英语六级快速阅读.ppt

快速阅读 Skimming and Scanning CET-6快速阅读 o题型？ o要求？ o命题方式 o解题思路 CET-6快速阅读 o在CET-6考试中，“快速阅读”题型是紧跟第一大 题写作题之后的第二大题，分值占整个CET-6考 试卷的10%。其组成为一篇字数为1300字左右的 英语文章，在文章后给出10道题要求考生回答 。 o文章所涉及到的内容主要是科普方面的议论文 和说明文。 CET-6快速阅读 o快速阅读，顾名思义，该题型目的在于测试考 生在单位时间内的阅读量。针对给出的1300左 右英文单词的文章，考生被要求在15分钟内读 完文章并对文章后的10个问题给出答案。考生 有效阅读速度应该在120个单词/分以上。 o快速阅读考查的考生两大能力为短时间内抓住 主题能力-略读（skimming）和定位信息能力-寻 读（scanning）。 CET-6之快速阅读 o大学英语六级考试大纲的规定和样题: 六级 考试中的快速阅读文中后的10道题，前4题为正 误判断题，正确的选Y，错误的选N，文章中未 涉及的内容选NG，后面6题为填空题，要求考 生根据文章内容补全句子。 o07年后: 7道配有A、B、C、D四个选项的多项选 择题和3道填空题。 o CET-6之快速阅读 o多项选择题（Multiple Choice） o 该题型已为考生所熟悉，即从多个选项中选出一个 最佳答案。其类型有以下两种： o1）从4个选项中选出一个最佳答案将题干句子补充完 整： oIf you add enough insulation to your house, you may be able to _ _. o A. improve your work environment o B. cut your utility bills by half o C. get rid of air-conditioners o D. enjoy much better health CET-6之快速阅读 o2) 题目是一个问句，4个答案均是可能为正确答 案的选择项，要求考生选择出最佳答案。 o What does European Union plan to do? o A. Diversify energy supply. o B. Cut energy consumption. o C. Reduce carbon emissions. o D. Raise production efficiency. CET-6之快速阅读 o填空题（Blank-filling） o要求考生根据从文章中读到的内容把有空白的 题干句子填补完整。如下： o 8. Energy service contractors profit by taking a part of clients _. o 9. Many environmentalists maintain the view that conservation has much to do with _. o10. The strongest incentives for energy conservation will derive from _. o CET-6之快速阅读 o由以上的真题可以看出，填空题的答案一般来 自于原文，可以直接找出；填空的词数一般不 超过5个，但句式都做了调整， 考生如果要从这 种变化了的句型中找到正确的答案，关键还是 在于要读懂原文。 CET-6之快速阅读 o由上述的讲解可知，快速阅读主要考查考生运 用略读-skimming和寻读-scanning两种阅读技巧 来获知大意和检索细节的能力。 o与仔细阅读相比，快速阅读的重点不在于理解 的深度，句子的难度不大，其重点在于阅读的 速度。 o训练的核心： o通过对”定位-查找-复核“方法的掌握和操练来提 高我们阅读速度和准确率。 o 略读目的： 1. 了解文章主题；2. 把握文章结构； 3. 对各部分 内容有粗略印象；4. 判断文章主旨 tips：首先快速浏览一下全文，边读边用笔划出 每部分的主题句或主题词（通常在段首或段尾 ），这样，以后做题会快很多。 快速阅读文章通常有两种形式： 有小标题的文章，无小标题文章 1. 有小标题文章 o每个部分的小标题就为该部分主题词，但主题 词通常过于简略，还需要划出主题句。把握主 题词，划出主题句，是我们略读时应该做的。 What will the world be like in fifty years? oThis week some top scientists, including Nobel Prize winners, gave their vision of how the world will look in 2056, from gas-powered cars to extraordinary health advances. John Ingham reports on what the worlds finest minds believe our futures will be. o For those of us lucky enough to live that long, 2056 will be a world of almost perpetual youth, where obesity is remote memory and robots become our companions. o we will be rubbing shoulders with aliens 无小标题的文章 o 文章中间没有小标题，没有明显的每一部分的 分隔，这个时候，要求考生自觉或不自觉的根 据行文的节奏、变化，分出部分，并划出每一 部分的主题句或主题词，就显得更为重要。 o 例子： 五类定位信息 o一，题目顺序与行文顺序基本一致 o 题目的分布一般按照行文先后顺序，并且 较为均匀。 o二， 文章首尾及各段首尾 文章开头结束一般都有文章的主旨，而各段 的首尾则是对该段内容的总结和概括。 o找定位信息词的目的是将题干信息回到原位对应 。对应最简单的方法就是原词重现，也就是题干 中的定位信息词在原文中一模一样的出现。在英 语语法中名词是最难被替换的，例如：China, 1980s, MBA等；而能被同义替换（Paraphrase） 的词通常是动词、形容词和副词，例如：do可以 被undertake替换，excellent可以被outstanding替换 。