英语Unit2Section课文重难点讲解(人教八年级下2014春季版).doc

Unit2 Ill help to clean up the city parksSection A1. You could help clean up the city parks.你可以帮助打扫城市公园。【解析1】help v helpful 1). help sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事。 2). help oneself （ to ）自用（食物等）。 3). help sb. out 帮助某人克服困难，渡过难关、解决问题、完成工作。 4). with the help of 在帮助下。 5). help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事。 6).Cant help doing 情不自禁做.【2013日照】15. Mary is so _ she comes to you whenever youre in trouble. A. usefulB. carefulC. thankfulD. helpful【2012 烟台中考】25. The woman _all of her money to charities_ the poor.A. gave off, to helpB. gave up, helping C. gave away, to help D. gave, helping【解析2】clean up 把打扫干净（v. + adv.） clean up the table = clean the table up Its your turn _up the kitchen.(clean)( ) Your bedroom is too dirty, please _.A. clean it up B. clean up it C. set it up ( ) If everyone pours less polluted water into Dianchi Lake, it will be _. A. deeper and deeper B. cleaner and cleaner C. dirtier and dirtier D. wider and wider2. The girl could visit the sick kids in the hospital to cheer them up. 女孩可以去医院看望生病的孩子们，让他们振作起来。【解析1】sick /ill ： (1) sick adj.“生病的”，既可放be (系动词)后作表语，也可放n.前作定语。 be sick of “讨厌；厌恶” sick person = patient“病人” (2) ill adj.“生病的”，只能放be (系动词)后作表语， be ill in hospital 生病住院 ill illness n.“病；疾病” . You look very tired. You must be sick. (= ill) .He had a sick mother. 他有一位生病的母亲( ) I think her (ill) is very serious. 我认为她的病是很严重。( ) The _ girl was sent to hospital by her mother yesterday. A. sick B. ill C. good D. well 【解析2】in the hospital 与in hospital (1) in the hospital“在医院” 指人在医院里，允许是在医院上班，允许是到医院看望病人等；(2) in hospital “在医院；住院” 指生病住院。 类似的短语有：in the bed“在床上”，也许是蹲在床上或站在床上； in bed“在床上”指躺在床上 Tom is ill and staying in bed. ( ) 【湖南邵阳】 My grandfather was ill _ last week. Im sorry to hear that. A. in a hospital B. in the hospital C. in hospital D. in hospitals【解析3】cheer up 使振奋，使高兴的（v. +adv）cheer sb. up =make sb. happy 使某人高兴 cheer me up 使我高兴( ) You could visit _children in the hospital and _them_.A. ill, set, up B. sick, clean, up C. sick, cheer, up( ) He looks sad .Lets _ him_.A. cheer , up B. put, up C. set up D. call, up【2013辽宁锦州】11. He looks unhappy today. Lets . A. cheer him up B. help out him C. look him after D. argue with him3. The boy could give out food at the food bank. 男孩可以在食物站分发食物【解析】give out =hand out分发(v. +adv) hand out bananas give out sth to sb. 分.给某人 Our teacher begins_(分发) our test paper.【短语】：give in 屈服 give back=return 归还 give a speech 发表 give up doing sth =stop doing sth放弃做某事give up smoking 放弃吸烟 give sb. sth = give sth to sb. 给某人某物( ) You shouldnt _your hope. Everything will better.A. give up B. fix up C. cheer up D. put up( ) We have raised some books. Well _to the poor children.A. put them up B. give them away C. give them away. D. put out them【2013江苏常州】8. Many social workers went to Yaan to help clean water and food to local people to reduce their pain from the earthquake.A. put outB. come outC. work outD. give out4. We need to come up with a plan for the City Park Clean -up Day. 我们需要为城市公园清洁日想出一个计划。【解析】come up with =think up 想出 catch up with 赶上 追上【短语】：think about 考虑 think of 想起 think over 仔细考虑【谚语】 Think before you act 三思而后行【拓展】v+up with 构成的短语： catch up with 赶上；追上 keep up with 跟上；跟、保持联系 put u with 容忍； 忍得住 end up with 结束；以.而结束( ) We need_(想出) a plan.( )My mother came up with a good idea which we all agreed to.A. thought about B. thought up C. thought hard【2013黑龙江绥化】19. It is too noisy here. I cant stand it. Me, too. We have to_ new ways to solve the problem. A. catch up with B. keep up with C. come up with5. Oh , what did they ask you to help out with? 哦，他们让你帮助做些什么？【解析】help out 帮助； 帮助.出来 help sb. out 使某人脱离困境【2013山东青岛】24. He _ plenty of money to the people in the earthquake area _.A. put out, to work out well B. handed out, help them outC gave out, work out well D. gave away; to help them out6. They told me stories about the past and how things used to be. 