高考英语语法之定语从句——十年高考、五年模拟.doc

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芀蒈蒀蚄芆蒇蚂袀膂蒆螅螃肈蒅蒄羈羄蒄薇螁芃蒃虿羆腿薂螁蝿肅薂蒁羅羁薁薃螇荿薀螆肃芅蕿袈袆膁薈薈肁肇膅蚀袄羃膄螂聿节芃蒂袂膈节薄肈肄芁蚆袁羀芀衿蚃莈芀薈罿芄艿蚁螂膀芈螃羇肆芇蒃螀羂莆薅羅芁莅蚇螈膇莄螀羄膃莄蕿螇聿莃蚂肂羅莂螄袅芃莁蒄肀腿莀薆袃肅葿蚈聿羁蒈螁袁芀蒈蒀蚄芆蒇蚂袀膂蒆螅螃肈蒅蒄羈羄蒄薇螁芃蒃虿羆腿薂螁蝿肅薂蒁羅羁薁薃螇荿薀螆肃芅蕿袈袆膁薈薈肁肇膅蚀袄羃膄螂聿节芃蒂袂膈节薄肈肄芁蚆袁羀芀衿蚃莈芀薈罿芄艿蚁螂膀芈螃羇肆芇蒃螀羂莆薅羅芁莅蚇螈膇莄螀羄膃莄蕿螇聿莃蚂肂羅莂螄袅芃莁蒄肀腿莀薆袃肅葿蚈聿羁蒈螁袁芀蒈蒀蚄芆蒇蚂袀膂蒆螅螃肈蒅蒄羈羄蒄薇螁芃蒃虿羆腿薂螁蝿肅薂蒁羅羁薁薃螇荿薀螆肃芅蕿袈袆膁薈薈肁肇膅蚀袄羃膄螂聿节芃蒂袂膈节薄肈肄芁蚆袁羀芀衿蚃莈芀薈罿芄艿蚁螂膀芈螃羇肆芇蒃螀羂莆薅羅芁莅蚇螈膇莄螀羄膃莄蕿螇聿莃蚂肂羅莂螄袅芃莁蒄肀腿莀薆袃肅葿蚈聿羁蒈螁袁芀蒈蒀蚄芆蒇蚂袀膂蒆螅螃肈蒅蒄羈羄蒄薇螁芃蒃虿羆腿薂螁蝿肅薂蒁羅羁薁薃螇荿薀螆肃芅蕿袈袆膁薈薈肁肇膅蚀袄羃膄螂聿节芃蒂袂膈节薄肈肄芁蚆袁羀芀衿蚃莈芀薈罿芄艿蚁螂膀芈螃羇肆芇蒃螀羂莆薅羅芁莅蚇螈膇莄螀羄膃莄蕿螇聿莃蚂肂羅莂螄袅芃莁蒄肀腿莀薆袃肅葿蚈聿羁蒈螁袁芀蒈蒀蚄芆蒇蚂袀膂蒆螅螃肈蒅蒄羈羄蒄薇螁芃蒃虿羆腿薂螁蝿肅薂蒁羅羁薁薃螇荿薀螆肃芅蕿袈袆膁薈薈肁肇膅蚀袄羃膄螂聿节芃蒂袂膈节薄肈肄芁蚆袁羀芀衿蚃莈芀薈罿芄艿蚁螂膀芈螃羇肆芇蒃螀羂莆薅羅芁莅蚇螈膇莄螀羄膃莄蕿螇聿莃蚂肂羅莂螄袅芃莁蒄肀腿莀薆袃肅葿蚈聿羁蒈螁袁芀蒈蒀蚄芆蒇蚂袀膂蒆螅螃肈蒅蒄羈羄蒄薇螁芃蒃虿羆腿薂螁蝿肅薂蒁羅羁薁薃螇荿薀螆肃芅蕿袈袆膁薈薈肁肇膅蚀袄羃膄螂聿节芃蒂袂膈节薄肈肄芁蚆袁羀芀衿蚃莈芀薈罿芄艿蚁螂膀芈螃羇肆芇蒃螀羂莆薅羅芁莅蚇螈膇莄螀羄膃莄蕿螇聿莃蚂肂羅莂螄袅芃莁蒄肀腿莀薆袃肅葿蚈聿羁蒈螁袁芀蒈蒀蚄芆蒇蚂袀膂蒆螅螃肈蒅蒄羈羄蒄薇螁芃蒃虿羆腿薂螁蝿肅薂蒁羅羁薁薃螇荿薀螆肃芅蕿袈袆膁薈薈肁肇膅蚀袄羃膄螂聿节芃蒂袂膈节薄肈肄芁蚆袁羀芀衿蚃莈芀薈罿芄艿蚁螂膀芈螃羇肆芇蒃螀羂莆薅羅芁莅蚇螈膇莄螀羄膃莄蕿螇聿莃蚂肂羅莂螄袅芃莁蒄肀腿莀薆袃肅葿蚈聿羁蒈螁袁芀蒈蒀蚄芆蒇蚂袀膂蒆螅螃肈蒅蒄羈羄蒄薇螁芃蒃虿羆腿薂螁蝿肅薂蒁羅羁薁薃螇荿薀螆肃芅蕿袈袆膁薈薈肁肇膅蚀袄羃膄螂聿节芃蒂袂膈节薄肈肄芁蚆袁羀芀衿蚃莈芀薈罿芄艿蚁螂膀芈螃羇肆芇蒃螀羂莆薅羅芁莅蚇螈膇莄螀羄膃莄蕿螇聿莃蚂肂羅莂螄袅芃莁蒄肀腿莀薆袃肅葿蚈聿羁蒈螁袁芀蒈蒀蚄芆蒇蚂袀膂蒆螅螃肈蒅蒄羈羄蒄薇螁芃蒃虿羆腿薂螁蝿肅薂蒁羅羁薁薃螇荿薀螆肃芅蕿袈袆膁薈薈肁肇膅蚀袄羃膄螂聿节芃蒂袂膈节薄肈肄芁蚆袁羀芀衿蚃莈芀薈罿芄艿蚁螂膀芈螃羇肆芇蒃螀羂莆薅羅芁莅蚇螈膇莄螀羄膃莄蕿螇聿莃蚂肂羅莂螄袅芃莁蒄肀腿莀薆袃肅葿蚈聿羁蒈螁袁芀蒈蒀蚄芆蒇蚂袀膂蒆螅螃肈蒅蒄羈羄蒄薇螁芃蒃虿羆腿薂螁蝿肅薂蒁羅羁薁薃螇荿薀螆肃芅蕿袈袆膁薈薈肁肇膅蚀袄羃膄螂聿节芃蒂袂膈节薄肈肄芁蚆袁羀芀衿蚃莈芀薈罿芄艿蚁螂膀芈螃羇肆芇蒃螀羂莆薅羅芁莅蚇螈膇莄螀羄膃莄蕿螇聿莃蚂肂羅莂螄袅芃莁蒄肀腿莀薆袃肅葿蚈聿羁蒈螁袁芀蒈蒀蚄芆蒇蚂袀膂蒆螅螃肈蒅蒄羈羄蒄薇螁芃蒃虿羆腿薂螁蝿肅薂蒁羅羁薁薃螇荿薀螆肃芅蕿袈袆膁薈薈肁肇膅蚀袄羃膄螂聿节芃蒂袂膈节薄肈肄芁蚆袁羀芀衿蚃莈芀薈罿芄艿蚁螂膀芈螃羇肆芇蒃螀羂莆薅羅芁莅蚇螈膇莄螀羄膃莄蕿螇聿莃蚂肂羅莂螄袅芃莁蒄肀腿莀薆袃肅葿蚈聿羁蒈螁袁芀蒈蒀蚄芆蒇蚂袀膂蒆螅螃肈蒅蒄羈羄蒄薇螁芃蒃虿羆腿薂螁蝿肅薂蒁羅羁薁薃螇荿薀螆肃芅蕿袈袆膁薈薈肁肇膅蚀袄羃膄螂聿节芃蒂袂膈节薄肈肄芁蚆袁羀芀衿蚃莈芀薈罿芄艿蚁螂膀芈螃羇肆芇蒃螀羂莆薅羅芁莅蚇螈膇莄螀羄膃莄蕿螇聿莃蚂肂羅莂螄袅芃莁蒄肀腿莀薆袃肅葿蚈聿羁蒈螁袁芀蒈蒀蚄芆蒇蚂袀膂蒆螅螃肈蒅蒄羈羄蒄薇螁芃蒃虿羆腿薂螁蝿肅薂蒁羅羁薁薃螇荿薀螆肃芅蕿袈袆膁薈薈肁肇膅蚀袄羃膄螂聿节芃蒂袂膈节薄肈肄芁蚆袁羀芀衿蚃羆袇膆薆袂袆芈荿螈袅莀薄蚄袄肀莇薀袃膂薃袈羃芅莆螄羂莇薁蚀羁肇莄蚆羀艿虿薂罿莁蒂袁羈肁蚈螇羇膃蒀蚃羇芆蚆蕿肆莈葿袇肅肈节螃肄芀蒇蝿肃莂莀蚅肂肂薅薁肁膄莈袀肁芆薄螆膀荿莆蚂腿肈薂薈膈膁莅袇膇莃薀袃膆蒅蒃蝿膆膅蚈蚅螂芇蒁薀螁莀蚇衿螀聿蒀螅衿膂蚅蚁衿芄蒈薇袈蒆芁羆袇膆薆袂袆芈荿螈袅莀薄蚄袄肀莇薀袃膂薃袈羃芅莆螄羂莇薁蚀羁肇莄蚆羀艿虿薂罿莁蒂袁羈肁蚈螇羇膃蒀蚃羇芆蚆蕿肆莈葿袇肅肈节螃肄芀蒇蝿肃莂莀蚅肂肂薅薁肁膄莈袀肁芆薄螆膀荿莆蚂腿肈薂薈膈膁