拜伦与雪莱教学PPTByron_and_Shelley.ppt

george gordon byron percy bysshe shelley 拜伦与雪莱,warming-up questions,when did english romanticism begin? what was the overwhelming literary form of that age? what are the characteristics of romanticism? who are the lake poets? can you name the active romanticists? what is the relationship between ancient greek literature and western literature?,george gordon byron (1788-1824),i awoke one morning to find myself famous. i deny nothing,but doubt everything.,percy bysshe shelley (17921822),life may change, but it may fly not; hope may vanish, but can die not; truth be veiled, but still it burneth; love repulsed, but it returneth.,comments,乔治戈登拜伦是英国19世纪初期伟大的浪漫主义诗人。其代表作品有恰尔德哈罗德游记、唐璜等。在他的诗歌里塑造了一批“拜伦式英雄”。拜伦不仅是一位伟大的诗人，还是一个为理想战斗一生的勇士。他的诗歌以辛辣的社会讽刺和批评对自由、民主的讴歌，极大的鼓舞了欧洲的民族民主运动，在世界各国的革命志士心中引起了强烈共鸣。 珀西比希雪莱,是英国文学史上最有才华的抒情诗人之一。william wordsworth曾称其为 “one of the best artists of us all“，同时期的拜伦称其为 “without exception the best and least selfish man i ever knew”, 更被誉为诗人中的诗人。其一生见识广泛，不仅是柏拉图主义者，更是个伟大的理想主义者。 创作的诗歌节奏明快，积极向上。,what is byronic hero?,byrons chief contribution is his creation of the “ byronic hero,“ a proud & mysterious rebel figure of noble origin. with immense superiority in his passions & powers, he is to right all the wrongs in a corrupt society, and he would fight single-handedly against all the misdoings. thus this figure is a rebellious individual against outworn social systems and conventions.,don juan,a traditional spanish legend of a great lover & seducer of women whose story has been told many times by many authors. byrons epic poem don juan (1821) is most influential. used synonymously for “womanizer“, especially in spanish slang.,byrons don juan,the plot of don juan,the love affair with a married woman forced him leave spain. the shipwreck pushed him to the seashore of a greek island, where he was saved by haidee, a daughter of a pirate. they fell in love and got married. on the wedding, a greek singer sang “isles of greece”. later haidees father returned and separated them.,the plot of don juan,juan was sold as a slave to the palace of sudan he escaped from sudan, joined the russian army. after the victory, he sent news to st. petersburg and is favored by empress. he was sent back to england by empress on a political mission unfinished,canto iii the isles of greece,the most splendid part in don juan, sang by a greek scop at the wedding ceremony of juan and haidee by a sharp contrast between the glorious past and the oppressed present of greece, byron calls on greeks to revolt against tyranny for freedom and independence,question,what does greece mean to europeans? in what aspects did ancient greek civilization influence europeans?,influences of ancient greece,greek methology greek philosophy:socrates, plato, aristotle. greek literature: homer olympics,the isles of greece,stanza 1 the isles of greece! the isles of greece! where burning sappho loved and sung, where grew the arts of war and peace, where delos rose, and phoebus sprung! eternal summer gilds them yet, but all, except their sun, is set. meter: rhyme scheme: iambic tetrameter / ababcc,stanza 1,allusions are frequently used in this poem. try to interpret the function of allusions in the stanza. burning sappho the arts of war and peace phoebus to set a sharp contrast between the past and the present of greece. “but all, except the sun, is set”,a general introduction of ode to the west wind,what is ode? an elaborately formal lyric poem, often in the form of a lengthy ceremonious address to a person or abstract entity, always serious and elevated in tone. oxford concise dictionary of literary terms,ode to the west wind,1. form (meter and rhyme) 5 14-line stanzas of iambic pentameter, each of the stanzas containing 4 tercets and a closing couplet, rhymed in aba bcb cdc ded ff,ode to the west wind,2. content stanza 1: activities of the west wind on the earth, driving the dead leaves, behave as both a destroyer and preserver.,ode to the west wind,stanza 2: activities in the sky, driving cloud away and bringing rain and lightning.,ode to the west wind,stanza3: its activities on the sea, awaking the wave, and making the sea-blooms and the oozy woods tremble.,ode to the west wind,stanza4: the poet hopes to be the west wind, sharing its power and strength, free from all bounds.,ode to the west wind,stanza 5: the poets strong desires.,a detailed analysis: stanza 5,make me thy lyre, even as the forest is: what if my leaves are falling like its own! the tumult of thy mighty harmonies will take from both a deep, autumnal tone, sweet though in sadness. be thou, spirit fierce, my spirit! be thou me, impetuous one!,drive my dead thoughts over the universe like withered leaves to quicken a new birth! and, by the incantation of this verse, scatter, as from an unextinguished hearth ashes and sparks, my words among mankind! be through my lips to unawakened earth the trumpet of a prophecy! o wind, if winter comes, can spring be far behind?,把我当作你的竖琴吧，有如树林： 尽管我的叶落了，那有什么关系！ 你巨大的合奏所振起的音乐 将染有树林和我的深邃的秋意： 虽忧伤而甜蜜。呵，但愿你给予我 狂暴的精神！奋勇者呵，让我们合一！ 请把我枯死的思想向世界吹落， 让它像枯叶一样促成新的生命！ 哦，请听从这一篇符咒似的诗歌， 就把我的话语，像是灰烬和火星 从还未熄灭的炉火向人间播散！ 让预言的喇叭通过我的嘴唇 把昏睡的大地唤醒吧！要是冬天 已经来了，西风呵，春日怎能遥远？,questions for discussion,what does “dead thoughts” mean? the poem ends it with a question - rhetorical? or indicating shelleys own uncertainty? what kind of artistic attitude towards the function of poetry does the poet express in the 5th stanza? what is the symbolic meaning of the west wind? what figures of speech are used? in the previous stanzas, the wind is regarded as a destroyer and preserver. what does it indicate?,question 1,what kind of artistic attitude towards the function of poetry does the poet express in the 5th stanza? the function of poetry: poetry is the indispensable agent of civilization. poets are the unacknowledged legislators of the world. poetry can play a very important part in the spiritual life of society,question 2,the poem ends it with a question - rhetorical? or indicating shelleys own uncertainty? hopes for radical social change, or a rebirth of personal inspiration,question 3,what is the symbolic meaning of the west wind? radical social reform revolutionary strength,question 4,in the previous stanzas, the wind is regarded as a destroyer and preserver. what does it indicate? destroying the old world preserving the new-risen things,ode to the west wind: main idea,through describing vividly the activ