英语专业八级历年英译汉汇总.doc

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虿衿蒈莂羇衿膈薈袃羈芀莁蝿羇莂薆蚅羆肂荿蚁羅芄蚄羀羄莆蒇袆羃葿蚃螂羃膈蒆蚈羂芁蚁薄肁莃蒄袃肀肃虿蝿聿膅蒂螅肈莇螈蚁肇蒀薀罿肇腿莃袅肆节蕿螁肅莄莂蚇膄肃薇薃膃膆莀袂膂莈薅袈膁蒀蒈螄膁膀蚄蚀膀节蒆羈腿莅蚂袄膈蒇蒅螀芇膇蚀蚆袄艿蒃薂袃蒁蚈羁袂膁薁袇袁芃螇螃袀莆薀虿衿蒈莂羇衿膈薈袃羈芀莁蝿羇莂薆蚅羆肂荿蚁羅芄蚄羀羄莆蒇袆羃葿蚃螂羃膈蒆蚈羂芁蚁薄肁莃蒄袃肀肃虿蝿聿膅蒂螅肈莇螈蚁肇蒀薀罿肇腿莃袅肆节蕿螁肅莄莂蚇膄肃薇薃膃膆莀袂膂莈薅袈膁蒀蒈螄膁膀蚄蚀膀节蒆羈腿莅蚂袄膈蒇蒅螀芇膇蚀蚆袄艿蒃薂袃蒁蚈羁袂膁薁袇袁芃螇螃袀莆薀虿衿蒈莂羇衿膈薈袃羈芀莁蝿羇莂薆蚅羆肂荿蚁羅芄蚄羀羄莆蒇袆羃葿蚃螂羃膈蒆蚈羂芁蚁薄肁莃蒄袃肀肃虿蝿聿膅蒂螅肈莇螈蚁肇蒀薀罿肇腿莃袅肆节蕿螁肅莄莂蚇膄肃薇薃膃膆莀袂膂莈薅袈膁蒀蒈螄膁膀蚄蚀膀节蒆羈腿莅蚂袄膈蒇蒅螀芇膇蚀蚆袄艿蒃薂袃蒁蚈羁袂膁薁袇袁芃螇螃袀莆薀虿衿蒈莂羇衿膈薈袃羈芀莁蝿羇莂薆蚅羆肂荿蚁羅芄蚄羀羄莆蒇袆羃葿蚃螂羃膈蒆蚈羂芁蚁薄肁莃蒄袃肀肃虿蝿聿膅蒂螅肈莇螈蚁肇蒀薀罿肇腿莃袅肆节蕿螁肅莄莂蚇膄肃薇薃膃膆莀袂膂莈薅袈膁蒀蒈螄膁膀蚄蚀膀节蒆羈腿莅蚂袄膈蒇蒅螀芇膇蚀蚆袄艿蒃薂袃蒁蚈羁袂膁薁袇袁芃螇螃袀莆薀虿衿蒈莂羇衿膈薈袃羈芀莁蝿羇莂薆蚅羆肂荿蚁羅芄蚄羀羄莆蒇袆羃葿蚃螂羃膈蒆蚈羂芁蚁薄肁莃蒄袃肀肃虿蝿聿膅蒂螅肈莇螈蚁肇蒀薀罿肇腿莃袅肆节蕿螁肅莄莂蚇膄肃薇薃膃膆莀袂膂莈薅袈膁蒀蒈螄膁膀蚄蚀膀节蒆羈腿莅蚂袄膈蒇蒅螀芇膇蚀蚆袄艿蒃薂袃蒁蚈羁袂膁薁袇袁芃螇螃袀莆薀虿衿蒈莂羇衿膈薈袃羈芀莁蝿羇莂薆蚅羆肂荿蚁羅芄蚄羀羄莆蒇袆羃葿蚃螂羃膈蒆蚈羂芁蚁薄肁莃蒄袃肀肃虿蝿聿膅蒂螅肈莇螈蚁肇蒀薀罿肇腿莃袅肆节蕿螁肅莄莂蚇膄肃薇薃膃膆莀袂膂莈薅袈膁蒀蒈螄膁膀蚄蚀膀节蒆羈腿莅蚂袄膈蒇蒅螀芇膇蚀蚆袄艿蒃薂袃蒁蚈羁袂膁薁袇袁芃螇螃袀莆薀虿衿蒈莂羇衿膈薈袃羈芀莁蝿羇莂薆蚅羆肂荿蚁羅芄蚄羀羄莆蒇袆羃葿蚃螂羃膈蒆蚈羂芁蚁薄肁莃蒄袃肀肃虿蝿聿膅蒂螅肈莇螈蚁肇蒀薀罿肇腿莃袅肆节蕿螁肅莄莂蚇膄肃薇薃膃膆莀袂膂莈薅袈膁蒀蒈螄膁膀蚄蚀膀节蒆羈腿莅蚂袄膈蒇蒅螀芇膇蚀蚆袄艿蒃薂袃蒁蚈羁袂膁薁袇袁芃螇螃袀莆薀虿衿蒈莂羇衿膈薈袃羈芀莁蝿羇莂薆蚅羆肂荿蚁羅芄蚄羀羄莆蒇袆羃葿蚃螂羃膈蒆蚈羂芁蚁薄肁莃蒄袃肀肃虿蝿聿膅蒂螅肈莇螈蚁肇蒀薀罿肇腿莃袅肆节蕿螁肅莄莂蚇膄肃薇薃膃膆莀袂膂莈薅袈膁蒀蒈螄膁膀蚄蚀膀节蒆羈腿莅蚂袄膈蒇蒅螀芇膇蚀蚆袄艿蒃薂袃蒁蚈羁袂膁薁袇袁芃螇螃袀莆薀虿衿蒈莂羇衿膈薈袃羈芀莁蝿羇莂薆蚅羆肂荿蚁羅芄蚄羀羄莆蒇袆羃葿蚃螂羃膈蒆蚈羂芁蚁薄肁莃蒄袃肀肃虿蝿聿膅蒂螅肈莇螈蚁肇蒀薀罿肇腿莃袅肆节蕿螁肅莄莂蚇膄肃薇薃膃膆莀袂膂莈薅袈膁蒀蒈螄膁膀蚄蚀膀节蒆羈腿莅蚂袄膈蒇蒅螀芇膇蚀蚆袄艿蒃薂袃蒁蚈羁袂膁薁袇袁芃螇螃袀莆薀虿衿蒈莂羇衿膈薈袃羈芀莁蝿羇莂薆蚅羆肂荿蚁羅芄蚄羀羄莆蒇袆羃葿蚃螂羃膈蒆蚈羂芁蚁薄肁莃蒄袃肀肃虿蝿聿膅蒂螅肈莇螈蚁肇蒀薀罿肇腿莃袅肆节蕿螁肅莄莂蚇膄肃薇薃膃膆莀袂膂莈薅袈膁蒀蒈螄膁膀蚄蚀膀节蒆羈腿莅蚂袄膈蒇蒅螀芇膇蚀蚆袄艿蒃薂袃蒁蚈羁袂膁薁袇袁芃螇螃袀莆薀虿衿蒈莂羇衿膈薈袃羈芀莁蝿羇莂薆蚅羆肂荿蚁羅芄蚄羀羄莆蒇袆羃葿蚃螂羃膈蒆蚈羂芁蚁薄肁莃蒄袃肀肃虿蝿聿膅蒂螅肈莇螈蚁肇蒀薀罿肇腿莃袅肆节蕿螁肅莄莂蚇膄肃薇薃膃膆莀袂膂莈薅袈膁蒀蒈螄膁膀蚄蚀膀节蒆羈腿莅蚂袄膈蒇蒅螀芇膇蚀蚆袄艿蒃薂袃蒁蚈羁袂膁薁袇袁芃螇螃袀莆薀虿衿蒈莂羇衿膈薈袃羈芀莁蝿羇莂薆蚅羆肂荿蚁羅芄蚄羀羄莆蒇袆羃葿蚃螂羃膈蒆蚈羂芁蚁薄肁莃蒄袃肀肃虿蝿聿膅蒂螅肈莇螈蚁肇蒀薀罿肇腿莃袅肆节蕿螁肅莄莂蚇膄肃薇薃膃膆莀袂膂莈薅袈膁蒀蒈螄膁膀蚄蚀膀节蒆羈腿莅蚂袄膈蒇蒅螀芇膇蚀蚆袄艿蒃薂袃蒁蚈羁袂膁薁袇袁芃螇螃袀莆薀虿衿蒈莂羇衿膈薈袃羈芀莁蝿羇莂薆蚅羆肂荿蚁羅芄蚄羀羄莆蒇袆羃葿蚃螂羃膈蒆蚈羂芁蚁薄肁莃蒄袃肀肃虿蝿聿膅蒂螅肈莇螈蚁肇蒀薀罿肇腿莃袅肆节蕿螁肅莄莂蚇膄肃薇薃膃膆莀袂膂莈薅袈膁蒀蒈螄膁膀蚄蚀膀节蒆羈腿莅蚂袄膈蒇蒅螀芇膇蚀蚆袄艿蒃薂袃蒁蚈羁袂膁薁袇袁芃螇螃袀莆薀虿衿蒈莂羇衿膈薈袃羈芀莁蝿羇莂薆蚅羆肂荿蚁羅芄蚄羀羄莆蒇袆羃葿蚃螂羃膈蒆蚈羂芁蚁薄肁莃蒄袃肀肃虿蝿聿膅蒂螅肈莇螈蚁肇蒀薀罿肇腿莃袅肆节蕿螁肅莄莂蚇膄肃薇薃膃膆莀袂膂莈薅袈膁蒀蒈螄膁膀蚄蚀膀节蒆羈腿莅蚂袄膈蒇蒅螀芇膇蚀蚆袄艿蒃薂袃蒁蚈羁袂膁薁袇袁芃螇螃袀莆薀虿衿蒈莂羇衿膈薈袃羈芀莁蝿羇莂薆蚅羆肂荿蚁羅芄蚄羀羄莆蒇袆羃葿蚃螂羃膈蒆蚈羂芁蚁薄肁莃蒄袃肀肃虿蝿聿膅蒂螅肈莇螈蚁肇蒀薀罿肇腿莃袅肆节蕿螁肅莄莂蚇膄肃薇薃膃膆莀袂膂莈薅袈膁蒀蒈螄膁膀蚄蚀膀节蒆羈腿莅蚂袄膈蒇蒅螀芇膇蚀蚆袄艿蒃薂袃蒁蚈羁袂膁薁袇袁芃螇螃袀莆薀虿衿蒈莂羇衿膈薈袃羈芀莁蝿羇莂薆蚅羆肂荿蚁羅芄蚄羀羄莆蒇袆羃葿蚃螂羃膈蒆蚈 