完形专项讲解训练基础复习.doc

第九讲 完形专项讲解训练+基础复习 完形填空解题考纲分析 完形填空是考查学生阅读理解和语言运用能力的综合性试题。它考查的知识面广，覆盖面大，综合性强，灵活性高。它不仅能客观的反应出学生的知识性水平，要求学生要运用所学的词汇、习惯用语、固定搭配、语法、句法等基础知识妥善的处理好每个单句，理解语义，又要处理好单句之间以及单句与全文之间的内在联系。Step 3 解题步骤1. 通读全文，了解大意做题之前，必须先浏览全文，了解短文的大意，这是必不可少的一个步骤。通过短文所提供的信息，借助语感及相关知识的推断，可以从整体上把握短文的轮廓。每篇短文总有一定的主题思想，段落之间必须能承上启下，前呼后应，句与句之间也一定紧密相联，形成一个有机的整体。因此通读全文，时要一气呵成，不要中断思路，只要能了解短文的大意就可。2. 瞻前顾后，初选答案。在通读全文后，初选习惯用法、固定搭配，并从上下文中找关键性启示，前后对照，根据语感等选出比较容易的答案。有些题目设计很巧，由下文暗示上文，很有可能开头的空格填入四个选项在语法上都成立，但正确选项要到文章末尾才能得到解答。3. 每空细读，分析斟酌逐句精读，逐题分析选项，有少数空格需多方面的推敲分析，如词义分析，语法结构分析，上下文推理分析等。下面是从所给四个选项角度考虑的解题思路：（1） 若考查冠词，则须依据短文空白后的单词的第一个因素，或所出现的后面名词的次序来确定a, an 或the， 或用冠词的惯用法来确定。（2） 若是介词或副词（如 up，out， off， away等）可先从固定搭配入手（3） 若四个选项好似名词，则须从其所在的单复数形式、所有格形式等，根据文意进行名词辨析等。（4） 如考查形容词或副词，则须从其所在句中的作用来确定什么词性，或者考查其比较级或最高级，以及它前面的修饰语等。（5） 如果考查动词，要么考查其同义词辨析，要么考查某些固定搭配，或时态、语态以及非谓语动词形式等。（6） 若选项是连接词，则应根据句子结构和上下文的意思决定是选择连接代词还是连接副词。也可以从连词的一些惯用法或固定搭配等入手。如，not until, as. as, not so as, 或用because 不用so，用but不用though等。4.复核全文，清除疏漏所有的答案选出来以后，应再读全文，对所选的答案进行核实调整，经过第二步的逐句推敲之后，对短文内容的理解更为深刻，最初选择时有些难解或误解的问题这时就很容易判断，从而也就能得到更好的解决，并清除疏漏。这一步费时不多却很有必要。Step 4 解题技巧1.根据上下文确定答案。There were so many people on the bus that there were _1_ empty seats. When a young man got out, an old man near him wanted to _2_ ,but the young man pushed him back his seat.“ Thank you,” he said, “ but please dont do that, I can stand.”1. A. many B. some C. enough D. no2.A. sit down B. get on C. set out D. stand up分析：第一小题所给的选项是四个形容词，从单句来看均可和后面的empty seats 搭配。但根据上文的“ there are so many people on the bus”来判断，不可能有many (许多)、some （一些）、enough( 足够的)“空位”。因此，该题的正确答案应为D。 第二小题所给的选项是四个动词短语，根据下文的“.pushed him back to his seat.” 和 “ I can stand.” 来看，年轻人误以为老人要给他让座，而实际上老人是想站起来下车，所以，该小题的正确答案是D。 1. 根据惯用法或习惯搭配确定答案。 Its Sunday. Some students are going _1_ a trip with their teacher. _2_ their way they saw a bus behind them.1. A. to B. for C.on D. at 2. A. On B. By C.At D. To分析：短文是叙述老师领着学生春游的事情。第一小题看似“be going to”结构，其实“go on a trip” 是固定搭配，意为“去旅行”，所以应选C项。第二小题是习惯用法，表示“在去的路上”，英语中要用“ on ones way.”,而 by，in，at都不能用在该短语中，故应选A项。2. 运用逻辑推理判断答案。 Mr Brown began to walk at eight in the morning. Now the sun was about to set. He was tired and hungry. He was walking slowly towards the _ and his shadow lay long behind him. He had to look for a place for the night.A. east B. west C. south D north分析：此题所给的选项是四个表示方位的名词，均可和前面的介词“towards”（朝着）搭配，很难判断哪一个是正确答案。只有运用逻辑推理的方法才能找出正确答案。根据上文的“太阳就要落山了”判断此时应为下午，太阳是在西方。再根据下文的“他的影子长长的拖在后面”，就可以推断出，此时布朗先生正朝着西方慢慢的走着。故选B。3. 根据词语用法确定答案 A little cock lived near the river. One morning the little cock _his beautiful clothes and went for a walk by the river. On his way he met a little duck.A. wore B. had on C. dressed D. put on分析：所给的四个选项是一组同义词组，都表示“穿”，但它们在用法上有所不同。Wear和have on 都可接物作宾语，意为“穿着”，表示状态；put on 也可接“衣物”，作宾语，意为“穿上”，表示动作；而dress 的宾语只能是人，而不能是“衣物”。根据以上分析，再结合原句的意思，可以确定正确答案为D。挑战自己，实例剖析(一） Tiger Woods is a famous professional golfer(职业高尔夫球手). In fact, he is probably _1_ golfer in the world today. He _2_ in the United States in 1975. when he was very young, he learned how to play golf _3_ his father. In 1978, when Tiger was three years old, he was on _4_ first TV show. He played golf with some famous people_5_ he surprised everyone. Between the ages of 8 and 16, Tiger Woods learned a lot about playing _6_. He won his first championship (冠军) in_ years. In 1994, Tiger became a student of Standford University. He won 10 golf championships while he _8_ at the university. In 1996, Tiger became a professional golfer and _9_ more money. He was very famous and rich _10_ he was till young. Now he has many fans and is a model for young people.