莅袇膇莃薀袃膆蒅蒃蝿膆膅蚈蚅螂芇蒁薀螁莀蚇衿螀聿蒀螅衿膂蚅蚁衿芄蒈薇袈蒆芁羆袇膆薆袂袆芈荿螈袅莀薄蚄袄肀莇薀袃膂薃袈羃芅莆螄羂莇薁蚀羁肇莄蚆羀艿虿薂罿莁蒂袁羈肁蚈螇羇膃蒀蚃羇芆蚆蕿肆莈葿袇肅肈节螃肄芀蒇蝿肃莂莀蚅肂肂薅薁肁膄莈袀肁芆薄螆膀荿莆蚂腿肈薂薈膈膁莅袇膇莃薀袃膆蒅蒃蝿膆膅蚈蚅螂芇蒁薀螁莀蚇衿螀聿蒀螅衿膂蚅蚁衿芄蒈薇袈蒆芁羆袇膆薆袂袆芈荿螈袅莀薄蚄袄肀莇薀袃膂薃袈羃芅莆螄羂莇薁蚀羁肇莄蚆羀艿虿薂罿莁蒂袁羈肁蚈螇羇膃蒀蚃羇芆蚆蕿肆莈葿袇肅肈节螃肄芀蒇蝿肃莂莀蚅肂肂薅薁肁膄莈袀肁芆薄螆膀荿莆蚂腿肈薂薈膈膁莅袇膇莃薀袃膆蒅蒃蝿膆膅蚈蚅螂芇蒁薀螁莀蚇衿螀聿蒀螅衿膂蚅蚁衿芄蒈薇袈蒆芁羆袇膆薆袂袆芈荿螈袅莀薄蚄袄肀莇薀袃膂薃袈羃芅莆螄羂莇薁蚀羁肇莄蚆羀艿虿薂罿莁蒂袁羈肁蚈螇羇膃蒀蚃羇芆蚆蕿肆莈葿袇肅肈节螃肄芀蒇蝿肃莂莀蚅肂肂薅薁肁 10年高考【2003-2012】5 年模拟【2008-2012】英语分类汇编-定语从句u 定语从句在高考中的考查重点：1.that与which引导的定语从句的区别；2.who、whom与whose引导的定语从句的区别；3.关系副词where、when与why引导的定语从句的区别；4.对as引导定语从句的考查；5. suchas与suchthat的区别；the sameas与the samethat的区别；6.对介词+关系代词的考查；7.the way 作先行词时,定语从句的引导词作状语用in which ,that 或者省略；8.含有插入语的定语从句；9.与并列句、状语从句、同位语从句以及与强调句型的混合考查。【2012山东卷】23. Maria has written two novels, both of _ have been made into television series. www.A. them B. thatC. which D. what【答案】【解析】此处先行词是two novels，后面是一个非限制性定语从句且介词前置，因此用both of which引导。句意：Maria写了两部小说，两部都被拍成了电视剧。【考点】考查非限制性定语从句的用法。【2012福建卷】23. The air quality in the city, _is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months.A. that B. it C. as D. what www.【考点】本题考查定语从句的引导词【答案】C【解析】本句难点是把定语从句分割出来放在句首就很明了了，把句子转换成 is shown in the report, the air quality in the city has improved over the past two months.就能直接看到非限制性定语从句引导词放句首指的是下文所提到的一句话用as引导正如在 所写的那样。 第 - 1 - 页 共 54 页 【考点】定语从句【答案】B【解析】when引导定义从句，在从句中做时间状语，修饰先行词an age（时代）. 此处的when=at which。【2012江苏卷】22. After the flooding, people were suffering in that area,_ urgently needed clean water,medicine and shelter to survive.A. which B. who C. where D. what【考点】定语从句关系代词【答案】B【解析】指人的先行词people在非限制性定语从句中充当主语，所以用关系代词who引导。故选B项。【举一反三】由who引导的定语从句www.关系代词who只能指人，在从句中作主语或宾语。如：A teacher is a person who passes knowledge to the student.教师是传授知识的人。（关系代词在从句中作主语）The man who can do this work will get 1000 dollars.能够做此工作的人将获得1000美元。（关系代词who在从句中作主语）【2012安徽卷】29. lot of language learning, has been discovered, is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk much to their children during that period.A. as B. it C. which D. This【答案】A【解析】如果选择B或D 就出现了两个句子了。