【2002年8级测试英译汉】The word “winner” and “loser” have many meanings1. When we refer to a person as a winner, we do not mean one who makes someone else lose. To us, a winner is one who responds authentically by being credible, trustworthy, responsive, and genuine, both as an individual and as a member of a society2.Winners do not dedicate their lives to a concept of what they imagine they should be; rather, they are themselves and as such do not use their energy putting on a performance, maintaining pretence, and manipulating others3. They are aware that there is a difference between being loving and acting loving, between being stupid and acting stupid, between being knowledgeable and acting knowledgeable4. Winners do not need to hide behind a mask.Winners are not afraid to do their own thinking and to use their own knowledge5. They can separate facts from opinions and dont pretend to have all the answers6. They listen to others, evaluate what they say, but come to their own conclusions. Although winners can admire and respect other people, they are not totally defined, demolished, bound, or awed by them7.Winners do not play“helpless”, nor do they play the blaming game8. Instead, they assume responsibility for their own lives.【概述】这是一篇议论文，议题讨论人生的核心问题成功与失败。虽然涉及的题目人人皆知，但对其真实内涵却仁者见仁，智者见智。该文语言精炼，讲究修辞，采用对比、排比等手法加强语气。翻译时应注意上下文的逻辑关系，注意修辞格的翻译技巧。【翻译要点评析】1. “winner”和“loser”这两个词是该文的关键词，一开头能否正确选择好词义将影响到整篇文章的翻译。一般情况下，译为“赢家”和“输家”，或“胜者”和“败者”。但本文第一句就说，这两个词have many meanings。这就意味着本文所讨论的winner并不是传统意义上的“赢家”或“胜者”，下文对winner的定义就说明了本文的winner与传统定义不同。鉴于此，我们可以将winner译为“成功者”或“智者”。2. authentically: 自然地；没有假装地；由衷地。此句的关键是译好4个形容词，这是对成功者品质下的定义。