( ) 1. A. the cleverest B. the most famous C. the poorest D. the oldest( ) 2. A. was born B. was carried C. was taken D. was pleased( ) 3. A. to B. from C. of D. after( ) 4. A. their B. its C. his D. her( ) 5. A. whether B. if C. or D. and ( ) 6. A. golf B. football C. basketball D. football( ) 7. A. these B. this C. those D. that( ) 8. A. was teaching B. was working C. was studying D. was starting( ) 9.A. borrowed B. made C. wasted D. lost( ) 10.A. because B. though C. so D. Since（二）Mike loves ships so much. When he was a child, he said, “Im going to be a soldier.” Butlater, he found his eyes were not very _1_. He said, “Im going to _2_ a small boat and travel around the world.” But boats were very expensive, he didnt have enough _3_.Last summer Mike found a swimming _4_ near his house. The swimming lessons did not cost _5_, so Mike began to go swimming every weekend and have _6_. One day, a little boy in that school asked him, “How can you _7_ so well?” With a smile, Mike told the boy, “_8_ Im in the water, I say to myself, There is a _9_ boat in front of me. If I _10_ it, it will be mine! Then Ill get very excited, and swim very fast.”( ) 1. A. bigB. beautifulC. goodD. strong( ) 2. A. buyB. makeC. borrowD. by( ) 3. A. foodB. workC. timeD. money( ) 4. A. parkB. schoolC. farmD. pool( ) 5. A. muchB. littleC. manyD. any( ) 6. A. mealsB. lessonsC. talksD. games( ) 7. A. travelB. makeC. doD. swim( ) 8. A. IfB. WhenC. ThoughD. Where( ) 9. A. interestingB. beautifulC. dangerousD. different( ) 10. A. seeB. catchC. buildD. pick中考真题再现（2010福建省晋江市，二，10） 完形填空: 从每小题A、B、C三个选项中，选出能填入空白处的最佳答案。 When people find something valuable and return it to its owner, they are often given a reward. This is because the person not only found what was lost but also spent time 46 its owner or taking it to the police station.There was once a young boy 47 found a womans purse in a shopping centre. Inside the purse there 48 some money and the womans driving license. Her name and 49 were printed on the license, so the boy knew where she lived. That evening he went to her house and 50 her door. When she opened it, he said, “ I found your purse,” and handed it to her. “Thank you very much,” she said. She opened her purse and took out all the money. She wanted to give the boy a small reward, 51 there were only bills of 20 in the purse and she thought that $ 20 was too 52 to give the boy. “ Im sorry,” she said, “ but I dont have any small 53 to give you.” The boy said, “Thats all right,” and he went away. A few days later he found 54 womans purse. It also had her driving license in it, so he knew where she lived. He went to her house and said “ I found your purse,” and handed it to her. “Thank you very much, “ she said. She opened her purse and took out all her money. “Thats 55 ” , she said, “ Before I lost my purse I had a $100 bill and a $20 bill in it. Now I have a $100 bill, a $10 bill and two $5 bills.” “Yes,” the boy said, and smiled.46. A. to find B. finding C. find47. A. who B. whose C. which48. A. is B. were C. was49. A. e-mail B. address C.age50. A.cut down B. knocked on C. broke into51. A. so B. but C. or52. A. little B. few C. much53. A. change B. menuC. purse54. A .another B. the otherC. other55. A interesting B. exciting C. Strange（2010浙江省湖州市，三，15）阅读下面短文，理解其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。Long long ago,there was a swan（天鹅）with golden feathers（金羽毛）.She lived in a lake.A woman lived in a small house_26_the lake with her two daughters.They were very poor.They worked hard all year round,_27_still,they lived a hard life and sometimes they even didnt have enough_28_to buy food.The swan was _29_to see that.She said to herself, “Ill give one of my_30_to them each day,then they can live a happy life with the money selling my feathers.”That evening,she _31_to the poor womans house and left a golden feather on the table without saying_32_.From then on,the swam came every day and gave them a feather.The woman was very happy because their life was much_33_than before.But day after day,the woman became greedy（贪婪）.She said to her _34_.”The swan may fly away one day.If so,we will be poor again.We should take all_35_feathers shen she comes next time.”“Oh,no,Mom!”cried the daughters, “This will _36_the swan.She helps us a lot !”But the