初探高中英语听力教学的有效策略.ppt

,课题成果汇报- 初探高中英语听力教学的有效策略,,我的迷惑,听力到底重要不重要？ 高中的英语教学中，我们为何不够重视听力的强化训练和指导？,,原因,一方面，听力对英语知识的要求相对简单，如果有一定的英语基础就可以应付。 另一方面，受学校的师资力量、课时安排和硬件设施的制约，无法开出专门的听力课。,,一、听力的日常教学,,我们在日常的教学中发现，有很多学生存在语音语调不准确，词汇量不足，以及心理不稳定的听力障碍。,,1、语音语调不扎实妨碍信息的识别与处理,例如： w: what do you think of the dessert? i made it myself. m: delicious. even my mums cant match this. q: what does the man mean? a. this dessert tastes good. b. both desserts taste good. c. his mother cant make the dessert.,学生在语间、语调方面的问题一方面表现为发音不准，另一方面 表现为不熟悉和不习惯语音语调在语流中的变化，如连读、同化、 失去爆破、语调升降等。,,2、词汇量不足影响学生听力理解的效果,词汇是语言的基础，词汇的匮乏必然影响思想交流和语言交际。由于缺乏必要的词汇知识，学生无法对感知的一连串语音作出正确的意义切分和判断，因而不能对前后感知的语音进行联想判断。 m: is this nice-looking straw hat light and strong? w: yes, you can wear it rain or shine. q: what are they talking about? a. weather. b. an attractive hut. c. a lovely hat.,,3.心理素质不稳定，易走神，易紧张，影响听力效果。 教学中我们还发现，有的学生在听听力时，尤其是听力测试时感到紧张，心理负担过重，结果越担心听不懂，越是无法集中精力。听的过程中走神了，等回过来，材料已经读完；有时一篇对话或独白，开头没听懂，大脑就一片空白，再也听不进去，更别说做题了。,,针对这些，建议在高中英语日常教学中，从以下几方面入手来培养学生的听力技能。,,1.培养良好心态 a.良好的心理素质：很多考生平时听力成绩并不差，但正式考试总不理想，其根本原因就是心里素质差造成的。听力测试时，要提前进场，以便集中一下精力，要做到心情平静，心态放松，精力集中。如果感到测试前心情比较紧张，可试着做深呼吸或闭目几分钟，直到精力集中，可有效缓解紧张情绪，使全身放松。切记：放松、沉着、冷静是保持最佳应试状态的前提。 b.克服急躁心理：有些同学在听力测试时，不是听材料大意，而是专注于听个别单词。有个别词没听懂，往往停下来去思索，随即产生急躁焦虑心理，头脑一片空白，等回过神来时，录音早已放完。因此要学会顾全大局，局部放弃而取整体，因为在听力过程中个别句子没听懂（有的可能是弱读、连续，爆破等朗读技巧造成的）应马上转移注意力，否则会因小失大，得不偿失。正常情况下，几秒钟就可能听到几十个词语，而声音一旦消失，作题就失去依据。正确的办法是毫不迟疑地跳过去，接着往下听，等录音材料放完后再凭记忆去猜测。,,2.多练、常听但不长听，且保持良好状态,1) 一般以每次20-30分钟为宜进行常规题型训练 2）反复演练真题 首先要研究真题，弄清楚往年真题考试都是那种类型， 是新闻 还是故事。同时，还要研究考试题的特点，哪一类问题该怎样回答，有什么固定的问答模式。 3）跟读练习 最好找出往年考试真题的原磁带，采用跟读的方式，体 会真题的语素，争取把真题每一个问题和句子都弄清楚。听历年 真题，最好的方法：“dictation”，放一句听一句。 4）保持良好听力状态 有些同学认为，我的听力很好，现在可以随便听听，其实不是这样，现在如果不好好巩固，听力水平也会下滑的。高考听力考试 时间是20分钟，所以，建议考前一两个月，考生至少要保持每天 30分钟以上的听力练习量。主要应该以真题为主，还可以适当用 一些仿真度比较高的模拟试题。,,近几年高考英语听力的命题重点主要集中在人物活动，个人情况，地点场所，原因，时间，态度、观点、建议，语意理解，主旨大意，方式方法，数字，天气11个方面。 整理要点相关单词，考点列表。,3.考点专项梳理,,4. 精听为主、泛听为辅 泛听对发展能力有益。而短期听力的提高根本上要靠精听。 精听是在练听的基本功，要求听懂单词、短语和句型。在不看材料文字的情况下，反复听直到听出每一个单词为止。泛听是对精听的补充，只要求听懂大意和关键词，选择的泛听材料范围要广，难度可适当高些。,,round 3,“yesterday once more” is a popular song by “carpenter”. in order to learn to sing this song, sam writes some of the words down ,案例一 精听,,when i was young id listen to the radio waiting for my favorite songs when they play id sing along it made me smile those were such happy times and not such long ago how i wonder where theyd gone but theyre back again just like a long lost friend all the songs i love so well every sha-la-la-la every wo-wo still shine every shinga-linga-ling,so,played,1111,案例一 精听,,案例二：泛听 m4 u 5 theme parks 视频,shanghai disneyland to be smallest park,,m4 u 5 theme parks 教案片段 teaching aims:listen to a news report about shanghai disneyland to help ss consolidate several words connected with the topic t: (greetings) boys and girls, wonderful to see you today. first, i want to start with some questions. but how can you get the answers? it is from a video. 