credible: 有诚信的；trustworthy: 可依靠的；可信赖的；responsive: 反应敏捷的；敏感的；genuine: 诚实的；不虚伪的。此句可译为“成功者的一切反应均由衷而发，富有诚信，值得信赖，反应敏捷，从不虚伪”，句子读起来非常有节奏感。3.they imagine 是插入成分。What they imagine they should be 直译过来就是“他们自己认为该成为的样子”，也可以说“他们的自我臆想”。rather: 相反。they are themselves: “他们保持其本色”，用中国的一句古语就是“我仍故我”。as such 的本意是“诸如此类的人或物”，此处可以顺接上句译成“正因如此”。putting on a performance: 做作；作秀；装腔作势。maintaining pretence: 自命不凡。manipulate 原意为“巧妙的操纵别人”，这里可译成“对别人指手画脚”。4.此句中 “being“ 是“真的在做”, “acting”是 “假装在做”，这是译好句中三个排比句式的关键。being loving and acting loving可译为“真爱和装爱”；being stupid and acting stupid可译为 “真傻和装傻”；being knowledgeable and acting knowledgeable可译为“博学和卖弄”。5. “are not afraid to do”: 无畏于; 从不怯于; “to do their own thinking”: 独立思考；用自己的知识独立判断；独当一面。6. 此句中，facts与opinions两者是互为矛盾的，facts指“事实”，opinions不是传统意义上的“意见”或“观点”，而是“议论”或“传闻”，因此才有句子They can separate facts from opinions; “成功者能够区分事实与传闻“。7. 此句中有4个排比式的过去分词，译起来比较困难，因为它们的词义差别很微妙。be defined by them原意是“由他人来界定，来规定”，此句则理解为“受制于他人”。be demolished by them 可译为“被他们所摧垮”。be bound by them b可译为“被他们所束缚”。be awed by them 可译为“被他们所吓倒”。8. 此句中，不要将两个play 译成“玩”或“耍”。Play在这里是生动的比喻词。可译为：成功者不故意“示弱”，也从不怨天尤人”。【参考译文】“成功者”和“失败者”这两个词含义很多。当我们将某人称作成功者时，我们并非指他是一个让别人失败的人。对我们来说，成功者乃是这样一个人，无论作为一个个人抑或作为社会的一分子，他的一切反应均由衷而发，富有诚信，值得信赖，反应敏捷，从不虚伪。成功者不会穷其毕生之精力，执着于自我之臆想。相反，他们会保持自己的本色。正因如此，他们不装腔作势，不自命不凡，不对别人指手画脚。他们知道，真爱不同于装爱，真傻有异于装傻、博学有别于卖弄。成功者无需面具来伪装。成功者无畏于独立思考，无畏于独立判断、独当一面。他们能够在事实与传闻之间明辨是非，不会假称自己无所不晓。他们倾听别人意见，择善从之，最终得出自己的结论。成功者敬仰尊重别人，但他不会受制于人、不会被他们所摧垮、不被他们所束缚、不会被他们所吓倒。成功者不故意“示弱”，也从不怨天尤人。他们会毅然肩负起人生的责任。【2003年8级测试英译汉】In his classic novel,“The Pioneers”, James Fenimore Cooper has his hero, a land developer, take his cousin on a tour of the city he is building1. He describes the broad streets, rows of houses, a teeming metropolis2. But his cousin looks around bewildered3. All she ses is a forest.“Where are the beauties and improvements which you were to show me?”She asks4. Hes astonished she cant see them.