初中英语语法专项复习代词档.doc

初中英语语法专项复习：代词1代词的作用严格地讲，代词是代替名词的，在句子中起名词的作用，可用作：1）主语例如：This is our new home.这是我们的新家。Who is on the phone?谁在打电话？2）宾语 例如：Take good care of yourself.多多保重。We should help each other.我们应互相帮助。3）表语 例如：Thats not mine.那不是我的。Who is it? -Its me.谁呀？ -是我。4）同位语例如：We both live in the dormitory.我们两人都住宿舍。He ate them all. 他把它们全吃了。5）呼语 例如：Be patient, everybody.大家都耐心点。2代词的分类代词通常可分为以下八类：1）人称代词（I, you, he , we等）2）物主代词（our, your, their, his等）3）反身代词（myself, ourselves, yourself, itself等）4）相互代词（each other, one another） 5）指示代词（this, that, these, those等）6）疑问代词（who, what, which, whose等）7）关系代词（who, that, which, whose等）8）不定代词（both, all, some, any等） 二、重点知识归纳及讲解（一）人称代词1人称代词的单数、复数和主格、宾格第一人称 I 我 me we 我们 us第二人称 you 你 you you 你们 you第三人称 he 他 she 她 it 它 him her it they 他们她们 它们 them（二）物主代词1. 物主代词用来表示人和物之间的所有关系，这类代词有形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种，并有不同的人称和单复数之分。 2形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词的主要用法区别1）形容词性物主代词不能独立使用，只作定语，用来修饰后面的名词。例如：My parents are both doctors.我的父母都是医生。We saw a film yesterday. Its name was Speed. 我们昨天看了一场电影，片名是生死时速。2）名词性物主代词应独立使用，后面不跟名词，相当于形容词性物主代词+名词，它们在句中可以作主语、宾语或表语。例如：Is this her pen? No, hers is red. （主语）这是她的钢笔吗？不，她的是红色的。Lets clean their room first, and then clean ours. （宾语）咱们先打扫他们的房间，然后再打扫我们的。These letters are his.（表语）这些信是他的。（三）反身代词反身代词用来表示反射或强调。1反身代词的形式人称 一 二 三单数 myself yourself himself herself itself复数 ourselves yourselves themselves反身代词在实际运用中可构成许多常用词组。例如：by oneself 亲自 for oneself 为自己call oneself 称自己 teach oneself 自学help oneself to 随意吃 lose oneself 迷路speak to oneself 自言自语 seat oneself 就座 make oneself understood 让别人懂得自己的意思（四）指示代词 表示“这个”、“那个”、“这些”、“那些”等指示概念的代词，如：this, that, these, those等。英语中指示代词的用法同汉语中的情况相似。this和these一般用来指较近的事物，that和those则指较远的事物。（五）不定代词 不定代词是不指明代替任何特定名词的代词。1不定代词有以下形式：some, somebody, someone, something, any, anybody, anyone, anything, nobody, nothing, all, both, neither, none, either, each, everybody, everyone, everything, other, another, much ,one2常见不定代词的用法讲解1）some和any asome常用于肯定句，any多用于否定句，疑问句或条件状语从句，两者都可以代替可数或不可数名词。例如：Some say yes and some say no. 有的人说是，有的人说不是。I dont like any of them. 我对他们一个也不喜欢。Does any of them know this? 他们当中有谁知道吗？b如果在提问时期待对方肯定回答，或鼓励别人说yes时，疑问句中的不定代词要用some，不用any。例如：Would you like some of the tickets?你想要些票吗？c在强调“任何一个”意思的时候，any也可用于肯定句。例如：You can take any of the newspapers here.你可以拿这儿任何一份报纸。2）either和neither either用于肯定，neither用于否定，二者均限于两个个体的情况。例如：You can see tall trees on either of the river banks.在河的两岸你们能看到高大的树。Neither of them wants to see the film with me. 他们两个谁也不想和我去看电影。3）one和ones（one的复数形式）one可以指某人，人人或某物，也可以用来代替上文中提及的可数名词，以避免用词的重复。当one指人时，其反身代词为oneself，所有格形式是ones。例如：One should follow the laws.人人应该遵守法律。The one in red is our monitor.穿红衣服的那位是我们的班长。 Shanghai has a lot of new buildings, but it also has many old ones. 上海有很多新的建筑物，也有不少老的建筑物。4）复合不定代词复合不定代词是由some, any, no, every同body，one, thing等词构成的代词。复合不定代词都可看作单数，表示“某人”或“某物”，并在句中作主语、宾语或表语。同some和any在用法上的区别一样，some, someone和something一般用于肯定句，anybody, anyone和anything一般用于否定句、疑问句和条件状语从句中。例如：We want somebody to help us.我们想要有人来帮助我们。Have you found anything here?你们在这儿发现什么了吗？If anyone comes to visit us, tell him we have gone to the cinema.如果有人来访，就告诉他我们去电影院了。表示人的复合不定代词后面都可以加s构成所有格。例如：Somebodys wallet has just been stolen.有人的钱包刚刚被偷了。复合不定代词要求后置定语。例如：We will have something important to do this afternoon.今天下午我们有些重要事情要做。（六）疑问代词疑问代词是用来构成特殊疑问句的代词，如who, whom, whose, what和which等。在疑问句中，疑问代词一般都放在句首，并在句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语。例如：Who is your maths teacher?（表语）谁是你们的数学老师？Whose bag is that?（定语）那是谁的书包？Who teaches you English?（主语）谁教你们英语？Whom are you talking about?（宾语）你们在谈论谁？（七）相互代词相互代词是表示相互关系的代词，其形式如下each other one another each others one anothers在当代英语中，each other和one another意思上没有区别，它们在句中可以作宾语，其所有格可以作定语。（互相）（彼此的） 例如：Do you often help each other?你们经常互相帮助吗？We are interested in one anothers work. 我们对彼此的工作感兴趣。 三、随堂监测A组 I. 选择填空：1This dictionary is not hers. Its _. A. IB. meC. mineD. my2. - Is this _ magazine? - No, it isnt. Its _.A. your, her B. hers, mine C. yours, hers D. your, hers3. There are two books on the desk. One is a maths book, _ is an English book.A. others B. other C. the other D. another4. _ of the girls plays tennis well.A. Neither B. Both C. All D. Some5. Mary speaks very quickly. _ is difficult to understand what she is saying.A. That B. she C. It D. There6. The school was built by the villagers _.A. us B. ourselves C. them D. themselves7. He put a finger into _ mouth and sucked it.A. his B. he C. him D. hiss8. He is always ready to help _.A. another B. others C. the other