因此我们首先要找到那些不容易被替换的名词 ，这样很容易找到原文的对应。 o三，年代，数字（小数，百分比），数量 o 注意文章中出现的阿拉伯数字 o四，人名，地名等专有名词 o 这些专有名词一般以大写字母开头，在文章 中易于寻找。 o五，标点符号 o 注意特别的标点符号尤其是破折号和小括号 ，冒号等，帮助我们理解词义，同时定位题目 出处。 利用选项缩小定位范围 oCommunity colleges have low graduation rates generallybut rock-bottom rates for minorities. A recent review of California community colleges found that while a third of the Asian students picked up the degrees, only 15% of African-Americans did so as well. oHow many African-American students earned their degrees in California community colleges according to a recent review? A) Fifteen percent B) Thirty-nine percent C) Thirty-nine percent D) Sixty-seven percent oLighting eats up 20 percent of the worlds electricity, or the equivalent of roughly 600,000 tons of coal a day. Forty percent of that powers old-fashioned incandescent light bulbsa 19th-century technology that wastes most of the power it consumes on unwanted heat. oHow much of the power consumed by incandescent bulb is converted into light? A. A small portion B. Some 40 percent C. Almost half. D. 75 to 80 percent 快速阅读六级 o快速阅读的五类考查形式 o1. Y题 o 题干是对原文的同义转述 o 题干是对原文的正确总结、概括或推断 o2. N题 o a. 题干运用原文词汇，但表达了相反意思 o b. 题干偷换了原文的主语或宾语 o3. NG o a. 题干中部分或全部信息没有在文中出现 Y o原文：Computers are gaining in popularity, despite their cost. o题目：Computers, though expensive, are more popular than they used to be. o原文：A lot of lecturers find their jobs very rewarding. o题目：Many lecturers get satisfaction from their work No o原文：Biologically, a species becomes extinct when its last individual dies. o题目：In biological terms, a species is said to be extinct when only one individual exists. o原文：Since the start of Winter Games, 45 out of 46 gold medals in mens Nordic skiing event have been won by competitors from Scandinavia or the former Soviet Union. o题目：Only Russians have won gold medals in the mens winter Olympics. o原文：Another theory is that worldwide temperature increases are melting polar ice caps. o题目：It is a fact that the melting of ice caps in both south and north poles are worsened by worldwide increase in temperature. o原文：Booking in advance is strongly recommended as all our agencies are subject to demand. In special circumstances, long- distance bus tickets can also be purchased from the driver. o题目：Tickets must be bought in advance from any one of our authorized agents. o原文：The Internet has often been criticized by the international society as a newly- emerging dangerous tool in the hands of terrorists. 题目：The international society has often criticized the Internet because it is not safe. NG o原文：I would suggest that foxes pose a greater problem, yet there is no passionate public campaign to oust foxes, presumably because it is obvious we