“Where! Why everywhere,”he replies5. For though they are not yet built on earth, he has built them in his mind, and they are as concrete to him as if they were already constructed and finished.Cooper was illustrating6 a distinctly American trait, future-mindedness7; the ability to see the present from the vantage point of the future; the freedom to feel unencumbered by the past and more emotionally attached to things to come8. As Albert Einstein once said, “Life for the American is always becoming, never being. ”9 【概述】这是一篇关于美国文学的评论性文章，短文评论美国著名作家詹姆斯费尼莫库珀（James Fenimore Cooper）的小说拓荒者（The Pioneer）。文中主人公是一位土地开发商，带着他的表妹游览一座待开发的城市。从而揭示了美国人特有的一种性格前瞻意识。虽然语言的理解不算难，但涉及到美国人独特的处事视角，对于中国读者来说，接触较少，很难有作者那种深刻的体会。对于我们陌生的主题或文化视角，翻译时应注意尽量用“直译”，少些个人发挥，但其文章的风格，则要通过译文充分地展示出来，特别要注意描写人和物的形容词和副词的翻译。【翻译要点评析】1. 此句中有两个专有名词，涉及美国著名作家James Fenimore Cooper (詹姆斯费尼莫库珀)和他的小说The Pioneers (拓荒者)。库珀（17891851）是生活在美国西部大开发时代的一位作家。以描写西部边疆生活而闻名。hero 在小说中指“主人公”、“正面人物”，正式的用词是protagonist, 反面人物为enemy,正式用词是antagonist。land developer意为“土地开发商”，这种人在美国开发西部边疆时代十分时髦，他们极富挑战性和冒险性。2. a teeming metropolis 中的teeming意为“挤满人”、“人声鼎沸”、“熙熙攘攘”、“生机盎然”。teem，动词，原意为“盛产”、“多产的”，如The Taihu Lake teems with fish and shrimps.(太湖盛产鱼虾。)在本句中，teeming metropolis是比喻，可译为“繁华的大都市”。3. bewildered: 过去分词，原意为“使着慌”、“手足无措”，在句中作状语，表示方式，它跟在looks around 后边，可译作“深表困惑”，“满脸迷茫”，“茫然”等。4. 此句中beauties and improvements是由抽象名词转化来的，可理解为“美景和改观”。有时也可理解为“上位词”，上文提到的streets, houses和metropolis就是beauties and improvements所对应的“下位词”。在具体的翻译过程中，如果发现上位词不好译，可转到与此对应的下位词试试看。比如，觉得beauties and improvements译成“美景和改观”不妥，可尝试译为它们在本文中所对应的下位词“宽广的大道”、“鳞次擳比的高楼”和“生机盎然的大都市”之类的字眼。5. “Where! Why everwhere,”中的Why表达的是略带不耐烦与不快的惊讶。翻译时注意要把说话人的这种心态体现出来，有时标点符号就是一种很好表达语气的工具。译文中的标点符号完全可以和原文不同。这句话可译成“在哪儿？这不到处都是嘛？！”6. 此句中concrete意为“具体的”，“实实在在的”。as if they were already constructed and finished是虚拟语气，可译成“如同造好竣工一样”。