理,考点一：基数词 1.基数词的基本构成。,考点梳理,（1）13 19是由个位数加后缀-teen构成。 注意其中13、15、18的拼写是thirteen，fifteen和eighteen。 （2）20 90由个位数加后缀-ty构成。 注意其中20 50的拼写分别是twenty，thirty，forty和fifty；80的拼写是eighty。 （3）其他非整十的两位数21 99是由整十位数加连字符“-”，再加个位数构成。 如：81的拼写是：eight-one （4）101 999的基数词先写百位数，后加and再写十位数和个位数。 如：691的拼写是：six hundred and ninety-one,考点梳理,（5）1 000以上的基数词先写千位数，后写百位数，再加and，最后写十位数和个位数。 如：5 893的拼写是：five thousand eight hundred and ninety-three （6）在基数词中只有表示“百” 、“千” 的单位词，没有单独表示“万” 、“亿” 的单位词，而是用thousand（千）和million（百万）来表达。 如：1万=10 thousand；1亿=100 million； 10亿=a thousand million=a billion,考点梳理,1. I live with my younger sister, my elder brother, my parents and my grandparents. There are people in my family. A. four B. five C. six D. seven,考点自测,D,2. 基数词的读法。 （1）1 000以上的多位数，要使用计数间隔或逗号“，” 。即从个位起，每隔三位加一个间隔或逗号。第一个间隔或逗号前是thousand（千），第二个间隔或逗号前是million（百万），第三个间隔或逗号前是a thousand million或a billion（十亿）。 （2）每隔三位分段以后就都成了101 999。 读的时候百位数的后面一般要加and。 如：888 000 000 的拼写是： eight hundred and eighty-eight million,考点梳理,2. Helen loves reading. She has read books this month. (2015重庆市) A. five B. fifth C. five of D. fifth of 3. Its reported that there are more than 300 smokers in China, nearly a third of all the smokers in the world. (2015云南省) A. million B. millions C. million of D. millions of,考点自测,A,A,3.基数词的一些重要用法 （1）基数词的复数形式表示大量的数目。 在这种情况下，表示单位的基数词（hundred，thousand，million，billion）不能在词尾加s。 如：two hundred students 二百个学生 five thousand years 五千年 如果表示单位的基数词词尾加s，要与of短语连用。 如：hundreds of students 成百上千的学生,考点梳理,4. Im going to take this summer holiday in Taiwan. Oh, really? Taiwan is a beautiful island that people in Guangdong go to visit it every year. (2015汕尾市) A. so；thousands B. so；thousands of C. such；many thousand D. much；thousands of 5. Its reported that people throw plastic bags along this street every day. (2015南充市) A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundred of D. hundreds of,C,D,考点自测,(2)时间的表达法 顺读法（先读小时后读分钟） 如：6:36 读成six thirty-six 12:53读成twelve fifty-three 逆读法（先读分钟后读小时）： 分钟小于30用past。 如：7:24读成twenty-four past seven 分钟大于30用to，且分钟要用60减，小时要加1。 如：1:58读成two to two 半小时用half，一刻钟用quarter。 如：5:30读成half past five 3:15读成a quarter past three 10:45读成a quarter to eleven,考点梳理,（3）一些时间段的表达 half an hour 半小时 one hour and a half=one and a half hours 一个半小时 two more years=another two years 再多两年 (4)世纪、年代的表达法 在80年代 in the eighties 在20世纪 in the twentieth century 在20世纪90年代 in the 1990s或1990s,考点梳理,6. Lets go to the bookstore at half past nine tomorrow morning. Its too late. Lets make it . (2013莆田市) A. a quarter to nine B. twenty to ten C. a quarter to ten D. ten to twenty 7. About of the students in Grade Nine this year were born in the . (2012铜仁市) A. three five；1996 B. three fifths；1990s C. third fifth；1997 D. third fifths；1990s,A,B,考点自测,(5) 编号的表达法(注意大小写的变化) Lesson One=the first lesson Picture Two=the second picture Bus No.5=the No.5 bus Line Six=the sixth line Room 301读作：room three o one Page 23读作：page twenty-three,考点梳理,8. Boys and girls, please turn to