与光有关词汇的词义辨析(英语).doc

【与光有关词汇的词义辨析】dazzle flash flicker glare gleam glimmer glint glitter glisten glister glow等的区别 1. dazzle: If a very bright light dazzles you, itstops you from seeing properly for a short time. 例：a deer dazzled by the headlights Dazzle是刺眼、晃眼的意思，特别当光线照得人短时间看不清物体时使用，与下文其他的刺眼选手颇有区别。2. flash: to shine suddenly and brightly for a shorttime, or to make something shine in this way; If alight flashes or if you flash a light, it shines with asudden bright light, especially as quick, regularflashes of light. 例：Lightning flashed overhead. Flash是快速地发出强光，意为闪光，是闪光一族的普通意义，后文还有多个闪光词汇。3. flicker: to burn or shine with an unsteady lightthat goes on and off quickly; If a light or flameflickers, it shines unsteadily. 例：The overhead lights flickered momentarily. Flicker也是闪光，但是与flash闪得不同。Flash是闪出强光，闪一下马上消失，再接着闪出强光，比如打雷之前的闪电就是典型的flash；flicker也是闪光门高手，可是它只能闪出不太强的光，并且极不稳定，闪光时忽明忽暗，译为闪烁、摇曳，这个词很浪漫，总令人想到Casablanca中迷人的汽车旅馆和那对恋人一起试过的那个long, hot summers night.4. glare: to shine with a very strong bright lightwhich hurts your eyes; If the sun or a light glares, itshines with a very bright light which is difficult tolook at; 例：The sun glared down on us. 这个已经不是闪光门弟子了，这是发出非常耀眼的光芒，让眼睛产生不适，且不适效果大大高于dazzle，有可能出现较长时间的失明。比如氧焊时，如果不戴眼罩看了那种强烈的白光后，好一会儿看不见东西，那就是一种glaring light, 比dazzlinglight历害多了。5. gleam: to shine softly = glimmer; If an object or asurface gleams, it reflects light because it is shinyand clean. 例：His teeth gleamed under his moustache；Blue-white moonlight gleamed through the window,throwing the shadows of the bars across the floor. 淡蓝色的月光透过窗户照进房来，窗条的影子斜斜地映在地板上。 Gleam是发出微光，其微弱程度与下文要提及的glimmer相同，似乎在写作中二者完全可以互换使用，不过“柯林斯”字典告诉我们，glimmer的光有点unsteady，类似于flicker。gleam是稳定的光线，不会晃动。6. glimmer: If something glimmers, it produces orreflects a faint, gentle, often unsteady light; to shinewith a light that is not very bright = gleam: a weak,glimmering light 朗文字典认为glimmer等于gleam，但是柯林斯和牛津皆认为glimmer含有unsteady之意，是to shine with a faintunsteady light，因此一定要与gleam区别开来。glimmer与flicker相近，也有“光线晃动”之意，但是没有flicker那么摇曳得历害：A beam of gleaming light 一道微弱的光线A beam of glimmering light 一束昏暗、摇曳的光线7. glint: if a shiny surface glints, it gives out smallflashes of light = sparkle; If something glints, itproduces or reflects a quick flash of light. (WRITTEN);= glisten; to produce small bright flashes of light: 例：The sea glinted in the moonlight；The sun glinted on thewindows；The gold rims of his spectacles glinted in thesun. 该词使用场景描述：一群孩子在草丛中玩耍时，突然一个小孩惊叫起来，看呀，前边草丛里有东西在发亮。众人走近一看，原来是一只银戒指；夏日某夜，有淡淡的月光，四周万籁俱寂，我心事重重，独自来到沙滩上，看着黑黝黝的海水，听着潮涨潮落出神。月亮渐升渐高，月入中天之时，月光不如先前一样昏暗，海面一下子亮了起来，我看见涨潮的时候，海边奔涌着浅灰色的浪花。 以上两个场景是我臆想的，都适用glint这个词。Glint的关键点是闪（泛）着微光，并且光线在变幻，我想到了李莫愁的冰魄银针在阳光下发出幽蓝幽蓝的光芒，煞是瘆人，这就是glinting的光；小龙女的玉蜂针一定不是这种光，而是一种明亮得多的光，可用glowing或者glittering。突发奇想，glint是否有消极、否定之意呢？比如李莫愁是坏人，她的暗器就发glinting的光，而小龙女是好人，并且这么多人喜爱她，因此她的暗器就不会发出glinting的光。呵呵，这纯属子虚乌有，又是我胡思乱想罢了。8. glitter: to shine brightly with flashing points oflight = sparkle；to shine brightly with little flashesof light, like a diamond SYN sparkle 例：The ceiling of the cathedral glittered with gold；The riverglittered in the sunlight. Glitter一听就比glint, gleam, glimmer等感觉要好，“阳气”要大得多，是积极的、明亮的，正大光明的。其发光比较亮丽，常用于阳光照射下物体反光9. glisten: to shine and look wet or oily; Ifsomething glistens, it shines, usually because it is wetor oily 例：Her eyes were glistening with tears； Sweat glistened on his forehead.；The road glistened wetafter the rain；The boys back was glistening with sweat；glistening black hair 这个词非常浪漫，非常美，往往与水、油等有关。发出的光令人感觉到湿漉漉的或者油亮油亮的。第1个例句非常棒，女孩珠泪莹然，楚楚动人的样子真的令英雄魂断，还有美女出浴之后，头发湿湿的，在灯光下就是glistening的感觉，这也令男人意乱情迷。此处glistened with tears就是那种闪着眼泪花的感觉；后句他的额头渗出了汗珠，下一句是雨后路面湿得发亮。想像一下，夏天雨过天晴之后，柏油路在阳光下湿湿的，亮亮的，空气是如此清新，真想在路上小跑一阵，贪婪地呼吸泥土和草地醉人的芬芳。10. glister: (literary) to shine brightly with littleflashes of light, like a diamond SYN glitter 这是一个文气词，常用在文学作品中，与glitter一样，都是指闪着明亮的光。11. glow: to produce or reflect a soft steadylight = shine；(especially of sth hot or warm) toproduce a dull, steady light: 例：The fireplace was still glowing with the remains of last nights fire；The red tip of his cigarette was glowing in the dark；Thestrap has a flu