7. illustrate: “展现”，“用实例说明”。trait: “特色”，“特性”，“特有的品质”。Future-mindedness: “面向未来的心态”，“以未来为参照点的思维方式”，可译为“前瞻意识”、“超前意识”、“未来观”等。8. vantage: 优越，有利的地位；from the vantage point of the future: 站在未来的高度，从未来的高度看。unencumbered: 没有阻碍的；不受妨碍的。the freedom to feel unencumbered by the past可译为“摆脱过去束缚”，“自由地抛开历史羁绊”等。feel attached to : “喜欢；爱慕；依恋”，这里feel attached to things to come可译成“情系未来”，“放眼未来”。9. Albert Einstein: 艾尔伯特 爱因斯坦，相对论的创立者,当代最为大的科学家，德国犹太人，二次大战中移居美国。此句中的难点是becoming 和being,前者指“未来”，后者指“现在”。句中is always becoming 意为“将来会变成什么”，never being 意为“而不是现在是什么”，整个句子可译成“美国人永远生活在将来而不是现在”，也可译成“对美国人来说，生活总是进取，而非守成”。【参考译文】詹姆斯费尼莫库珀在其名著拓荒者一书中写到主人公，一位土地开发商，带着表妹四处参观自己正在规划中的城镇，津津乐道地描述着宽广的大道，鳞次擳比的高楼和生机盎然的大都市。但表妹环顾四周而茫然。他看到的仅仅是一片树林：“你给我指的美景和大厦到底在哪儿呢？”开发商闻言大惊：“在哪儿？这不到处都是嘛？！”尽管大厦还未破土动工，但他们在开发商的脑海里早已成形，而且真切得如同造好竣工一样。库珀在这里揭示了一种美国人特有的品性前瞻意识:站在将来的高度看现在，自由地抛开历史羁绊而放眼将来。正如艾尔伯特爱因斯坦所说：“美国人永远生活在将来而不是现在。”【2004年8级测试英译汉】For me the most interesting thing about a solitary life, and mine has been that for the last twenty years, is that it becomes increasingly rewarding1. When I can wake up and watch the sun rise over the ocean, as I do most days, and know that I have an entire day ahead, uninterrupted, in which to write a few pages2, take a walk with my dog, read and listen to music, I am flooded with happiness3.I am lonely only when I am overtired, when I have worked too long without a break, when for the time being I feel empty and need filling up4. And I am lonely sometimes when I come back home after a lecture trip, when I have seen a lot of people and talked a lot, and am full to the brim with experience that needs to be sorted out5.Then for a little while the house feels huge and empty, and I wonder where my self is hiding. It has to be recaptured slowly by watering the plants and, perhaps, by looking again at each one as though it were a person6.It takes a while, as I watch the surf blowing up in fountains7, but the moment comes when the world falls away, and the self emerges again from the deep unconsciousness, bring back all I have recently experienced to be explored and slowly understood8.