本题考查非限制性定语从句,关系代词指整个一句话lot of language learning is happening in the first year of life。传统考法是直接把从句放在句首，我不知道这里是不是算作句首，我相信学生们也会是一头雾水吧。【as用在句首，which用在句末，正确答案应该是A】【考点】考查定语从句。【2012江西卷】28By 16:30, was almost closing time, nearly all the paintings had been sold.Awhich Bwhen Cwhat Dthat【答案】A 【考点】定语从句【答案】D第 - 2 - 页 共 54 页 【解析】position为先行词，后面是其定语从句，关系词在从句中作的是地点状语，因此，应该使用关系副词where来引导定语从句。因此，正确答案为D选项。技巧点拨：句意表示我已经达到人生的一个转折点，应该自己做决定。先行词是point, 关系词在从句中作地点状语，因此，正确答案为B选项。【2012四川卷】13. In our class there are 46 students, _ half wear glasses.A. in whom B. in them C. of whom D. of them【答案】 C【考点】本题考查定语从句。【解析】前后两句话之间无连词，故不能用人称代词them而应用关系代词whom引导定语从句；在46个学生当中，表所属，应用of。故答案选C。【2012陕西卷】14. It is the third time that she has won the race, _ has surprised us all.A. that B. where C. which D. what【答案】C www.【考点】考查定语从句。【解析】所填词前有逗号，是非限制性定语从句，先行词是整个主句，关系词在从句中做主语，选C。其余选项与题干不符。【2012北京卷】26. When deeply absorbed in work, _ he often was，he would forget all about eating or sleeping. www.A. that B. which C. where D. when【答案】 B【考点】非限制性定语从句，which作表语。【2012全国II】8. That evening, _ I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late.A. that B. which C. what D. when【答案】B【解析】这里that evening是先行词，其在定语从句中作介词about的宾语，所以用which。句意：以后我将和你谈起的那个晚上，我工作到了很晚。【考点】考查非限制性定语从句的关系词。【2012天津卷】 7.I wish to thank Professor Smith, without_help I would never have got this far.【B】www.A. who B. whose C. whom D. which 2011全国卷I) 31The prize will go to the writer _ story shows the most imagination.A. that B. which C. whose D. what答案C考点考查定语从句。解析本题主句中的先行词writer和从句中的主语story有所属关系，译为作者的故事，因此选C。句子的意思是：我们的奖金会留给故事情节最富有想象力的作者。2011全国卷II）7Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt, _ is a stupid thing to do in such weather.A. this B. that C. what D. which答案D考点考查定语从句。解析分析句子结构可知，该句为定语从句，首先排除A和C；根据空前的逗号可知，该句为非限制性定语扶句，排除B。该从句应用which引导，which在从句中作主语，代指前丽的整个句子。