D. other9. Let _ do this exercise myself.A. him B. her C. us D. me10. Have you _ to tell us?A. important something B. something importantC. important anything D. anything important11. I met an old friend of _ on _ way home. A. mine, my B. my, the C. mine, a D. mine, the12. _ of the students in our class has a ticket.A. Every B. Both C. Each D. All13. There are several books on the desk. _ of them is English.A. All B. Both C. None D. Neither14. _ live in Shanghai.A. We B. Our C. Ours D. Ourselves15. - Is this _ jacket? - Yes, its _.A. her, her B. her, hers C. hers, her D. hers, hers16. - _ is that boy? - Hes my son. A. Who B. Whom C. What D. Which 17. _ humans _ animals can live without air.A. Both, and B. Neither, nor C. Either, or D. Not only, but also18. They have twenty-six desks in the classroom. One is for the teacher, _ are for the students.A. the other B. other C. the others D. others19. My dictionary is in my bag. Where is _?A. yours B. you C. yourself D. your20. I think you can do the job _.A. yourself B. myself C. himself D. your21. - Which jacket is Marys? - The red one is _.A. she B. her C. hers D. his22. My uncle was so angry that he was no _ when he found I was beating his dog. A. him B. his C. himself D. he23. There are many trees on _ side of the street.A. all B. both C. every D. each24. _ is important for us to keep the balance of nature.A. There B. That C. This D. It25. She cant find _ watch.A. hers B. it C. her D. its26. There is _ milk in the glass.A. many B. little C. few D. a few27. Please pass _ the cap of tea.A. me B. my C. mine D. I28. Have you heard from _ recently?A. them B. they C. themselves D. their29. There is _water in the bottle.A. not B. some C. any D. many30. There isnt _ food left on the table.A. many B. few C. much D. little31. Sorry, I cant answer your question. I know _ about the news.A. a little B. little C. few D. a few32. This is his schoolbag, _ is on the desk.A. my B. yours C. your D. you33. We made the radio _.A. us B. ourselves C. myself D. our34. Would please give me _ hot tea?A. one B. little C. some D. any35. - Would you like some milk in your tea? - Yes, just _.A. a little B. little C. a few D. few36. This question is so difficult that _ students can answer it. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little 37. They have only _ homework for Sunday.A. few B. a few C. little D. a little38. They told us about their school and we told them about_.A. we B.us C. our D. ours39. This blue suit looks better than the green _.A. / B. one C. suits D. ones40. _ is your father ,a worker or a teacher?A. How B. Which C. What D. Who 四、随堂监测B组 中考题集：1- Whose painting is this? Its really wonderful!- Oh, its not _ . Its _ .A. hers; your B. mine; Elsas C. yours; hes D. his; my2_ of the twins went to watch Peking Opera last Sunday.They were staying at home all that day.A. Either B. Both C. Neither D. One3The English novel is quite easy for you. There are _ new words in it.A. a little B. little C. a few D. few4This ruler is mine. _ is over there.A. She B. Shes C. Her D. Hers5Ill tell you _ news about the sports meeting.A. many B. some C. a few6All the boys were very tired, but _ of them would take a rest.A. all B. neither C. any D. none7Every day Mr. Hu checks _ homework and corrects the mistakes we make.A. his B. her C. our D. its8- When shall we meet again, this afternoon or tonight?- I dont mind. _ time is OK.A. Either B. Every C. Neither D. Both9The old man has two sons. One is a worker ; _ is a teacher.A. another B. other C. others D. the other10Pass _ the knife, please. My pencil is broken.A. I B. me C. my D. mine11- Which do you prefer, orange juice or coke?- _, thanks. Id like just a cup of tea.A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. None12Bob couldnt buy the dictionary because he had _ money with him.A. a few B. few C. a little D. little13This is not my dictionary. Its _. A. her B. his C. your D. their14- Oh! I came n a hurry and forgot to bring food.- Never mind. You can have _ .A. us B. ours C. you D. yours 15- The watch is so nice! Is it for _?- Yes. Happy birthday. Mary!- Thank you very much.A. his B. me C. my D. hers16- May I use your pen?- Yes, here are two and you can use _ of them.A. both B. every C. any D. either17- Whose book is this?- Its _ .A. my B. mine C. me D. I18- How many more oranges can I have ?- You can have one more. _ are for Tom.A. The others B. Another C. Others D. The other19- Can I talk to you for a minute, Brain?- Sure, I have _ t