英美文化概况Cha.ppt

Subjects and Objects In English, subjects normally shouldnt be omitted in a sentence. But in Chinese, subjects are often omitted. 1. He was shivering, his face was white and he walked very slowly as though it ached to move. 2. 他浑身哆嗦，脸色苍白，步履缓慢， 好象一动 就会引起疼痛。 3. It is raining. It is 9:00 already. It is very cold. 4. 下雨了。已经9点了。很冷。 Objects 1.This book is very interesting. Would you like to read it? 2.这本书很有意思。你想看吗？ Conclusion: English speakers tend to convey meaning explicitly, while the Chinese people, when having no problem indentifying the subjects or objects in sentences, allow them to become implicit. Paratactic and hypotactic relations English relies more heavily than Chinese on conjunctions which indicate explicitly paratactic and hypotactic relationship. 1.Men and women, old and young, all joined in the battle. 2. 男女老少都参加了战斗。 3.We will not attack unless we are attacked. 4. 人不犯我，我不犯人。 Recipients and Modifiers 1. John hit the pickpocket on the head. 2. 约翰打中了小偷的脑袋。 3. He caught me by the arm. 4. 他抓住我的胳膊。 5. He was robbed of all his money. 6. 他的钱被抢光了。 English and Chinese speakers look at this kind of actions from different perspectives. Word Order 1. At seven oclock on the morning of 25 July, 1991 the train started back to Beijing. 2. 1991年7月25日上午7点火车开始返回北 京。 3. He graduated from English department, Peking University. 4. 他毕业于北京大学英语系。 1. Shall we go there by train? 2. 我们坐火车走吗？ 3. Which books have you lent him? 4.你把哪本书借给他了？ In English interrogative sentences, the sentence initial position is usually reversed. Whereas, in Chinese, all the interrogative information is represented without reversing the initial order, by using either an interrogative auxiliary or a rising intonation. Answers to negative questions 1.Dont you like chamber music? -Yes, I do. -No, I dont. 2. 你不喜欢室内乐吗？ 不，我喜欢。 是的，我不喜欢。 Onomatopoeic Words A pig squeals when it is hurt. The croaky sounds disturbed me. He shook his head with an appreciative chuckle. He said squeakily, “ I hate you.” 他在肚子里咕哝了一句。 土块劈劈啪啪地落了他一身。 我的心像爆竹，咚，飞上了天。 English onomatopoeic words can be used as any of the four classes of content words. W