2018年高考英语一轮复习每日一题第02周名词的数.docx

2017年7月10日考点 名词的数高考频度： 难易程度：1. （2017全国新课标卷I语法填空）This trend, which was started by the medical community（医学界） as a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.2.（2016全国新课标卷I语法填空）Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asias biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top 61 (attract). The nursery team switches him every few 69 (day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, 70(the) other is with mum she never suspects.61.【答案】attraction【解析】考查名词。 形容词top后面跟名词形式。69.【答案】days【解析】考查名词复数。few修饰复数名词。3.You should take more _. Dont always sit at the desk busy doing your_.A. exercise；exerciseB. exercises；exercisesC. exercises；exerciseD. exercise；exercises【答案】D【解析】exercise作运动讲时，是不可数名词；作练习讲时，是可数名词，有复数形式。本句第一空为多做运动，第二空为练习。【解题必备】可数名词的复数(1)规则变化情况方法例词一般情况加sstudents，teachers，doc tors，tables以s，x，ch，sh结尾加esglasses，dishes，boxes，watches但stomach复数形式直接加s，即stomachs以辅音字母y结尾变y为i再加esfamilies，babies，armies，bodies以元音字母y结尾加sboys，toys，pianos，photos以f或fe结尾大都变f或fe为v，再加esthieves，wives，knives，shelves，lives少数加sbeliefs，proofs，roofs，chiefs以o结尾通常加sradios，videos，zoos，tobaccos有的加esheroes，potatoes，tomatoes注意：以o结尾的下列名词要加es，它们是黑人英雄在回声中吃土豆、西红柿，即Negroes，heroes，echoes，potatoes，tomatoes。但下列以o结尾的名词既可以加es，也可以加s，它们是：zeros(zeroes)零，mosquitos (mosquitoes)蚊子，volcanos(volcanoes)火山。以f或fe结尾的下列名词需要把f或fe去掉，加ves，它们是为了自己活命，小偷和他的妻子手里拿着刀子和树叶站在架子上，把狼劈成两半，即selves，lives，thieves，wives，knives，leaves，shelves，wolves，halves。但下列以f结尾的名词既可以去掉f加ves，也可以直接加s，如：handkerchiefs (handkerchieves) 手帕。名词前有man或woman修饰，变复数时，作定语的man 或woman和后面的名词都要变成复数。如：woman doctorwomen doctors(2)不规则变化常见单复数同形的名词Chinese 中国人；sheep 绵羊；deer鹿；series 系列；means 方式；works 工厂；fish 鱼；fruit 水果等。其中fish，fruit表示种类时，可加复数词尾，即fishes，fruits。自身有特殊变化的名词child孩子childrenman男人mentooth牙teethfoot脚，英尺feetmouse老鼠micephenomenon现象phenomenamedium传播媒介media不可数名词具体化(1)通常只用作不可数名词的名词：advice建议， furniture家具， fun乐趣；information信息，news新闻， weather天气， progress进步，wealth财富，value价值等。(2)不可数名词具体化具有某种特性、状态、情感的抽象名词在表示具体的概念时，可以与不定冠词连用，常考的有：单词抽象名词意义具体化名词意义success 成功成功的人或事pleasure乐趣令人高兴的事beauty美；美丽美丽的人或事物comfort安慰；慰藉令人感到安慰的人或事物danger危险危险的人或因素delight高兴令人高兴的事 failure失败失败的人或事物surprise惊奇令人惊奇的事情 shock震惊令人震惊的事情pride骄傲令人骄傲的事情Your contribution will certainly make the event a huge success.你的贡献一定会使这个事件很成功。物质名词具体化drink饮料two drinks 两杯饮料coffee咖啡a coffee一杯咖啡chalk 粉笔a chalk 一支粉笔hair 头发a hair 一根头发抽象名词与a(an)连用，淡化了抽象概念，转化为似乎可以体验到的动作、行为或类别。例如：Being able to afford a drink would be a comfort in those tough times.在那些艰难的时期，能够买得起一杯酒会是一件欣慰的事。【名师点睛】名词的数的常考点：1. 不可数名词可以转化为可数名词：抽象名词具体化则转化为可数名词； 2. 只能修饰可数名词复数的短语：a good / great many, a (great / large) number of, scores of, dozens of， plenty of；3. 只能修饰不可数名词的短语：a great deal of, a great /large amount of1. _ food and equipment was kept in that cave during the war time.A. Quite a few B. Large quantities ofC. A great deal of D.A large/great number of2. The young dancers looked so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took _ _ pictures of them .A. manyof B. massesofC. thenumberof D. alargeamountof3. Residents in the remote area have _ about what the disease is all about, not to mention prevention and treatment.A. a little knowledge B. little knowledgeC. few knowledges D. a few knowledges2. B 【解析】A项中many后of多余； C项表示的数量，a number of 表示许多；D项修饰不可数名词。pictures为可数名词，应用masse