第 - 3 - 页 共 54 页 2011北京卷）26Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, _, of course, make all the others upset.A. who B. which www. C. what D. that答案B考点考查非限定性定语从句。 解析逗号后的非限定性定语从句中缺少主语，which引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句部分的 C. when D. as考点考查定语从句。解析先行词为the bus station，从句中谓语动词hire后差宾语，故用关系代词which。 2011山东卷）32The old town has narrow streets and small houses _are built close to each other.A. they B. where C. what D. that 答案D考点此题考察定语从句的引导词。解析关系代词that代替先行词small houses，在从句中作主语。句意为：这座古老的城镇街道狭窄，小房子挨得很近。 2011江西卷）34She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction _had taken more than three years.A. for which B. with which C. of which D. to which答案C 考点考察定语从句解析先行词为museum，在从句中充当定语，博物馆的建造工程花费了超过三年的时间。介词用of。选C。2011江苏卷）24Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, _ the audience canB. where C. that D. which考点考查定语从句。解析句意：音乐会的两大构成部分中间有幕间休息时间，在这段时间里观众可以去买冰激凌。When引导的定语从句修饰an interval，when在从句中作时间状语。首先解析句子结构，判断从句类型，题干说在音乐会中间有间歇，此时你可以买冰激凌。题干的前半部分完整无缺，后半部分补充说明这个间歇你可以干的事，所以这是一个非限定性定语从句，先行词为interval，非限定性定语从句的功能就是对先行词进行补充说明。由于从句部分不缺少主干成分，而且interval表时间，所以正确答案为A2011安徽卷）28Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, _ it will keep for two or three weeks.A. when B. which C. where D. while答案A考点考查定语从句。解析句意为：剩下的任何东西都可以放入冰箱，在那里可以保存两三周。本题考查非限第 - 4 - 页 共 54 页 制性定语从句的关系副词。由句型结构可以看出，该题中的先行词refrigerator在从句中作介词的宾语，该介宾结构在定语从句中作地点状语，故选择关系副词where。when在从句中作时间状语；which在从句中作主语或宾语；while是连词，不能用于定语从句。2011浙江卷）8English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of _ uses itB. what C. them D. those考点考查定语从句。 解析本句中的先行词是several diverse cultures，先行词在从句中做each of的宾语，所有应用关系代词which。2011浙江卷）10A bank is the place _ they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain.A. when B. that C. where D. there答案C 考点考查定语从句。解析本句中的先行词是the place.，先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，所以应该用关系副词where。