他们给我讲过去的故事，并告诉我过去事情是什么样子的。【解析1】 (1) use v.使用useful adj. 有用的 use up 用完Studying English is_(use).(2) use sth to do sth 用某物做某事We use Internet _(find) information.(3) used to do sth 过去常常做某事，表示过去做过的事现在已经不做，只用于过去时态。( )My mother used_（tell）us story when we were young. ( ) He used to _short and _ short hair when he was young. A. have; be B. be; have C. be; be D. have; have(4) be /get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事My grandpa is used _(live) in country. (5) be used to do sth 被用来做某事=be used for doing sth ( )Stamps is used _(post) letters.( ) My brother used to _ up late, but now he is used to _ up early.A. get ;get B. getting; get C. get; getting D. getting; getting( ) Keys are used _ the door. A. to open B. to opening C. open D. opening【记】 He used to wear glasses . But now he is used to wearing contact lenses. 他以前常戴（框架）眼镜，但现在习惯戴隐形眼镜。7. That sounds interesting. 那听起来挺有趣。【解析】sound (1)n声音 We heard a strange sound. 【辨析】Sound/noise/voicesound(n.)指自然界中所有的声音，可指悦耳的声音也可指噪音。noise一般指很响的，刺耳的声音，即喧闹，嘈杂声等。voice指人通过发音器官发出的声音（包括说话，唱歌等）。 Mary has a beautiful voice. 玛丽的声音很美。 Dont make such a noise. 别这样大声喧哗。 【2011大庆4】11. Did you hear any strange _when the quake happened? No, I was in my garden with my flowers and was enjoying the beautiful _of my birds at that time. A. voice; noise B. noise; sound C. whisper; sound D. sound; voice【2011四川德阳2】4. Stop making so much _. The children are sleeping. A. voice B. noise C. sound(2) vi.听起来，似乎，其后加表语（形容词，介词短语，名词） How does the music sound to you? 这音乐你听起来怎么样？ It sounds beautiful. 它听起来很美。【2013山东临沂】25. Do you know the song Gangnam Style?Of course. It _ interesting.A. tastesB. smellsC. soundsD. feels8. Yeah, a lot of old people are lonely. 是的，很多老年人都很孤独。【解析】alone / lonely 辨析：(1)alone = by oneself adj. 单独的，指无人陪伴的客观事实，不带感情色彩。He often walks alone to home .(2)lonely 指人孤独的，寂寞的，强调主观感受；也可指某个地方是荒凉的( ) The old man lives _，but he never feels _. A. alone ;lonely B. lonely; alone C. alone; alone D. lonely; lonely( ) My little sister is afraid to stay at home alone. A. quietly B. lonely C. all the time D. by herself( ) He did the work all by himself. A. already B. together C. alone D. Lonely【2011雅安】12. His grandparents live _ in a small house, but they dont feel _. A. lonely; alone B. alone; lonely C. lonely; lonely D. alone; alone【2012贵州安顺】22.His grandparents live _ in a small house, but they dont feel _ Alonely; alone Balone; lonely Clonely; lonely Dalone; alone【2013 上海】67. My old neighbor Charles felt _ after his children moved out. A. lonely B. safely C. angrily D. happily9. We should listen to them and care for them . 我们应该倾听他们说话并且关心他们。【解析】care for 照看；照顾； 照料【2013湖北黄石2】 33. Many students in our school _ the old and they usually offer their seats to them on buses. A. worry about B. care for C. agree with D. take care 【拓展】care的短语总结 take care =be careful v.当心，小心 take care of =look after v.照顾，照料，照看 take care of 处理，做完 care for v.照顾，照看 【2013广东广州3】23. Thanks for your invitation, but Im so sorry I cant go. I need to_ my baby at home. A. take away B. take off C. take care of D. take out of 10. Mario Green and Mary Brown from Riverside High School give up several hours each week to help others. 来自河畔高中的马里奥。格林和玛丽每周都会花几个小时去帮助别人。