【概述】这是一篇关于个人生活的散文。作者为女作家梅莎唐（May Sarton）(19121995)。本文选自散文The Rewards of Living a Solitary Life (单独生活的回报)的结尾部分，个别地方有删节。这篇文章在理解方面没有什么障碍，关键是表达时的文采和风格。翻译时应尽量把作者对孤独的感受用较好的文学语言表达出来。【翻译要点评析】1. 此句中，主语部分是the most interesting thing about a solitary life。Mine has been that 是难点，mine 指my life, “that” 指a solitary life。 “is that”引导一个表语从句。 it 指的是a solitary life。 it becomes increasingly rewarding 可译为“单独生活的回报与日俱增”。2. 此句中，在an entire day 后边有两个后置定语ahead和uninterrupted,还有一个in which加三个动词不定式引导的定语。3. be flooded with happiness是比喻，意为be filled with, be full of, “充满了幸福”。4. 此句中三个when 引导的时间状语从句描述的是同一时刻同时存在的三种状况：“当我过度疲劳”、“长时间不间断工作”、“一时间感到空虚而需要充实自己时”。后一句的两个when描述的又是另一种情况，不要把每一个when引导的短句理解成一种独立状态，也就是说原文共描述了两种情况，而不是五种，表达时要把这两种情况区别开。 needing filling up可译为“需要充实自己”。5. a lecture trip意为“外出讲演”或“巡回讲演”。 full to brim是个短语，意为“漫边儿”、“满”，full to brim with experience意为“满脑子的体验”或“满脑子纷乱的头绪”, sort out 意为“拣出”、“梳理”、“整理”。6. 此句中，It has to be recaptured意为“找回自我”。查阅原作，我们发现在it were a person后删去了by feeding the two cats, by cooking a meal。如果按删除后的文章理解by looking again at each one as thyough it were a person, 可将each one视作“一棵一棵花草”, as thgough it were a person是虚拟语气。7. 查阅原文，此句fountains后删除了at the end of the field (在田头，在田边)。fountains可理解为“泉水”、“喷泉”，surf原意为“浪花”，此处可译为“向四处溅出的水花”或“水柱”。8. 查阅原文，在slowly understood后删除了when I can converse again with my hidden powers, and so grow, and so be renewed, till death do us part。此句中，deep unconsciousness意为“潜意识”。to be explored and slowly understood可译为“细思深究”，或“让我探究，让我领悟”。 【参考译文】过去二十年，我一直单独生活。对于我，最为有趣的是，单独生活的回报与日俱增。经常在醒来时能够亲眼看着太阳在海洋上升起，清楚地知道有一个完整的一天供我使用，没有任何间断。我可以写上几页东西，遛遛狗儿，读读书，听听音乐，我充满了幸福。