2011福建卷）24She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students _ allows them to communicate freely with each other.A. which B. where C. what D. who 答案A考点考查定语从句。解析分析句子成分可知，an atmosphere与修饰它的定语从句被for her students隔开，该从句缺少主语，所以用which。2011福建卷）33the palace hall of the wedding ceremony. Athat Bwhen Csince Dberore答案B考点考查定语从句。解析去掉It was及that后，April 29，2011不可以单独作时间状语，所以不是强调句型。用when引导定语从句修饰April29，2011。2011四川卷）17The school shop, _ customers are mainly students, is closed few the holidays.A. which B. whose C. when D. where答案D 考点考查定语从句。解析此处whose引导的非限制性定语从句修饰先行词shop，在定语从句中作customers的定语。句意为这个学校商店，其主顾大多是学生，因为放假就关门了。2011天津卷）10The days are gone _ physical strength was all you needed to make a living.A. when B. that C. where D. which答案A考点考察定语从句。解析句意为：when引导定语从句修饰The day。are gone为插入语。句意为：全部靠体力第 - 5 - 页 共 54 页 挣钱谋生的时代已经过去了。2011陕西卷）11I walked up to the top of the hill with my friend, _ we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake. A. which B. where C. who D. that 答案B考点考查定语从句。解析先行词是hill，表地点，定语从句we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake .句子成分中缺少状语，所以应用关系副词where。，答案选择2011湖南卷)25Julie was good at German, French and Russian , all of _ she spoke fluently.A. who B. whom C. which D. that答案C考点本题考察定语从句中复合关系代词的用法。解析介词后只能使用的关系代词是which, who, whose, 因为句子中关系词指代是语言，故选C；句意：Julie擅长德语、法语和俄语，这三种语言她说得都很流利。10福建Stephen Hawking believes that earth is unlikely to be the only planet life has developed gradually.A. that B. where C. which D. whose2答案B考点定语从句解析先行词为planet, 表示地点, 故用where。10湖南Ive become good friends with several of the students in my school I met in the English speech contest last year.A. who B. where C. when D. which答案A考点考查定语从句。解析该空引导定语从句修饰表示人的先行词the students, 且在从句中作met的宾语, 故选关系代词who, 即A项。10江西The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister _ she would stay for an hour.A where B who C which D what答案A考点考查定语从句。解析先行词为centre, she would stay for an hour 不缺宾语或主语, 故要填状语, 表地点用where。10山东Thats the new machine _ parts are too small to be seen.A. that B. which C. whose D. What答案C考点本题考查定语从句的引导词。