【解析1】give up 放弃 give up doing sth=stop doing sth 放弃做某事( ) I find it too difficult to learn English well. I want to drop it. A. give up it B. give it up C. give away it D. give it away【2013江苏泰州】13. Its too hard for me to be a trailwalker. Never _. Believe in yourself!A. put up B. give up C. hurry up D. look up【2013江苏连云港】11. It was a difficult time for the quakehit victims in Yaan, but they didnt _ hope. A. give up B. give off C. give in D. give out 【2013浙江温州】8. Andrea Bocelli never , which makes him a successful singer.A. takes awayB. gives awayC. gets upD. gives up【2013山东德州】Although many great people ever failed, they never_and managed to succeed.A. set out B. stayed up C. kept on D. gave up【2013安徽】48. The people in Yaan have met lots of difficulties, but they havent _hope. A. picked up B. given up C. looked for D. waited for【2013山东滨州】24. Diaoyu Island belongs to China.Surely it does! We Chinese will never it up.A. cut B. fix C. give D. set【解析2】several可作定语，表示“几个”：= a fewSeveralboyswereinjured.有几个小伙子伤了。 Myfriendspeaksseverallanguages.我的朋友能讲几种语言11. He volunteers at an animal hospital every Saturday morning. 他每周六早上在动物医院做志愿者。【解析】volunteer v 志愿 n 志愿者 volunteer to do sth 志愿做某事Jack volunteered _(carry) the water.They often _(自愿去教) the children12. . But I want to learn more about how to care for animals. 但是我想学习更多的关于如何照顾动物的知识【解析】 “疑问词+不定式”作及物动词的宾语，【记】：I dont know what to do.I dont know how to do it .I dont know what to do with it.【拓展】 “特殊疑问词 + 不定式” 与 “wh 从句的转换。 转换时只需在疑问词后加主语（与主句主语一致），并将不定式改成“should +v原形“做谓语。I dont know how to solve the problem.= I dont know how I should solve the problem. I dont know what _(bring) to the party.He wanted to know when_(go).【内蒙呼和浩特】 Which dress do you like best, Madam? Sorry, I cant decide _ now. A. to buy which one B. buy which one C. which one to buy D. which I should buy it.13. I get such a strong feeling of satisfaction when I see the animals get better and the look of joy on their owners faces. 当我看到动物们变得更好，并且它们的主人的脸上呈现喜悦之情时，我有一种很强烈的满足感。【解析1】such词条词性用法常用结构such形容词修饰名词such a/an +形容词+可数名词单数no/any/ some/ all/ many 等+such+名词such+ 除many/few之外的形容词+可数名词复数such +除much/little之外的形容词+ 不可数名词so程度副词修饰形容词或副词so+ 形容词+a/an + 可数名词复数so+ many/few +可数名词复数so+ much/little+不可数名词【解析1】(1)so that 如此.以致 “So +adj.+ that” “如此以至” 引导结果状语从句 so后面接形容词、副词He was so strong that he could lift the heavy bag.【记】名前such,形副so，多多少少（many, much, few, little）都用so。【2011雅安】17. The girl is _ a nice girl _ we all want to help her. A. such; that B. too; to C. so; that D. very; that【2012江苏镇江】Some word puzzles in this book are _ difficult that _ students can solve them.A. such; few B. such; little C. so; few D. so; little【2012广东河源】The teacher speaks very loudly _ all the students can hear her.A. so that B. because C. since D. when【2013江苏常州2】He offered _ valuable(有价值的）advice that _ people disagreed. A.such; a few B. Such; few C. So ; a few D. So; few【2013江苏泰州1】9. “Im a singer” is _ an interesting TV show _ many people like watching it. A. so; that B. such; that C. so; as D. such; as【解析2】get better 变得更好14. She could read by herself at the age of four. 她在四岁的时候就能够独自阅读。【解析】at the age of 在.岁的时候= when sb. Was . Years old.【2013南京2】28. Do you know Mu Yan? Of course, He won the 2012 Nobel Prize four Literature the age of 57. A. inB. atC. on D. to15. Last year, she decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.去年，她决定尝试在一个课后阅读项目中做一名志愿者。【解析】try out 尝试；实验 try v 试图，设法，努力 【拓展】 (1)try on 试穿 (2) try to do sth 努力做某事 【侧重尽力做】 (3) try doing sth 试图做某事 【侧重尝试做】(4)try ones best to do sth= do ones best to do sth 尽某人最大努力做某事 We should _(尽最大努力)to be happy in the future.( ) We should try _ much fruit. A. eat B. to eat C. eating D. eats16. She still works there once a week to help kids learn to read.她仍然每周在那里工作一次，帮助孩子们学习阅读。【解析】once a week 一周一次【拓展】once = one time一次 twice= two times 两次【注】：三次或三次以上用：“基数词+times”three times 三次 four times 四次 three or four times 三到四次I chat with my friends online_(一两次) a week.【2013年北京】29.-_do you go to the cinema? -Once a month. A. How long B. How far C. How often D. How much17. .，but you can see in their eyes theyre going on a different journey with each new book,., 但是你能从他们的眼睛里看到他们正随着每本新书在进行不 同的旅行。【解析】go on a journey = go on a trip去旅行18. Volunteering here is a dream come true for me.对于我来说，在这里做志愿工作使我梦想成真。