高考英语完型填空解题策略训练教学设计.doc

嘉兴英语网 收集整理本设计是广州市高考备考教研活动的研讨材料教学设计 - 高考完型填空解题策略训练广州市第五中学 陈艳华教学时间：40分钟教学内容：高考完型填空解题策略指导与训练学生情况分析： 学生目前已经完成一轮一到八模块基础语言知识和主要语法项目的复习，转入专项题型训练阶段。从过往的情况来看，完型填空题的正确率是不太理想的，原因主要在于两个方面：一是词汇搭配和语义辨析不过关，遗忘率较高；二是没有根据题型特点运用适当的解题策略，往往由于脱离上下文，偏离主线而出错。前者要在下一轮的复习中继续巩固积累；后者则需要进行有效策略的指导，这正是本节课的目标定位，让学生学会充分利用篇章，句子，词汇提供的信息命中正确选项。同时在前一轮的复习中发现教师讲，学生听的方式效果不理想，学生听完就忘了，所以还是应把训练落实到做上，从做中去体验，思考和学习。教学材料分析：本节课选编的材料分为三个部分，第一部分是按照所用技巧分类的练习，让学生集中训练三种技巧，全部节选自历届高考题；第二部分是一篇完型填空的文章部分，选项部分放在第三部分；三个部分依此发给学生，让学生顺着教师的指引进行训练。教学目标设置：本节课是针对高考题型完型填空的专题训练课，目的在于帮助学生形成正确清晰的解题思路，掌握有效的技巧，从而增强备考的信心，并明确今后努力的方向。在教学策略上贯彻“在做中学，学中做”的教学策略，让学生在课堂上通过亲身体验各种解题技巧形成自己的策略，得到思维的锻炼。具体目标设定如下：1了解完型填空的题型特点，掌握简单有效的技巧和正确的解题步骤，提高答题正确率；其中重点是各种技巧在实践中的熟练运用； 2.通过大量的训练实践引导学生观察，归纳，思考，运用，帮助他们熟练进而内化并能运用有效的解题策略，锻炼思维及实操能力。教学方式：归纳法；演绎法；观察法；自主学习与合作学习的方法等教学过程设计序号教 学 内 容教 学 目 的1独立完成分类完型填空练习本环节的训练涉及到不同技巧的运用，目的在于让学生以分类的形式接触不同类型的设问方式，从而自我反思，归纳出相应的技巧策略2小组讨论答案及选择的理由学生通过与同伴的交流，对照彼此的观点，有助于开阔思路，从而调整或肯定自己的想法3师生共同归纳其中的技巧教师参与交流，引导学生更深刻地领会各种技巧对答题的帮助4整篇完型填空练习学生可以亲自验证以上技巧在整篇练习中的有效性；同时在本环节还会引导学生按一定的步骤完成任务，鼓励他们在今后的学习中多尝试对照不同策略解题的有效性，从而形成适合自己的策略5只给出文章部分，学生快速阅读，把握主旨完型填空所涉及的是一系列与上下文相联系的设空，所以对于文章整体内容的理解和对作者写作意图的把握对于正确答案的获取非常关键；如果在不了解文章主旨的情况下即作出选择是较容易偏离方向而导致错误的出现；所以在这一步，学生无法看到选项，目的是让他们调整策略，养成先抓住主线的习惯6仔细阅读首句和末句，并结合所有已知信息确定主题及作者意图首句往往有开篇明意的作用，而末句往往是文章的小结或挑明作者的意图，首尾相连，可以进一步确定文章的主线和作者的意图，为下一步的选择做好理解上的充分准备7给出选项，认真推敲确定答案通过对文章的理解，技巧的运用，作出选择；学生在做的过程中体会答题的策略8小组讨论，对照答案，运用所学技巧验证答案，排除干扰让学生用相应的技巧验证答案的正确性，并排除干扰项，进一步体会和熟练运用技巧策略9选出两个小组展示讨论结果，师生共同对照讨论答案把答案背后的技巧点出来，使学生进一步体会到掌握正确的方法是提高正确率的保障，从而也增强了解题的信心10课堂小结引导学生整理思路，明确答题策略的重要性，建议多尝试不同的方式，对照其有效性，包括正确率及速度，从而确定最适合自己的有效策略11作业布置-备考指南相关部分巩固所学，进一步训练（详细教学过程见附录1）教学反思 一般对于完型填空的训练多采取整篇训练的方式，尽管讲评过程中教师也会指导答题策略，但是会显得分散，学生听完后印象不深刻，感受也不如本节课集中突破的方式强烈。在课堂的最后部分，感觉学生的思路较为清晰，掌握了方法也使他们更加有信心去面对这一题型。 附录1：详细教学过程Step One Find out skills in doing cloze tests.*Get students to do several parts of the cloze tests taken from NMET.*Discuss the answers first in a group and then with the teacher and find out the skills used in different parts.Step Two Practise doing a cloze test.*Get students to read the passage of a cloze test in one minute and a half with these questions in their mind:What is the passage about? ( who; what; when; where; why; how)*Get students to focus on the first sentence and then the last. Try to see how the two sentences help them get the theme and clue of the story.*Get students to choose the answers in 5 minutes.*Discuss their answers in a group first and then with the whole class.Step Three Summarize the approaches for doing a cloze text.Step Four Assignment 附录2: 教学材料（练习）使用说明：依此发放Part 1, 2, 3 的材料高考完型填空解题策略训练Part 1技巧一： _*（04天津卷）The other girls rushed 39 me. I felt 40. ashamed as I fell farther and farther behind. “Hooray!” shouted the crowd. It was the loudest 41 I had ever heard at a meet. The first-place runner was two laps ahead of me when she crossed the finishing line. When I finished, I heard a cheer- 47. louder than the one Id heard earlier.39. A. from behind B. ahead of C. next to D. close to41. A. cheer B. shout C. cry