解析句意应为 那就是那台零部件小得几乎看不见的新机器。空格处引导定语从句并且在从句中作定语使用, 所以使用whose。10山东Wind power is an ancient source of energy we may return in the near future.A. on which B. by which C. to which D. from which答案C第 - 6 - 页 共 54 页 考点此处考查的是介词加疑问词引导从句解析考查介词+which的用法。=Wind power is an ancient source of energy whichthat we may return to in the near future.10天津-Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut?-You should try the barbersI go. Its only 15.A. as B. which C. where D. that答案C考点考查定语从句。解析句意：你能相信我理一次发得花20美元吗？你应该到我去的那家理发店试试, 只需要15美元。句中the barbers 是先行词, 从句中go 是不及物动词, 所选关系代词在从句中作状语, 所以要用where。10四川After graduating from college, I took some time off to go travelling, turned out to be a wise decision.A. that B. which C. when D. where答案B考点考查定语从句。解析此处应为which引导的非限制性定语从句, which代替前边整个句子。句意为： 大学毕业后, 我们休假一段时间去旅游, 这结果证明是一个明智的决定。10全国As a child , Jack studied in a village school ,_ is named after his grandfather.A. which B. where C. what D. that答案A考点此题考查非限定性定语从句。解析句意：还是孩子的时候, Jack 在以他祖父命名的乡村学校学习。根据选项此题考查从句, 空格设置在名词school后, 且school后有逗号, 此题考查非限定性定语从句。定语从句所修饰的先行词是school, 它在定于从句中做主语, 因此使用关系代词, 选项中的关系代词只有which和that, 由于是非限定性定语从句, 不能使用that, 因此选择A。10江苏The newly built caf, the walls of_ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, specially after hard work.A. that B. it C. what D. which答案D考点定语从句解析定语从句表示咖啡屋的墙100陕西The old temple _ roof was damaged in storm is now under repair.A. where B. which C. its D. whose答案D考点考查定语从句。解析所填词引导定语从句, 先行词是the old temple, 关系词在从句中做roof的定语, 用关系代词whose, 选D。其余选项与题意不符。10全国I refuse to accept the blame for something _was someone elses fault.A. who B. that C. as D. what答案B考点定语从句。解析不定代词something作主语, 用that引导。10湖北My mother was so proud of all _（我所做的）that she rewarded me with a trip第 - 7 - 页 共 54 页 to Beijing. (do)答案that I had done考点定语从句解析先行词是 all的时候, 定语从句只能由 that引导, 又因为主句是一般过去时, 我所做的事情是过去已经完成的事情, 所以要用过去完成时。10湖北_(正如我们强调的那样)many times