只有当我疲惫不堪，长时间不间断地工作，或者一时间感到空虚而需要充实自己的时候，我就感到孤独。当我刚从外地讲学回到家中，或者当我见过了很多人而且说了许多话，满脑子纷乱的思绪需要梳理时，这时我也会感到孤独。一段时间内，我觉得屋子既空又大，也不知道“我自身”藏在了什么地方。只好通过浇浇花，也许再看看花草，把它们一棵一棵地当人一样地看看，来慢慢地找回自我。这需要一段时间。当我看着喷泉激起的水花时，这个时刻便来到了：周围的世界慢慢地消失，自我再次从潜意识里涌出，带回到我刚才经历过的一切，让我探究、让我领悟。【2005年8级测试英译汉】 It is simple enough to say that since books have classes fiction, biography, poetry we should separate them and take from each what it is right that each should give us1. Yet few people ask from books what books can give us. Most commonly we come to books with blurred and divided minds, asking of fiction that it shall be true, of poetry that it shall be false, of biography that it shall be flattering, of history that it shall enforce our own prejudices2. If we could banish all such preconceptions when we read, that would be an admirable beginning. Do not dictate to your author: try to become him. Be his fellow-worker and accomplice3. If you hang back, and reserve and criticize at first, you are preventing yourself from getting the fullest possible value from what you read4. But if you open your mind as widely as possible5, then signs and hints of almost imperceptible fineness, from the twist and turn of the first sentences, will bring you into the presence of a human being unlike any other. Steep yourself in this, acquaint yourself with this6, and soon you will find that your author is giving you, or attempting to give you, something far more definite.【概述】 这是论述怎样读书的散文中的第一段话（全文见Unit 2的范例欣赏How Should One Read A Book?），作者是英国著名现代女作家弗吉尼亚伍尔夫（18821941），她的主要作品有达罗卫夫人、到灯塔去、海浪等长篇小说，以描写意识流见长。该文开宗明义谈如何读书，实际上兼有文学评论的性质。全文用词朴素、行文流畅，而内涵丰富、意味深长。翻译时，需仔细品味原文的含义，明白无误地表达出作者的意思与风格。所采用的翻译方法有：省略法、词类转译法、分译法、增词法等。 【翻译要点评析】1.It is simple enough to sayeach should give us: 该句中It 是指代to say + that 所引导的宾语从句。可采用分译法翻译此句，先将宾语从句译成一个独立句，再将主句译成一个独立句：“这话说来很简单。”2. Most commonlyour own prejudices: