《B型肝炎专题报告》PPT课件.ppt

B 型肝炎專題報告 生機一 侯詠德 B89611034 大綱 w前言 wB型肝炎的表面抗原 表面抗體 wB型肝炎的傳染途徑 w健康帶原者的迷思 wB型肝炎的治療與化驗 wB型肝炎的預防 w其他 前言 肝臟簡述 B型肝炎病毒(HBV) 回大綱 B型肝炎病毒(HBV) wB 型病毒性肝炎的病原體，是一屬於去 氧核醣核酸 (DNA) 的病毒，叫做 B 型 肝炎病毒。大小為 42 nm ，於 一九六 五 年為 Blumberg 所發現 上一頁 肝 臟 簡 述 上一張 B型肝炎的表面抗原 表面抗體 w我們的身體，為了保護自己的安全和健 康，對不屬於自己身體的物質或成份 外來的異物，進入自己體內 時 ，會有排斥這些外來異物的動作。這個 動怍叫做免疫反應。這些外來異物 叫做抗原(antigen)，而在體內 產生 出來，以對抗抗原的物質就叫做抗體 (antibody)。 回大綱 B 型肝炎的傳染途徑 wB 型肝炎主要流行於東南亞、中國大陸、大 洋洲、菲律賓、印尼、中東、非洲及大洋洲 等地區 wB 型肝炎病毒的潛伏期約為 14 個月，其感 染途徑是非經口性感染，即經輸血、注射、 紋身、紋眉、開刀、穿耳朵或性接觸等途徑 進入體內而感染 wEX1. 化驗員 wEX2. 警察 回大綱 健康帶原者的迷思 w一般所稱帶原者是指慢性帶原者 中，沒有肝細胞的發炎（肝細胞的損傷 破壞），無症狀並且抽血檢驗 GPT (ALT), GOT (AST) 結果也正常，也沒 有肝硬化的病例；為了要使一般大眾容 易了解，在帶原者前面多加健康 兩個字叫做健康帶原者，與這些 有病狀的慢性肝炎病例做區別 下一頁 健康帶原者的迷思2 下一頁 人體內有病原體存在，但無症狀呈現時 就叫做帶原者（也就是健康帶原 者的簡稱） 正常 帶原者 抗原 (HBsAg) 抗體 (HBsAb) 健康帶原者的迷思3 回大綱 1. 抗原轉變為陰性 2. 轉變為慢性肝炎 3. 轉變為肝癌 B型肝炎的治療與化驗 w血清活性試驗(GOT GPT) w腹部超音波 w肝穿刺 w干擾素及干擾素誘導劑 回大綱 B型肝炎的預防 wHBV血源疫苗 w基因工程疫苗 回大綱 其他 w怎樣才知道自己得了肝炎? w打過疫苗後 是不是就不會被感染了? w可以和B型肝炎帶原者共食嗎? w B型肝炎和肝癌, 肝硬化是否有關? 下一張 資料來源 肝臟病預防治療百科 林白出版 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