Page and look at the picture. (2015呼和浩特市) A. Fifth；five B. Five；five C. Fifth；fifth D. Five；fifth 9. Jack, I want to go to to see a dentist. Could you tell me the address? No problem. (2014山西省) A. Room 606 B. No.2 Hospital C. Fifth Avenue D. Class Eleven,考点自测,D,B,(6)百分数、小数和倍数的表达法 30%: thirty percent 0.47%: zero point four seven percent 100%: one hundred percent 0.01: zero point zero one 3.14159: three point one four one five nine This box is three times as large as that one.=This box is twice larger than that one. =This box is three times the size of that one. 这个盒子是那个盒子的三倍大。（这个盒子比那个盒子大两倍。）,考点梳理,10. We have two ears and one mouth so that we can listen we speak. (2012杭州市) A. as twice much as B. twice as much as C. as much as twice D. as much twice as,考点自测,B,(7)加、减、乘、除的表达法 1+1=2: one plus one is two 8-5=3: eight minus five is three 65=30: six times five is thirty (six multiplied by five is thirty) 102=5: ten divided by two is five （8）表示整体概念（时间、距离、价格、重量、数目、数学运算等）的词或短语做主语时，谓语动词用单数。 Fifty years has passed, but he still looks young. 五十年过去了，他看起来依然年轻。 One million dollars is a large number for me. I cant afford the house. 一百万美元对我来说是个大数目，我买不起这个房子。,考点梳理,11. Two days enough for me to finish the work. I need a third day. A. isnt B. is C. arent D. are 12. Ten kilometers a long way to him. He is too tired. A. are B. was C. is D. were,考点自测,A,C,4.由基数词构成的一些常用短语 （1）He is a six-year-old boy.=The boy is six years old. 他是个六岁大的男孩。 （2）The building is 200 meters high.=This is a 200-meter-high building. 这栋建筑物高200米。 （3）He got the prize in his thirties. 他30 多岁时获奖了。,考点梳理,13. No way! I dont think should be allowed to drive. I am worried about your safety. (2015遵义市) A. fifteen years old B. fifteen-year-olds C. fifteen-year-old D. fifteen year olds 14. A quarter to four is . (2015张家界市) A. 3:15 B. 3:45 C. 4:15 D. 4:45,B,B,考点自测,考点二：序数词 1.序数词的基本构成。,考点梳理,考点梳理,注意事项： 基变序，有规律，末尾加上th；“一、二、三” 特殊记，结尾字母tdd。“八” 减t，“九” 减e，f要把-ve替，ty把y变ie。如果遇到几十几，只变个位就可以,(1)有几个序数词和基数词在拼写时很容易写错，应特别注意。 它们是：one first，two second， three third，five fifth， eight eighth，nine ninth，twelve twelfth。 (2)序数词有时用缩写形式： first1st second2nd third3rd fourth4th twenty-second22nd,考点梳理,1. Kate is a school girl. She got many presents on her birthday. (2015凉山彝族自治州) A. nine B. the ninth C. ninetieth D. ninth 2. I live in Room 403. Sam lives in the room right above mine, on the floor. (2015广东省) A. third B. three C. fifth D. five,D,C,考点自测,2.序数词的一些重要用法 （1）序数词在使用时，一般在前面加定冠词the或物主代词等限定词。 如：the second day 第二天 my first visit to Beijing 我第一次拜访北京 （2）序数词有时前面可加不定冠词来表示“再一”，“又一” 。 如：Well have to do it a second time. 我们得做第二次。 When I sat down, a fourth man rose to speak. 我坐下时，第四个男人站起来说话。,考点梳理,（3）表示年，月，日时，年用基数词表示，日用序数词表示。（先写月日或日月，再写年份） 如：1949年十月一日读作： October (the) first, nineteen forty-nine 2004年九月十日读作： September (the) tenth, two thousand and four,考点梳理,(4)表示分数时，分子用基数词表示，分母用序数词表示。分子大于1时，分母加-s。 如：one second=one half=a half 二分之一 one fourth=one quarter=a quarter 四分之一 two fifths 五分之二 注意：分数做主