D. noise *(04北京卷) he told me I needed to relax because I looked nervous . After I 55 down, I played better.55. A. fell B. stepped C. slowed D. calmed*(04广东卷) “Ring up this lady. She wants a 51 immediately. In fact, you would have to start tomorrow by cooking a dinner for ten people.”51. A. cook B. help C. teacher D. secretary* “Im angry with 50 . I realize Ive failed as a father. Im going to walk home now and think seriously about50. A. you B. myself C. me D. yourself技巧二： _* (05全国卷) The man had a newspaper 38 in front of him, which he was 39 to read, but I could 40. see that he was keeping an eye on me.38. A. flat B. open C. cut D. fixed39. A. hoping B. thinking C. pretending D. continuing*(04北京卷) I was very thin 47 I started football, but as a member of this team I wouldnt eat much, because I was afraid of being too 48 to run.47. A. till B. since C. before D. because 48. A. full B. tired C. lazy D. big技巧三： _* (04江苏卷) On 39 days, she wore heavy clothes and a pair of woolen gloves39. A. sunny B. rainy C. cloudy D. snowy*(04广东卷) I had seen an agency advertised in a local newspaper. I rushed out of the 36 in search of it. I was wildly excited, and as 37 as if I were going on the stage.36. A. bed B. house C. agency D. office37. A. proud B. pleased C. nervous D. worriedPart 2(A)The young engineer sat down on a rock and rested his head in his hands. He would never get home, it was 1 . For weeks he had been lost in the northwest Canadian forest. Now there was a terrible 2 behind his eyes, and worst of all, he had gone 3 . Suddenly a man appeared out of the woods, an Indian who had been hunting in the area. Seeing the engineers 4 , he caught a fish in a nearby stream and fed the sick man the 5 of the fish and some flesh from its head. 6 within a few hours the engineers pain was 7 . A day later he could 8 again, and the next day he had completely recovered.When he returned home, the engineer told the 9 to Dr Price. Not until years later did it become an accepted fact that this was just an everyday 10 doing its work. What the engineer did, by eating fish eyes, was to take his vitamin A, which protected his eyes from eye problems.Part 31.A. hopelessB. useless C. carelessD. timeless2.A. sceneB. illness C. painD. heat3.A. madB. angry C. blindD. wrong4.A. starvationB. thirst C. realityD. trouble5.A. tailB. skin C. boneD. eyes6.A. PossiblyB. Surprisingly C. FortunatelyD. Immediately7.A. shownB. gone C. settledD. disappeared8.A. seeB. speak C. walkD. work9.A. newsB. result C. secretD. story10.A. sightB. food C. lifeguardD. service点评：在历年高考中完型填空是比较容易失分的题项，虽然看上去也是选择题，但却与语法和词汇的选择题大不一样。完型填空题是集词语辨析、词的用法以及搭配、语法、单句理解、语篇理解的考查为一体的综合题，它主要测试学生的语言知识、阅读能力和总体语言水平，检查学生在有信息空缺的前提下理解整篇文章的能力，要求通过上下文判断，选择恰当的单词或词组填入空格中，使之成为上下合乎逻辑、语言通顺、意义连贯的文章。它不但要求同学们具有扎实的基础知识，而且还要求必须具备较强的分析理解、逻辑推断能力及语感。因此理解文章的意思是关键。还要具备扎实的单词、词组、句型和语法知识；也要有逻辑推理的能力和归纳的能力。此外，对英语国家文化背景知识的掌握也有助于提高此练习的准确率。完型填空的空格分为三种：语法性空格、词汇性空格和篇章性空格，前两项虽与语法、词汇有关，却更注重对上下文的理解，第三种属于较难的，考察对全文及作者意图的理解。正确的解题过程应分为三步：通读全文、预设答案、重新检查。现在很多学生在做完型填空题时往往是一碰到空格就马上看选项做出答案的