1. what did the host tell us? (disney will be built in shanghai) (注:括号内为该题的参考答案。) 2.which key words mentioned in the news? you can choose the ones you like (disney/energetic/amusement park /the smallest park/cartoon character/and so on),,案例三： m2u5 music -listening 教案片段 精听加泛听 task 1: listen to the first time and answer the following questions:(注:括号内为该题的参考答案。) who is the person mentioned in the conversation? (michael jackson.) how many songs have been introduced in the dialogue? what are they? (more than five/beat it/thriller/black and white/ i want you back/ man in the mirror etc.) what is the main idea in the passage? (introduce the life of michael jackson. from his birth to his death) task 2: listen to a shorter passage and fill in the missing words.(注:划线部分为需要填入的词汇。) today we tell about one of the most famous performers in the world, michael jackson. known as the “king of pop”, jackson sold more than seven hundred fifty million albums over his career. michael jackson redefined popular culture with his energetic music, dance moves and revolutionary music videos. but jacksons huge success as a performer was not always easy. he was a complex individual with an often troubled private life. in nineteen eighty-five, michael jackson helped write the song “we are the world.” he recorded it with many other famous performers. the aim of the record was to raise money for starving people in africa. the project raised millions of dollars with this best selling song.,,小结,1、听力水平的提高不是一日之功。 2、听力练习不可间断。 3、多样化的听力教学更能激发学生的 听力学习兴趣,,二、听力的应试技巧三部曲,,听力应试三部曲,听前环节: 1. 安定情绪，集中精力 2. 听好试音部分，尽快进入听音状态。 3. 掠读抢读题目，比较选项差异，预测内容 听中环节： 带着问题捕捉信息，速记要点。 听后环节： 速决速断，马上准备下一题，切忌反复不定。拿不准时，相信第一感觉。,,听前环节：充分利用试卷刚发下来，听力还未播放的宝贵 时间，阅读听力试题，并用铅笔在听力试题上画出重点(听力的试题部分考生可以在上面涂写，但是答卷部分禁止)。此刻考生可以运用预测技巧，对听力内容进行有的放矢的预测。养成先读题、预测听力内容的好习惯。,例如：听下面一段话，回答11-13小题 11. what did the man put up on his wall yesterday? a. the picture he drew b. the picture he took. c. the picture his friend gave him. 12. what is probably the man? a. a photographer b. a model c. a visitor 13. how many cameras does the man have? a. a dozen b. more than two c. only two,,听中环节： (1) 善于利用说话人的语气来辅助判断信息 要注意听对话者之间的委婉表达。这种题需要考生仔细推敲，找出其“潜台词”。捕捉“弦外之音“，如降调表示赞同肯定；升调表示疑问否定。 london bri