【解析】 come true 实现词条是否接宾语用法achieve是主语一般为“人”come true否主语一般是“梦想；理想”We want to see young people _(实现他们的梦想)。_(实现) your dream through great effort is really cool.【2013四川遂宁】27. If we Chinese work hard together. China Dream will _ . A. come out B. come true C. achieve【拓展】与come相关的短语：【短语】come and go 来来回回 come from 来自 come back 回来 come out 出来 come on 加油，快点 come in 进来 come back 回来come over 顺便来访 come true 实现 come up with 想出【2013浙江宁波1】24. Scientists are trying their best to _ ways to treat the terrible disease called H7N9.A. come up with B. look forward to C. talk about D. give up【2013浙江丽水2】25. The great writer has written many stories for children. It is said that a new one will _ at the end of this month.A. go out B. come out C. look out D. run out19. I can do what I love to do and help others at the same time.我不但可以做我自己喜欢的事，同时还可以帮助其他人。【解析】at the same time 同时, 【2011上海】This novel can make you laugh and cry at _ same time. A.a B.an C.the D. /20. However, few people think about what they can do to help others.然而，很少有人会考虑他们能做些什么来帮助他人。【解析1】however 然而【辨析】however和but二者都意为“可是，但是”； but是并列名词，连接两个并列分句，上下二句在总的意义上构成了对比。Ireallydontlikecheese,butIwilltryjustalittlethistime.我实在是不喜欢吃奶酪，但是这次我要尝一点。 however不能直接连接两个分句，必须另起新句，并用逗号隔开。 Itwasraininghard.However,wewentouttolookfortheboy. 雨下得很大，不过我们还是出去寻找那个孩子【解析2】few 几乎没有词条含义修饰的名词的数例句few几乎没有（表否定含义）可数名词复数They know few of usa few 一些（表肯定含义）He made a few mistakeslittle几乎没有（表否定含义）不可数名词I spend very little on fooda little 一些（表肯定含义）I know a little about the story【注】 a few/ few (1)a few, few 用来修饰可数名词。(2)a few “有一些”，表示肯定概念，few 几乎没有，表示否定意义。 The man has been here for many years, so he has a few friends. 这个人在这里住了很多年了，他有一些朋友。 I am a new comer here, so I have few friends here. 我刚来到这里，所以我在这里没有几个朋友。a little/ little (1) a little, little 用于修饰不可数名词。(2) a little “有一些”，表示肯定概念。 little “几乎没有”，表示否定概念。There is a little water in the glass.杯子里有一些水。There is little water in the glass, so you cant drink any. 杯子里几乎没有水了，你不可能喝到水了。【2011无锡1】 There used to be lots of fish in the lake. Yes, but there are very _ now. A. few B. fewer C. little D. Less【2013重庆】The girl in purple is new here, so _ people know her. A. few B .a few C .a little21. There are many people who are less lucky than us .有很多没有我们幸运的人。【解析】less 较少的； 较次的【2012 呼和浩特1】5. To live a green life, we should try to save _ energy and produce_ pollution. A. more; less B. less; more C. more; fewer D. most; least【2013荆门3】113. The worlds population is growing _and there is _land and water for growing rice. A. more; less B. larger; fewer C. larger; less D. more; fewer【2013黔西南3】120. Remember this , children . _careful you are , _mistakes you will make . We know , Mr. Li . A. The more; the more B.The fewer; the more C. The more; the fewer D. The less; the less【注】less 可用在部分双音节和多音节形容词和副词前，构成形容词和副词的比较级。【2013 湖北黄冈】26. How far is Yuhua Middle School from here? Its around five minutes walk. A. about B. over C. more than D. less than【2013湖北十堰】13. Many boy students think math is _ English. I agree. Im weak in English. A. much difficult thanB. so difficult as C. less difficult thanD. more difficult than 22. For example , we can make plans to visit sick children in the hospital or raise money for homeless people. 例如， 我们可以制定一些计划去看望医院生病的孩子们或者无家可归的人们筹钱。【解析1】for examplefor example“例如”，一般只以同类事物或人中的“一个”为例，作插入语， 用逗号隔开，可置于句首、句中或句末。 For example，he is a good student. 例如，他就是个好学生。 such as“例如”，用来列举同类人或事物中的几个例子。 可以和and so on 连用。 Boys such as John and James are very friendly. 像约翰和詹姆斯这样的男孩都很友好。 【解析2】 raise （raised; raised) v 募集；征集 raise money for. “为.筹款”【解析3】 home n 家homeless adj. 无家可归的be home to = be the home of sb. 成为家园 a homeless boy 一个无家可归的男孩【2011宁夏】28. We have only one Earth. Its our common _.A. family B. house C. home D. room【拓展】由home构成的合成词： homeland n 祖国 hometown n 家乡 homework 家庭作业homeless adj. 无家可归的 home-made adj. 自制的【2013河南】23 He was born in Italy, but he has made Chi