金融领域名人介绍.ppt

The Representatives Of Western Economics,Father Of Economics -Adam Smith,Adam Smith (16 June 1723 17 July 1790) was a Scottish moral philosopher and a pioneer of political economy. One of the key figures of the Scottish Enlightenment, Smith is the author of The Theory of Moral Sentiments and An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations. The latter, usually abbreviated as The Wealth of Nations, is considered his magnum opus and the first modern work of economics.,Main article: The Wealth of Nations,The Wealth of Nations expounds that the free market, while appearing chaotic and unrestrained, is actually guided to produce the right amount and variety of goods by a so called “invisible hand“.Smith advanced the idea that a market economy would produce a satisfactory outcome for both buyers and sellers, and would optimally allocate societys resources. Nevertheless, he was wary of businessmen and argued against the formation of monopolies.,Father of macroeconomics -John Maynard Keynes,John Maynard Keynes was born on June 5, 1883 in Cambridge, England. He was the most influential economist of the twentieth century. His economic theories provided the basis of the modern welfare states of North America and Western Europe. For a quarter of a century after World War II, Keynesian economic theories, and the policies that followed from them, dominated the economic life of industrial countries.,The Coherence of His Work,The achievements of Keyness life and thought are most evident in his three major works: The Economic Consequences of the Peace, The Treatise on Probability , and The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money. In The General Theory Keynes demolishes the belief that unfettered markets will provide enough jobs and adequate national incomes to guarantee the future of capitalism. The force of each work rests on Keyness rejection of the belief that ethically acceptable outcomes will result from the operation of long-run “statistically“ predictable social behavior.,Father of Modern Economics -Paul Anthony Samuelson,Samuelson was born in Gary, Indiana, on May 15, 1915. He is the first American to win the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences. Samuelson is considered to be one of the founders of neo-Keynesian economics and a seminal figure in the development of neoclassical economics.The New York Time considered him to be the “foremost academic economist of the 20th century“.,His magnum opus: Foundations of Economic Analysis,It is derived from his doctoral dissertation at Harvard University, The book proposes to: examine underlying analogies between central features in theoretical and applied economics study how operationally meaningful theorems can be derived with a small number of analogous methods , It also proposes two general hypotheses as sufficient for its purposes: Maximizing behavior of agent